Human immunodeficiency virus type-2-A milder, kinder virus: An update.

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dc.contributor.authorKannangai, R
dc.contributor.authorDavid, S
dc.contributor.authorSridharan, G
dc.date.accessioned2012-12-17T06:12:40Z
dc.date.available2012-12-17T06:12:40Z
dc.date.issued2012-01
dc.description.abstractHuman immunodeficiency virus type-2 (HIV-2) belongs to the family retroviridae which is phylogenetically clusters with SIV SM from sooty mangabeys. This virus is morphologically similar to human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) but has got only a 40% homology at the nucleotide level. There is a distinct geographical distribution of HIV-2 unlike HIV-1. There are currently eight subtypes/groups identified with subtype/group A responsible for the majority of infections. HIV-2 shows a considerable difference in the course of the disease. Clinical, haematological and immunological evaluation of individuals infected with HIV-2 has shown the virus to be less pathogenic than HIV-1 although the exact mechanism underlying this difference is not well defined. Similar to HIV-1, the HIV-2 isolates also showed distinct replicative and cytopathic characteristics. The transmission rate for HIV-2 compared to HIV-1 is very low both by heterosexual route and mother to child transmission. The clinical signs and symptoms of immunodeficiency associated with HIV-2 are similar to the ones seen among the HIV-1-infected individuals and they can also progress to AIDS. It is naturally resistant to NNRTI and hence the diagnosis become important as it affects the treatment strategy. Similar to HIV-1, HIV-2 strains of infected individuals also show mutations that can cause drug resistance. The current evidence suggests that there is no protective effective for HIV-2 against HIV-1.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKannangai R, David S, Sridharan G. Human immunodeficiency virus type-2-A milder, kinder virus: An update. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2012 Jan-Mar; 30(1): 6-15.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/143887
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.ijmm.org/article.asp?issn=0255-0857;year=2012;volume=30;issue=1;spage=6;epage=15;aulast=Kannangaien_US
dc.subjectHuman immunodeficiency virus type-2en_US
dc.subjectHIVen_US
dc.subjectmutationsen_US
dc.subjectDrug resistanceen_US
dc.subject.meshAnti-HIV Agents --pharmacology
dc.subject.meshAnti-HIV Agents --therapeutic use
dc.subject.meshDisease Transmission, Infectious
dc.subject.meshDrug Resistance, Viral
dc.subject.meshHIV Infections --epidemiology
dc.subject.meshHIV Infections --pathology
dc.subject.meshHIV Infections --transmission
dc.subject.meshHIV Infections --virology
dc.subject.meshHIV-2 --classification
dc.subject.meshHIV-2 --genetics
dc.subject.meshHIV-2 --isolation & purification
dc.subject.meshHIV-2 --pathogenicity
dc.subject.meshHumans
dc.subject.meshPhylogeography
dc.titleHuman immunodeficiency virus type-2-A milder, kinder virus: An update.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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