Fetal exencephaly arising as a result of preimplantation exposure to ammonium chloride.

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dc.contributor.authorSinawat, Sen_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-05-27T18:46:50Z
dc.date.available2009-05-27T18:46:50Z
dc.date.issued2001-06-15en_US
dc.descriptionChotmaihet Thangphaet.en_US
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of preimplantation exposure to 0.6 mM ammonium chloride on both preimplantation and postimplantation development of (F1 x F1) strain mouse embryos. METHOD: Two-cell stage mouse embryos were randomly allocated to culture in either M16 medium or M16 added with 0.6 mM ammonium chloride for 2 days before being transferred to 2.5 day pseudopregnant recipients. Embryo morphology was assessed after 1 and 2 days of culture. The recipient females were sacrificed on day 15.5 of gestation. The number of implantation sites, fetuses, moles and any gross abnormalities found were noted. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the number of embryos reaching morula stage after two days of culture between the two groups (chi2=0.86, P>0.05). Implantation and pregnancy loss rates between the two groups were within comparable ranges. Crown-rump length was significantly higher in the group of embryos exposed to ammonium chloride (t=2.46, P<0.05). There was one gross abnormality, exencephaly, detected in the experimental group (4.35% per fetus obtained). CONCLUSIONS: Besides the abnormal increase in fetal size, preimplantation exposure to ammonium chloride also resulted in gross abnormality, exencephaly. If such effects occurred in the course of human in vitro fertilization, it could be devastating. Further study in this aspect is, therefore, clinically very important in preventing unwanted abnormalities that could arise from human in vitro fertilization.en_US
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSinawat S. Fetal exencephaly arising as a result of preimplantation exposure to ammonium chloride. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 2001 Jun; 84(6): 821-30en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/39834
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.mat.or.th/journal/all.phpen_US
dc.subject.meshAmmonium Chloride --adverse effectsen_US
dc.subject.meshAnimalsen_US
dc.subject.meshCulture Media --adverse effectsen_US
dc.subject.meshEmbryonic Developmenten_US
dc.subject.meshFemaleen_US
dc.subject.meshMiceen_US
dc.subject.meshMice, Inbred C57BLen_US
dc.subject.meshMice, Inbred CBAen_US
dc.subject.meshNeural Tube Defects --chemically induceden_US
dc.subject.meshPregnancyen_US
dc.subject.meshRandom Allocationen_US
dc.titleFetal exencephaly arising as a result of preimplantation exposure to ammonium chloride.en_US
dc.typeEvaluation Studiesen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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