Resurgence of diphtheria: clinical profile and outcome in a tertiary care hospital of South India

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dc.contributor.authorShetty, Ananya U.en_US
dc.contributor.authorChavan, Vinoden_US
dc.contributor.authorMatti, Mahanteshen_US
dc.contributor.authorKulkarni, Vijayen_US
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-24T07:47:24Z
dc.date.available2020-09-24T07:47:24Z
dc.date.issued2020-03
dc.description.abstractBackground: Diphtheria is a potentially fatal acute disease caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria. It was one of the leading causes of mortality in the pre vaccination era. This study is an attempt to highlight the clinical profile, outcome and demographic characteristics, immunization status of pediatric diphtheria cases in South India. Objective of the study was to analyze the clinical profile, immunization status and outcome in children with diphtheria admitted to the PICU in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India. The case records of all children admitted to the hospital between January 1st, 2014 to December 31st, 2018 with clinically suspected diphtheria were analyzed. The data was analyzed with respect to clinical features, demographic characteristics, immunization status, complications and outcome using appropriate statistical methods.Results: 18 cases were clinically suspected to have diphtheria. The average age of children presenting with diphtheria was 9 years. Out of the 18 cases, 11 were male, 7 were female. 16 out of 18 cases were from rural areas, whereas only 2 cases were from urban areas. Fever, sore throat and dysphagia were the presenting complaints in all cases. Neck swelling, white patch over tonsil and tender cervical lymphadenopathy were the other findings noted. Out of 18 cases, 7 were completely immunized, 8 were incompletely immunized and 3 were not immunized. Antidiphtheritic serum was given in 14 cases. Myocarditis, airway compromise and neurological deficits were the complications noted. Case fatality rate was 50%.Conclusions: Diphtheria still remains a major public health problem in developing countries like India. Mortality and morbidity due to diphtheria continues to be high despite ready availability of vaccines and antitoxin. Childhood immunization program, especially follow up and administration of booster doses must be prioritized.en_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Paediatrics, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.citationShetty Ananya U., Chavan Vinod, Matti Mahantesh, Kulkarni Vijay. Resurgence of diphtheria: clinical profile and outcome in a tertiary care hospital of South India. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2020 Mar; 7(3): 652-658en_US
dc.identifier.issn2349-3283
dc.identifier.issn2349-3291
dc.identifier.placeIndiaen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/204502
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherMedip Academyen_US
dc.relation.issuenumber3en_US
dc.relation.volume7en_US
dc.source.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20200695en_US
dc.subjectDiphtheriaen_US
dc.subjectImmunizationen_US
dc.subjectMyocarditisen_US
dc.subjectNeurological deficitsen_US
dc.subjectOutcomeen_US
dc.titleResurgence of diphtheria: clinical profile and outcome in a tertiary care hospital of South Indiaen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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