A study of the spectrum of Acanthamoeba keratitis: a three-year study at a tertiary eye care referral center in South India.

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dc.contributor.authorBharathi, Jayahar Men_US
dc.contributor.authorSrinivasan, Men_US
dc.contributor.authorRamakrishnan, Ren_US
dc.contributor.authorMeenakshi, Ren_US
dc.contributor.authorPadmavathy, Sen_US
dc.contributor.authorLalitha, Prajna Nen_US
dc.date.accessioned2007-01-27en_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-05-29T09:16:34Z
dc.date.available2007-01-27en_US
dc.date.available2009-05-29T09:16:34Z
dc.date.issued2007-01-27en_US
dc.description.abstractPURPOSE: To determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Acanthamoeba keratitis and also to determine the sensitivity and specificity of smears in the detection of Acanthamoeba. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of all culture-positive cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis seen between October 1999 and August 2002 was performed. Corneal scrapes were subjected to culture and microscopy using standard protocols. RESULTS: Out of 3183 consecutive patients with clinically diagnosed corneal ulcers evaluated, 33 (1.04%) were found to be due to Acanthamoeba. Twenty-four out of 33 (72.72%) were less than 51 years of age (P<0.001). All patients were from rural areas (P<0.001) and 26 (78.79%) of them were agricultural workers (P=0.031). All 33 had history of corneal injury (P<0.001) and 28 (84.85%) patients had injury with mud (P<0.001). All 33 (100%) patients had previous medical treatment (P=0.009) and 10 (30.3%) had used traditional eye medicines (P=0.183). A clinical pattern of ring infiltrate was characteristic in 15 (45.45%) patients. The diameter of the corneal ulcer was more than 6 mm in 27 (81.82%) eyes (P<0.001). Twenty-six (78.79%) patients had visual acuity of perception of light on initial presentation (P<0.001) and 24 (72.73%) had the same as their final visual outcome. The sensitivity of 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation was found to be higher (P<0.001) in the detection of Acanthamoeba cysts. CONCLUSION: The incidence of Acanthamoeba keratitis amongst the corneal ulcer patients was 1% in this setting and it was mainly due to corneal injury by mud. The KOH preparation is a sensitive diagnostic tool for the detection of Acanthamoeba. Delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis and inappropriate antimicrobial therapy results in poor visual outcome.en_US
dc.description.affiliationMicrobiology Research Centre, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu-627 001, India. jayahar@tvl.aravind.orgen_US
dc.identifier.citationBharathi JM, Srinivasan M, Ramakrishnan R, Meenakshi R, Padmavathy S, Lalitha PN. A study of the spectrum of Acanthamoeba keratitis: a three-year study at a tertiary eye care referral center in South India. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2007 Jan-Feb; 55(1): 37-42en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/71415
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.ijo.inen_US
dc.subject.meshAcanthamoeba Keratitis --complicationsen_US
dc.subject.meshCorneal Ulcer --etiologyen_US
dc.subject.meshEye Injuries --complicationsen_US
dc.subject.meshFemaleen_US
dc.subject.meshHumansen_US
dc.subject.meshHydroxides --therapeutic useen_US
dc.subject.meshIncidenceen_US
dc.subject.meshIndia --epidemiologyen_US
dc.subject.meshMaleen_US
dc.subject.meshMiddle Ageden_US
dc.subject.meshPotassium Compounds --therapeutic useen_US
dc.subject.meshRetrospective Studiesen_US
dc.subject.meshSensitivity and Specificityen_US
dc.subject.meshSoilen_US
dc.titleA study of the spectrum of Acanthamoeba keratitis: a three-year study at a tertiary eye care referral center in South India.en_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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