Browsing by Author "Zhang, Linjie"
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Item Accuracy of parental and child's report of changes in symptoms of childhood asthma.(2005-12-21) Zhang, Linjie; Avila, Laila; Leyraud, Luciana; Grassi, Sinar; Raquel, T; Bonfanti, Thiago; Ferruzzi, EmersonThis cohort study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of parental and child's reports of changes in asthma symptoms. Fifty three asthmatic children and their parents were interviewed at enrollment and after 4 and 8 weeks. The outcomes were parental and child's reports of changes in asthma symptoms, changes in mean daily symptom scores and changes in pulmonary function. Among patients 6 to 10 years old, parental reports correlated more strongly than child's reports with changes in mean daily symptom scores (r: 0.54 vs 0.23). In patients aged 11 years or older, parental and child's reports correlated comparably with changes in mean daily symptom scores (r 0.63 vs 0.57). In both age groups, neither parental nor child's reports correlated significantly with changes in pulmonary function. The relatively low coefficient of correlation between parental,child report with symptom score suggests that these may not be very accurate reflections of change in asthma status. Nevertheless, for the age group 6 to 10 year, parental reports are more reliable than child reports, while both are comparable in the age group 11-18 years.Item Accuracy of parental and child's reports of changes in symptoms of childhood asthma.(2006-01-09) Zhang, Linjie; Avila, Laila; Leyraud, Luciana; Grassi, Sinar; Grassi, Sinar; T, Raquel; Bonfanti, Thiago; Ferruzzi, EmersonThis cohort study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of parental and child's reports of changes in asthma symptoms. Fifty three asthmatic children and their parents were interviewed at enrollment and after 4 and 8 weeks. The outcomes were parental and child's reports of changes in asthma symptoms, changes in mean daily symptom scores and changes in pulmonary function. Among patients 6 to 10 years old, parental reports were more strongly than child's reports to correlate with changes in mean daily symptom scores (r: 0.54 vs 0.23). In patients aged 11 yr or older, parental and child's reports were equally correlated with changes in mean daily symptom scores (r: 0.63 vs 0.57). In both age groups, neither parental nor child's reports were significantly correlated with changes in pulmonary function. Conclusion Parental reports of changes in asthma symptoms are more reliable than child's reports in patients under 11 yr. Among patients aged 11 yr or older, child's reports are so valid as their parents reports for clinical judgment of asthma control.Item Association between Dietary Habits and Asthma Severity in Children.(2015-01) Silveira, Denise Halpern; Zhang, Linjie; Prietsch, Silvio O M; Vecchi, Amilcare Angelo; Susin, Lulie Rosane OdehObjective: To investigate association between dietary habits and asthma severity in children. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Two teaching hospitals in Brazil. Participants: Cases (n=268) were children (3-12yr) with persistent asthma and age-matched controls (n=126) were those with intermittent asthma. Main outcome measures: Dietary habits were determined based on food consumption in the past 12 months classified as frequent (≥3 times per week) or infrequent (never or <3 times per week).Nutritional status was classified into two categories according to WHO Child Growth Standards: obese: >2Z-score of BMI-for-age; non-obese: ≤2Z-score of BMI-for-age. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, maternal smoking during pregnancy, preterm birth and obesity were significantly associated with persistent asthma, with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 2.11 (1.08- 4.13), 2.61(1.07-6.35) and 2.89 (1.49-5.61), respectively. No significant association was observed between frequency of consumption of specific foods, food groups, or dietary pattern (pro- or contra-Mediterranean diet) and the severity of asthma. Conclusions: This study did not find a significant association between dietary habits and asthma severity in children. Maternal smoking during pregnancy, preterm birth and obesity were independent factors associated with persistent asthma.Item Empiric antibiotic therapy in children with community-acquired pneumonia.(2008-07-13) Zhang, Linjie; Lovatel, Raquel; Nicolete, Dilvania; Sinzkel, Etienne; Matiello, Juliana; Staszko, Kamil; Lincho, CarlaOBJECTIVE: To assess the possible change of clinical response to empiric antibiotic therapy among children survivors hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia at a teaching hospital during 1991-2001. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study. The medical records of children (aged 29 days to 12 years) with diagnosis of presumed bacterial pneumonia at hospital discharge were reviewed and patients data were extracted, using standardized forms. The principal outcome was patients response to empiric antibiotic therapy. The secondary outcome was length of hospital stay. RESUltS: 893 patients were included for this study. Penicillin and derivatives were the most commonly used empiric antibiotics throughout the studied period. There was a slight but statistically significant increase in the mean rate of antibiotic failure from 1991-1998 to 1999-2001 (3.8% vs 11.4% P<0,001). The most common causes for antibiotic failure were inadequate coverage of initial antibiotics between 1991-1998 and presumed antibiotic resistance between 1999-2001. No significant difference was observed regarding the means of length of hospital stay during the whole studied period (P=0.08). CONCLUSION: Empiric antibiotic therapy was effective among children with community-acquired pneumonia treated at a teaching hospital between 1991-2001, inspite of a slight increase in the rate of presumed antibiotic resistance in later years.