Adapalene pretreatment increases follicular penetration of clindamycin: in vitro and in vivo studies.

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dc.contributor.authorJain, Gaurav Ken_US
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Farhan Jen_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-05-28T08:00:41Z
dc.date.available2009-05-28T08:00:41Z
dc.date.issued2007-09-09en_US
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Topical retinoids normalize desquamation, reduce comedogenesis and may enhance the penetration of other topicals providing more effective treatment of acne. AIM: We evaluated the effect of adapalene on skin penetration of clindamycin phosphate when it is applied concomitantly or after various time durations following adapalene application. METHODS: The in vitro studies were carried out using excised rat skin, whereas the in vivo studies were conducted on healthy human volunteers. Radioactive clindamycin phosphate (1%) gel was applied to rat skin sections and to the hands of human volunteers concomitantly and after the pretreatment of the skin for 3, 5 and 10 min with 10 mg of adapalene (0.1%) gel. Quantification of clindamycin phosphate was performed by liquid scintillation. RESULTS: In vitro skin penetration and distribution of clindamycin phosphate was affected by the pretreatment time. Significantly higher skin concentration of clindamycin phosphate (15.5%) with largest proportion in viable skin layer (9.4% of applied dose) was found when clindamycin phosphate gel was applied after the pretreatment of the skin with adapalene gel for 5 min. Further increase in pretreatment time has no additive influence on the penetration of clindamycin phosphate. In vivo results were in corroboration with the in vitro results and demonstrate significantly higher concentration of clindamycin phosphate (19%) in the skin following pretreatment with adapalene gel for 5 min. Adapalene acts as a penetration enhancer and increases the penetration of topical clindamycin phosphate. CONCLUSION: Application of clindamycin phosphate gel after the pretreatment of skin with adapalene gel for 5 min may contribute significantly to the increased efficacy of therapy.en_US
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110 062, India. drgkjain@gmail.comen_US
dc.identifier.citationJain GK, Ahmed FJ. Adapalene pretreatment increases follicular penetration of clindamycin: in vitro and in vivo studies. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology. 2007 Sep-Oct; 73(5): 326-9en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/51976
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.ijdvl.comen_US
dc.subject.meshAdministration, Topicalen_US
dc.subject.meshAdulten_US
dc.subject.meshAnimalsen_US
dc.subject.meshAnti-Bacterial Agents --pharmacokineticsen_US
dc.subject.meshClindamycin --analogs & derivativesen_US
dc.subject.meshDrug Therapy, Combinationen_US
dc.subject.meshHumansen_US
dc.subject.meshKeratolytic Agents --pharmacologyen_US
dc.subject.meshMaleen_US
dc.subject.meshNaphthalenes --pharmacologyen_US
dc.subject.meshRatsen_US
dc.subject.meshSkin --radionuclide imagingen_US
dc.subject.meshSkin Absorption --drug effectsen_US
dc.subject.meshSodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m --diagnostic useen_US
dc.titleAdapalene pretreatment increases follicular penetration of clindamycin: in vitro and in vivo studies.en_US
dc.typeClinical Trialen_US
dc.typeIn Vitroen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dc.typeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ten_US
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