Comparing ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Coronavirus Vaccine (Recombinant) (Covishield) and BBV152; Bharat Biotech COVID-19 Vaccine (Covaxin) for COVID-19: Reports of Adverse Events Following Vaccination among the Indian Population
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Date
2025-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Wolters Kluwer – Medknow
Abstract
Background: COVID?19 is declared a global pandemic by the WHO; vaccines were the need of the hour to reduce mortality and return to some form of normal life. The Indian government provides two vaccines as per the program; ChAdOx1 nCoV?19 and BBV152; Bharat Biotech COVID?19 vaccine. However, vaccine hesitancy is a major public health concern. Objective: To evaluate the adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) after COVID?19 vaccination. The safety profile of ChAdOx1 nCoV?19 and BBV152 vaccine was also studied. Materials and Methods: This was a large?scale, cross?sectional survey. Beneficiaries who had their vaccination in the past 2 weeks were sent an online survey performa regarding AEFIs after COVID?19 vaccine. Results: Out of 2311 participants, 58% received ChAdOx1?nCoV?19 and 42% received BBV152 COVID?19 vaccine, with the mean ± standard deviation age (years) of 36.3 ± 14.5 and 16.9 ± 4.07, respectively. The previous history of COVID?19 infection was reported in 7% of the participants. In the ChAdOx1?nCoV?19 group, 85.3% participants reported at least one adverse reaction, with pain at site being the most common, followed by fever, fatigue, and feeling of unwellness. In the BBV152 group, 17% reported adverse reaction, with pain site being the most common, followed by tenderness, fatigue, and feeling of unwellness. In the BBV152 group, a significant positive association was observed between AEFIs and age. In the ChAdOx1?nCoV?19 group, age was marginally associated with AEFIs. AEFIs were more after first dose (121 vs. 43, P < 0.001, adjusted odds ratio (OR) =3.39 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.24–5.11], P < 0.001) among elderly (adjusted OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.36–0.99, P = 0.047) and women (721 vs. 423, P = 0.001, adjusted OR = 1.68 [95% CI: 1.24–2.29], P = 0.001). Conclusion: Our study observed that both ChAdOx1 nCoV?19 and BBV152 have a favorable safety profile without serious AEFIs in any of the beneficiaries.
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Keywords
Adverse events, BBV152, ChAdOx1 nCoV?19, COVID?19, vaccination
Citation
Kaur S, Rohilla L, Kayina CA, Kaur J, Kaur G, Walia A, Kumar P, Singh A, Saini S, Soni SL, Malhotra P. Comparing ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Coronavirus Vaccine (Recombinant) (Covishield) and BBV152; Bharat Biotech COVID-19 Vaccine (Covaxin) for COVID-19: Reports of Adverse Events Following Vaccination among the Indian Population. Indian Journal of Public Health. 2025 Mar; 69(1): 27-32