Retrospective hospital‑based analysis of age‑related macular degeneration patterns in India: 5‑year follow‑up.
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Date
2015-12
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Abstract
Purpose: To provide a detailed analysis of age‑related macular degeneration (AMD) with a 5‑year follow‑up
at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in India. Methods: In this retrospective institutional study, 408 eyes of 204
subjects (100 males) with a diagnosis of AMD with minimum 5‑year follow‑up were included. Data
collected included demographics, details of the ocular exam, special investigations performed, treatment
offered, complications, and systemic diseases, if any. Results: The median age was 74.24 ± 8.23 years.
Median follow‑up was 5.77 years. The visual acuity (VA) at baseline and last visit was 0.74 ± 0.12 (Snellen’s
equivalent 20/100) and 0.54 ± 0.12 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (Snellen’s equivalent 20/50;
P = 0.032) in patients with choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM). The most common complaint was
decreased vision (94.5%). AMD (any stage) was found to be bilateral in 93% of patients at baseline and
197 patients (96.56%) at 5 years. Seventeen eyes had active CNVM (12 of these were occult) at presentation. At
baseline, 43 eyes had a disciform scar. Three hundred twenty‑one eyes had dry AMD at baseline (geographic
atrophy ‑ 12 [3.7%] eyes). Five‑year conversion rate into wet AMD and geographic atrophy was 2.87% and
3.12%. Median number of anti‑vascular endothelial growth factor injections administered per patient was
2.8 ± 1.2. CNVM bilaterality was low (7.5%). Conclusion: Patients with AMD in India presented later in
the course of the disease. Bilateral advanced AMD and geographic atrophy were uncommon. Five‑year
conversion rate into wet AMD and geographic atrophy was 2.87% and 3.12%.
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Keywords
Age‑related macular degeneration, anti‑vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, hospital‑based analysis, India
Citation
Sudhalkar Aditya, Sethi Vaibhav, Gogte Priyanka, Bondalapati Sailaja, Khodani Mitali, Chhablani Jay Kumar. Retrospective hospital‑based analysis of age‑related macular degeneration patterns in India: 5‑year follow‑up. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2015 Dec; 63(12): 899-904.