Biodosimetric analysis of head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy by dicentric chromosome aberration assay

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dc.contributor.authorAgarwal, Nayanen_US
dc.contributor.authorRathi, Arun K.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKapoor, Seemaen_US
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Kishoreen_US
dc.contributor.authorArora, Savitaen_US
dc.contributor.authorJindal, Ankuren_US
dc.contributor.authorPrabhat, Kumaren_US
dc.contributor.authorKaushik, Himanshien_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-30T11:56:02Z
dc.date.available2024-11-30T11:56:02Z
dc.date.issued2024-01
dc.description.abstractBackground: Biodosimetry is the quantification of absorbed radiation dose using biological material obtained from an exposed individual. Radiation can cause different types of chromosomal aberrations, including stable aberrations like translocations and unstable ones like micronuclei, dicentric chromosomes (DC), acentric, and ring forms. Dicentric chromosome assay has become the “gold standard” for cytogenetic biodosimetry due to its reproducibility, specificity (low baseline rates), and sensitivity to low doses. Using existing calibration curves and models obtained from in vitro irradiation of blood, the yield of DCs can be used to estimate the average whole?body absorbed dose. Purpose: To evaluate and compare the in vivo dose–response relation of DC aberration formation in peripheral blood lymphocytes of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) alone, cisplatin?based chemoradiation (CCRT), accelerated fractionation RT (AFRT), and CCRT with gefitinib (GCRT). Methodology: This prospective observational and analytical study was conducted from 2018 to 2021 in the Department of Radiation Oncology and Genetic Lab of tertiary care, teaching hospital after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Biodosimetric analysis was done weekly in patients undergoing RT (n = 20) versus CCRT (n = 20), CCRT (n = 12) versus AFRT (n = 12), and CCRT (n = 6) versus GCRT (n = 6). The yield of DCs was measured in blood samples taken before starting treatment, that is, day 0 and during RT on days 6, 11, and 16 in RT alone versus CCRT; on days 7 and 13 in CCRT versus AFRT; and days 6 and 11 in CCRT versus GCRT from a blood sample drawn 1–2 h after RT. Phytohemagglutinin?stimulated lymphocytes were cultured using heparinized blood in RPMI?1640 medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum. Cells were arrested at metaphase using demecolcine, harvested by centrifugation, mounted, and stained with Giemsa. Cytogenetic analysis was performed by analyzing at least 100 metaphases with well?spread chromosomes. DC aberrations and acentric fragments were identified and recorded. To standardize the findings as per the customized field for every patient, the mean DC yield per cm2 of the irradiated area was calculated and compared. Results: The mean yield of DC/cm2 in the CCRT group was greater than the RT alone group by 16.33%, 28.57%, and 18.68% on days 6, 11, and 16 of treatment, respectively. This difference between the two groups at day 6 (P = 0.001), day 11 (P < 0.001), and day 16 (P < 0.001) was found to be statistically significant. The mean yield of DC/cm2 in the CCRT group was greater than the AFRT group by 7.9% and 18.3% on days 7 and 13 of treatment, respectively. This difference at day 7 (P < 0.001) and day 13 (P < 0.001) was found to be statistically significant. The mean yield of DC/cm2 in the CCRT group was greater than the GCRT group by 22.7% and 21.8% on days 6 and 11 of treatment, respectively. The difference at day 6 (P = 0.01) was statistically significant but, on day 11 (P = 0.065) this difference was found insignificant. Conclusion: There is a dose?dependent increase in the yield of DCs in lymphocytes of HNC patients undergoing RT with subsequent fractions. Cisplatin?based chemoradiation is the superior method of treatment intensification radio?biologically proven by higher DC yield.en_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India; Head, Paediatrics Research and Genetic Lab, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsResearch Fellow, Paediatrics Research and Genetic Lab, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Radiotherapy, DMCH, Lahersarai, Darbhanga, Bihar, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, Maharashtra, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.citationAgarwal Nayan, Rathi Arun K., Kapoor Seema, Singh Kishore, Arora Savita, Jindal Ankur, Prabhat Kumar, Kaushik Himanshi . Biodosimetric analysis of head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy by dicentric chromosome aberration assay. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics. 2024 Jan; 20(1): 321-326en_US
dc.identifier.issn0973-1482
dc.identifier.issn1998-4138
dc.identifier.placeIndiaen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/238163
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherWolters Kluwer - Medknowen_US
dc.relation.issuenumber1en_US
dc.relation.volume20en_US
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2058_22en_US
dc.subjectBiodosimetryen_US
dc.subjectcytogeneticsen_US
dc.subjectdicentric assayen_US
dc.subjectradiobiologyen_US
dc.subjectradiotherapyen_US
dc.titleBiodosimetric analysis of head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy by dicentric chromosome aberration assayen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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