Acid-Base Imbalance and Dyselectrolytemia in Falciparum Malaria.
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Date
2014-08
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Abstract
Malaria is re-emerging as the major infectious killer and
it is the top priority tropical disease of the World Health
Organization. Indian sub-continent harbours a global threat
in the form of epicenter of multidrug resistant plasmodium
falciparum. High prevalence of Complicated Falciparum
Malaria in Costal Andhra Pradesh requiring ICU admission
with high morbidity and mortality prompted this study. 60
cases of falciparum malaria in 3 sub groups, i.e,
uncomplicated falciparum, severe falciparum with ARF,
severe falciparum without ARF are taken. In Group-II,
i.e, severe falciparum with ARF pts., mean serum
potassium is 5.06 -hyperkalemia, mean PaO2 and PaCO2
are 80.33 and 32.75 respectively and mean bicarbonate value
is 19.83, mean PH is 7.10, which reflects underlying
metabolic acidosis and compensatory respiratory alkalosis,
also mortality is 6 in Group-II out of total 9 deaths.
Hence electrolytes and acid-base disturbance, especially
hyperkalemia and acidosis are important cause of mortality
in severe falciparum malaria. In acute renal failure setting,
which is associated with both hyperkalemia and acidosis,
prognosis is worsened. “Humanity has but three great
enemies : fever, famine and war; of these by far the greatest,
by far the most terrible, is fever(William Osler).
Description
Keywords
falciparum malaria, dyselectrolytemia, acidosis, mortality
Citation
Das Karunakar, Sahoo Aswini kumar, Sastry Anand Sankar, Mahapatra Subash Chandra, Acid-Base Imbalance and Dyselectrolytemia in Falciparum Malaria. Indian Medical Gazette. 2014 Aug ; 148 (8): 283-287.