Availability and consumption status of CFC and non-CFC inhalers for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in Thailand.

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dc.contributor.authorBunnag, Chaweewanen_US
dc.contributor.authorVasanavathana, Sirinarten_US
dc.contributor.authorPunyaratabandhu, Poren_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-05-27T17:15:14Z
dc.date.available2009-05-27T17:15:14Z
dc.date.issued2006-12-02en_US
dc.descriptionPublished by the Allergy and Immunology Society of Thailand.en_US
dc.description.abstractIn response to the Montreal Protocol and the calls for global early-bird CFC phase-out before 2010, the demand and supply status of both CFC and non-CFC inhalers for prevention and treatment of asthma and COPD in Thailand were evaluated to determine how soon the country would be able to discontinue CFC MDIs with least impacts to both consumers and importers. Availability and supply of the inhalers were collected from registration and importation database of the Thai FDA. Demand and product cost were obtained from the local importers and from IMS, Thailand. Available inhaled products comprise of 39% CFC MDIs, 28% DPIs, 20% solutions for nebulizers and 13% HFA MDls, respectively. All 31 brands of portable hand-held inhalers, comprising 16 CFC MDIs, 6 HFA MDIs and 9 DPIs, are imported, only solutions for nebulization are locally manufactured. Salbutamol is mostly prescribed MDI, its consumption is over 50% of all. The transition to non-CFC alternatives (HFA MDIs and DPIs) has become evidence since 2000. After being informed about the demand and supply of the inhalers, in 2005, Thai FDA has announced its CFC phase-out policy and encouraged importation of HFA alternatives by facilitating the registration and approval process. When the most prescribing CFC MDls, salbutamol, is completely replaced with non-CFC form in 2006, Thailand would be able to reduce considerable amount of CFCs into our atmosphere.en_US
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. sicbg@mahidol.ac.then_US
dc.identifier.citationBunnag C, Vasanavathana S, Punyaratabandhu P. Availability and consumption status of CFC and non-CFC inhalers for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in Thailand. Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology. 2006 Jun-Sep; 24(2-3): 85-95en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/36787
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.subject.meshAir Pollutantsen_US
dc.subject.meshAlbuterolen_US
dc.subject.meshAsthma --drug therapyen_US
dc.subject.meshChlorofluorocarbonsen_US
dc.subject.meshChronic Diseaseen_US
dc.subject.meshDatabases, Factualen_US
dc.subject.meshGovernment Regulationen_US
dc.subject.meshLung Diseases, Obstructive --drug therapyen_US
dc.subject.meshNebulizers and Vaporizers --statistics & numerical dataen_US
dc.subject.meshSolutionsen_US
dc.subject.meshThailanden_US
dc.titleAvailability and consumption status of CFC and non-CFC inhalers for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in Thailand.en_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dc.typeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ten_US
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