Acid base and electrolyte disturbance in diarrhoea.

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dc.contributor.authorShah, G Sen_US
dc.contributor.authorDas, B Ken_US
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Sen_US
dc.contributor.authorSingh, M Ken_US
dc.contributor.authorBhandari, G Pen_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-05-28T04:08:48Z
dc.date.available2009-05-28T04:08:48Z
dc.date.issued2007-01-08en_US
dc.descriptionKathmandu University Medical Journal.en_US
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to study the frequency of electrolyte imbalance in children with diarrhoea and the relationship between electrolyte abnormalities and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective, observational hospital based study. Fifty seven children admitted to paediatric ward with diarrhoea and dehydration was evaluated for electrolyte and acid base status at presentation. The variables were analyzed using chi-square and student t- test. RESULTS: Majority (70%) of patients were below 2 years of age. There were 37 (65%) males and 20(35%) females. Electrolyte disturbance was observed in 46 (80%) patients while acid base disturbance was observed in all (100%) where the estimations were done. The major electrolyte disturbances noted were hyponatremia (56%), which was either isolated (26%) or associated with hypokalemia (26%). The second common abnormality was hypokalemia (46%) which was again either isolated (14%) or associated with hyponatremia (26%). About 10% patient had hypernatremia and about 3% had hyperkalemia. Twenty one (37 %) patients had mixed electrolyte imbalance. ABG analysis was performed only in 16 patients. Arterial blood gas analysis could be performed only in 16 patients. Metabolic acidosis was present in 15 (94%) while one (6%) had metabolic alkalosis. Out of 57, five patients (8.7%) expired. All of them had electrolyte abnormalities. Out of five patients who died one had isolated hyponatremia, 2 had hyponatremia + hypokalemia, while one each had hypernatremia + hypokalemia and hypernatremia+ hyperkalemia. Statistically significant mortality was observed in patients presenting with either hyponatremia or hypokalemia as compared to the group with normal electrolytes. CONCLUSION: Hyponatremia, hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis are common electrolyte and acid-base abnormalities in children with diarrhoea and dehydration and often responsible for mortality.en_US
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Paediatrics and Community Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. gaurisshah@yahoo.comen_US
dc.identifier.citationShah GS, Das BK, Kumar S, Singh MK, Bhandari GP. Acid base and electrolyte disturbance in diarrhoea. Kathmandu University Medical Journal. 2007 Jan-Mar; 5(1): 60-2en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/46494
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.kumj.com.npen_US
dc.source.urihttps://kumj.com.np/ftp/issue/17/60-62-Acid-base-and-electrolyte-disturbance-in-Diarrhea.pdfen_US
dc.subject.meshAcid-Base Imbalance --epidemiologyen_US
dc.subject.meshAdolescenten_US
dc.subject.meshChi-Square Distributionen_US
dc.subject.meshChilden_US
dc.subject.meshDehydration --epidemiologyen_US
dc.subject.meshDiarrhea --epidemiologyen_US
dc.subject.meshFemaleen_US
dc.subject.meshHumansen_US
dc.subject.meshMaleen_US
dc.subject.meshNepal --epidemiologyen_US
dc.subject.meshRetrospective Studiesen_US
dc.subject.meshWater-Electrolyte Imbalance --epidemiologyen_US
dc.titleAcid base and electrolyte disturbance in diarrhoea.en_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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