Neonatal mechanical ventilation.
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2003-07-28
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to analyze indications, complications, outcome and the factors influencing neonatal mechanical ventilation.
METHODS: Prospective observational study conducted on 102 consecutive newborns, who required mechanical ventilation in a medical college tertiary neonatal care setting.
RESULTS: The commonest indication was birth asphyxia (37.3%), followed by hyaline membrane disease (HMD) (31.4%), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) (21.2%), septicemia (14.7%) and apnea of prematurity (5.9%). The overall survival rate in our study was 51%. Babies weighing less than 1.5 kg and less than 32 weeks of gestation had survival rates of 30% and 25% respectively. The best outcome among various indications was observed in babies with MAS (63.6%) followed by pneumonia (62.5%) and HMD (53.1%). Babies with birth asphyxia and septicemia had a low survival rate of only 42% and 40% respectively. The overall complication rate in the study was 58.8%. Common complications encountered were septicemia (42%), tube block (36%) and air leak (15%).
CONCLUSION: About half (51%) of newborns requiring mechanical ventilations for various indications survived and more than half (58.8%) developed complications. The study also reconfirms that survival rate increases with birth weight and gestational age irrespective of indication.
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Riyas PK, Vijayakumar KM, Kulkarni ML. Neonatal mechanical ventilation. Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2003 Jul; 70(7): 537-40