Advances in origin, evolution, and pathogenesis of optic disc drusen: A narrative review

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dc.contributor.authorLiu, Xiyuanen_US
dc.contributor.authorYan, Yanen_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-19T05:52:07Z
dc.date.available2025-06-19T05:52:07Z
dc.date.issued2025-05
dc.description.abstractOptic disc drusen (ODD) is acellular calcified deposits found mainly in front of the lamina cribrosa within the optic nerve. It can cause chronic or acute vision loss. There has been progress in clinical diagnosis using ophthalmic multimodal imaging in recent years. We conducted a database search on PubMed and Google Scholar (April 2023) with no restrictions on publication year or language. We used the terms: (“optic disc drusen”) OR (“optic nerve head drusen”) OR (“drusen of optic nerve head”). Other terms included gene, mutation, scleral canal, axonal transport, calcinosis, mitochondria, blood vessel, vasculature, visual field, vision, and optical coherence tomography to identify publications. Etiologically, ODD may stem from congenital genetic defects, aberrant axoplasmic transport, anatomical abnormalities, and mechanical factors during ocular duction. Clinically, ODD is linked to progressive visual field defects and vascular complications. Detection of deeply buried ODD can be challenging, but advances in optical coherence tomography make early identification possible. Structural changes, including retinal nerve fiber layer thinning, can be monitored. Increasing reports indicate vascular complications, including anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, in ODD patients. Currently, ODD?related visual field defects are not effectively treated, and observation remains the primary management approach. Future pathological discoveries or the establishment of animal models may provide new evidence for revealing the pathogenesis of ODD.en_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsOttawa-Shanghai Joint School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Chinaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, Chinaen_US
dc.identifier.citationLiu Xiyuan, Yan Yan. Advances in origin, evolution, and pathogenesis of optic disc drusen: A narrative review. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2025 May; 73(5): 637-647en_US
dc.identifier.issn0301-4738
dc.identifier.issn1998-3689
dc.identifier.placeIndiaen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/249888
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherWolters Kluwer – Medknowen_US
dc.relation.issuenumber5en_US
dc.relation.volume73en_US
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_937_24en_US
dc.subjectAxoplasmic transporten_US
dc.subjectcalcificationen_US
dc.subjectmitochondriaen_US
dc.subjectoptic disc drusenen_US
dc.subjectoptical coherence tomographyen_US
dc.titleAdvances in origin, evolution, and pathogenesis of optic disc drusen: A narrative reviewen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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