Browsing by Author "Yasmin, M"
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Item Development and evaluation of co-agglutination test to detect rotavirus antigens in stools of patients with diarrhoea.(1995-04-01) Islam, M N; Hossain, M A; Rahman, M; Yasmin, M; Alam, A N; Hoque, M; Sattar, HRotavirus is the most common cause of acute diarrhoea in infants and children in both the developed and developing countries including Bangladesh. Information about rotavirus diarrhoea in Bangladesh is insufficient primarily due to the lack of diagnostic facilities due to the high cost of reagents and equipment and lack of skilled personnel. A simple, suitable and less costly technique of co-agglutination test using protein-A secreting staphylococci was developed and evaluated against a commercially available ELISA kit to detect rotavirus antigen in stools of patients with diarrhoea. Staphylococcus cowan strain 1 was grown and coated with rabbit antisera raised against RV5 and SA11 rotavirus strains. The antibody-coated staphylococci were agglutinated specifically by rotavirus present in faecal samples within one or two minutes. A total of 1332 stool specimens were tested by co-agglutination and ELISA, of which 210 (15.77%) were positive by ELISA and 276 (20.72%) by co-agglutination test. Compared to ELISA, sensitivity of co-agglutination test was 76.19%, specificity 89.66% and predictive values of a positive and a negative test were 57.97% and 95.26% respectively. The results indicate that the co-agglutination test is a simple and suitable technique for rapid screening of rotavirus infection which could be adopted in clinical practice.Item Epidemiological study and comparison of pyrantel and levamisole in the treatment of roundworm and hookworm infestations.(1982-06-01) Huq, F; Hamid, A A; Ali, S; Asaduzzaman, M; Yasmin, MStool examined for presence of nematodes from 467 school students in Dacca city showed 48% ova positive cases with 22% among them cases of mixed nematode infection. Highest prevalence of 58% was observed with roundworm and 5% was hookworm infestations. Among hookworm cases, Necator americana (68%) appears to be the predominant species. Two anthelmintics-pyrantel and levamisole achieved similar high cure rate (around 97%) and Egg reduction rate of 99% in roundworm infection. However, pyrantel was observed to be more effective in hookworm infestation (87% against 60%) particularly in Necator americana cases.Item Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale in Dhaka city.(1985-12-01) Huq, F; Yasmin, MItem Rapid detection of Haemophilus influenzae type b in Bangladeshi children with pneumonia and meningitis by PCR and analysis of antimicrobial resistance.(2001-12-22) Shoma, S; Rahman, M; Yasmin, MA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with primers from 'bexA' gene was compared with culture for the detection of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in clinical samples from children with pneumonia and meningitis. Of 200 sera (180 from pneumonia, 20 from non-pneumonia patients) tested by PCR (serum-PCR), Hib was detected in 15 of 16 blood culture-positive and in 6 blood culture-negative pneumonia cases. When compared with the results of blood culture, serum-PCR had sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy index of 93.7%, 96.7%, and 96.5% respectively. Of 120 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from meningitis patients tested by culture and PCR (CSF-PCR), the latter method could detect Hib in all 15 culture-positive and in 8 of 105 culture-negative cases, showing sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy index of 100%, 92.4%, and 94.4% respectively. The PCR result was available within a day. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Hib was determined by the disc-diffusion method. High rate of resistance to ampicillin (54.8%), chloramphenicol (48.4%), and co-trimoxazole (80.6%) was observed among 31 invasive Hib isolates with resistance to all 3 drugs (multiresistance) in 48.4% of the isolates. All the Hib isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone. The study has shown that PCR is a rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic test for Hib from clinical samples, and a combination of culture and PCR is necessary for the detection of Hib infections to the maximum extent for case management to reduce morbidity, mortality, and complications of the invasive Hib infections. A high prevalence of multiresistant Hib strains is a matter of concern.Item Seroprevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, CMV and HIV in multiply transfused thalassemia patients: results from a thalassemia day care center in Malaysia.(1998-12-20) Jamal, R; Fadzillah, G; Zulkifli, S Z; Yasmin, MRegular blood transfusions for patients with thalassemia have improved their overall survival although these transfusions carry a definite risk of the transmission of certain viruses. Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) leads to complications which contribute to the morbidity and mortality of patients with thalassemia. We analyzed the blood samples taken from 85 transfusion dependent thalassemics receiving treatment at the day care center in Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia and found that the seroprevalence rates for HBV, HCV and CMV were 2.4%, 22.4% and 91.8% respectively. None of the patients tested positive for HIV. Those positive for HBV and HCV will require further tests and treatment if chronic hepatitis is confirmed.