Epidemiological Significance of the Breeding of Mosquitoes in Discarded Automobile Tyres in Zaria, Northern Nigeria.
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Date
2011-09
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Abstract
Waste automobile tyres are suitable receptacles of rainwater thus
capable of supporting the breeding of vector mosquito species in close
proximity to humans and altering disease transmission risks. Bionomics
of mosquitoes in carelessly discarded tyres was explored to unravel
species composition and abundance, physicochemical parameters of
microhabitats and epidemiological significance. Of the 1179 larvae
isolated from 90/212(42.45%) positive tyres were ten species belonging to
Aedes and Culex genera, including Aedes aegypti (46.56%), Culex
albiventris (0.25%), Cx. cinereus (0.25%), Cx. grahami (0.68%), Cx. ingrami
(1.44%), Cx. nebulosus (2.37%), Cx. mirificus (0.08%), Cx. pipiens pipiens
(0.17%), Cx. quinquefasciatus (47.07%) and Cx. tigripes (1.10%).
Abundance of the dominant Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus did not
differ significantly ( P > 0.05), but was higher than those of the other eight
species (P < 0.05). The microhabitat pH (range 5.20-9.50), total dissolved
solids (range 15-802ppm) and electrical conductivity (range 30-1603μscm-
1) were obtained in tyres. Abundance of Cx. quinquefasciatus correlated
positively and significantly with EC and TDS of breeding water (P <
0.05). The study revealed high potential of the transmission of filariasis
and arboviruses including dengue and yellow fever by mosquitoes
domiciled in waste tyres.
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Keywords
Mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, tyres, yellow fever, dengue, filariasis
Citation
Adebote D A, Kogi E, Oniye S J, Akoje F. Epidemiological Significance of the Breeding of Mosquitoes in Discarded Automobile Tyres in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Journal of Communicable Diseases. 2011 Sept; 43(3): 183-192.