Clinical presentation of patients with seasonal influenza and pandemic influenza A (H1N1-2009) requiring hospitalisation.
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Date
2013-01
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Abstract
Background. A sudden increase in the number of novel influenza A virus (pH1N1-2009) infection prompted us to compare
the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients infected with pH1N1-2009 and seasonal influenza A virus during the postpandemic
phase.
Methods. During the period August 13 to September 27, 2010, case records of 106 patients with severe influenza like illness
(ILI) and respiratory complications who underwent diagnostic testing by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
for confirmation of pH1N1-2009 were retrospectively studied.
Results. Nineteen (17.9%) patients were tested positive for pH1N1-2009 and 78 (73.6%) were tested positive for seasonal
influenza A virus. The mean age of patients infected with pH1N1-2009 was 45.2±15.3 years (range of 22 to 80 years).
Common presenting symptoms included fever in 17 (89.4%), cough in 16 (84.2%), myalgia in 15 (78.9%) and breathlessness
in 10 (52.6%) patients. The most common comorbidities included bronchial asthma/bronchitis/chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) in 4 (21%); followed by hypertension in 3 (15.8%) and diabetes in 3 (15.8%) patients. Overall,
of the 97 influenza infected patients, 9 (9.3%) needed hospitalisation to the intensive care unit (ICU); one patient with COPD
died due to multi-organ failure.
Conclusions. Both the pandemic and seasonal strains were found to be co-circulating in the community. Patients with severe
hypoxia, hypertension, acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock required ICU care.
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Keywords
Pandemic influenza H1N1, Comorbidity, ARDS, Intensive care
Citation
Pati Dibya Ranjan, Khanna Madhu, Kumar Binod, Kumar Prashant, Rajput Roopali, Saxena Latika, Sharvani, Gaur S N. Clinical presentation of patients with seasonal influenza and pandemic influenza A (H1N1-2009) requiring hospitalisation. The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied Sciences, 2013 Jan; 55(1): 15-20.