Fortifying Cooking Oil with Vitamin A in Two Rural Districts of Indonesia: Impact on Vitamin A Status of Mothers and Children.

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dc.contributor.authorSandjaja, Sandjaja
dc.contributor.authorJus'at, Idrus
dc.contributor.authorJahari, Abas Basuni
dc.contributor.authorTilden, Robert
dc.contributor.authorErnawati, Fitrah
dc.contributor.authorSoekarjo, Damayanti
dc.contributor.authorKorenromp, Eline
dc.contributor.authorMoench-Pfanner, Regina
dc.contributor.authorSoekirman, Soekirman
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-09T07:20:32Z
dc.date.available2015-11-09T07:20:32Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractObjectives: To measure impact of fortifying unbranded palm oil with retinyl palmitate on vitamin A status in poor households through two surveys, just before fortification started (four months after the twice-yearly vitamin A capsule supplementation for children 6-59 months) and a year later. Methods: 24 villages from a pilot area on West Java were randomly selected, and poor families sampled. Serum retinol (adjusted for sub-clinical infections) was analyzed in lactating mothers and their infants 6-11 months, children 12-59 months and 5-9 years and women 15-29 years, in relation to socio-economic conditions, oil consumption, and food intake. Fortified oil was sold through existing market channels. Results: Fortified oil improved vitamin A intakes, contributing an estimated 34%, 77%, 55%, 42%, 50% of Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) for children 12-23 months, 24-59 months, 5-9 years, lactating and non-lactating women, respectively. Serum retinol increased by 13-17% across groups (p<0.02 except in 12-23 months). Deficiency prevalence (retinol <20 mg/dL) decreased by 67%, 64%, 96%, 89%, 79%, and 89% in infants 6-11 months, children 12-23 months, 24-59 months, 5-9 years, lactating and non-lactating women (p<0.011, all groups). Households' non-food expenditures, housing conditions and capital assets also improved from baseline to endline. However, in multivariate regressions, socio-economic variables did not independently influence retinol status, whereas RNI contributions from oil positively predicted improving retinol for children 6-59 months (p=0.003) and 5-9 years (p=0.03). Conclusions: Fortification of cooking oil proved an effective way to reduce the vitamin A intake gap in underprivileged women and children in rural communities.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSandjaja Sandjaja, Jus'at Idrus, Jahari Abas Basuni, Tilden Robert, Ernawati Fitrah, Soekarjo Damayanti, Korenromp Eline, Moench-Pfanner Regina, Soekirman Soekirman. Fortifying Cooking Oil with Vitamin A in Two Rural Districts of Indonesia: Impact on Vitamin A Status of Mothers and Children. European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety. 2015 Special issue; 5(5): 802-803.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2347-5641
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/165335
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.source.urihttps://sciencedomain.org/abstract/10916en_US
dc.titleFortifying Cooking Oil with Vitamin A in Two Rural Districts of Indonesia: Impact on Vitamin A Status of Mothers and Children.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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