Browsing by Author "Tippawangkosol, Pongsri"
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Item Comparative assessment of the in vitro sensitivity of Brugia malayi infective larvae to albendazole, diethylcarbamazine and ivermectin alone and in combination.(2004-01-24) Tippawangkosol, Pongsri; Choochote, Wej; Na-Bangchang, Kesara; Jitpakdi, Atchariya; Pitasawat, Benjawan; Riyong, DoungratThe antifilaricidal drugs ivermectin (IVM), diethylcarbamazine (DEC), and albendazole (ALB), used alone or in combinations against infective third-stage larvae (L3) of nocturnally subperiodic (NSP) Brugia malayi (Narathiwat strain), were tested in vitro for sensitivity, for 7 days. IVM alone reduced larval motility at concentrations of 10(-7), 10(-6), and 10(-5) M on day 3. DEC alone also had this effect at concentrations of 10(-6). 10(-5), and 10(-4) M on day 2. ALB alone did not have this effect throughout the experiment, at various concentrations. However, it had greater effect when used in combination with either DEC or IVM. The result also indicated that DEC or IVM, when used in combination with ALB at concentrations of 10(-6) M/10(-6) M, and 10(-5) M/10(-5) M was effectively better than each drug used alone at those concentrations. When both drug combinations were compared, ALB/DEC seemed to be more effective than ALB/IVM at a concentration of 10(-6) M/10(-6) M on day 3. Although IVM and DEC can reduce larval motility when used alone or in combination with ALB, they cannot kill these larvae in an in vitro cultivation, even at a high concentration (10(-5) M).Item Comparison of two in vitro sensitivity tests for Plasmodium falciparum.(2006-01-15) Chaijaroenkul, Wanna; Tippawangkosol, Pongsri; Kuesap, Jiraporn; Congpuong, Kanungnit; Ruenweerayut, Ronnatrai; Suwandittakul, Nantana; Songthammawat, Dujdaw; Na-Bangchang, KesaraThe main purpose of the study was to compare the in vitro sensitivity results obtained from the two widely-used in vitro systems: (1) standard WHO micro-technique based on schizont maturation inhibition using fresh isolates (M-I), and (2) micro-technique based on incorporation of [3H]-hypoxanthine using culture-adapted isolates (M-II). The study was conducted during 1998 and 2002. A total of 473 Plasmodium falciparum isolates were collected from five highly malaria endemic areas of Thailand, ie, Mae Sot district, Tak (north-western), Kanchanaburi (western), Ranong (south-western), Ratchaburi (south-western) and Chantaburi (eastern) Provinces. The antimalarials tested were: mefloquine, quinine, chloroquine, artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin. The sensitivity results for mefloquine obtained from the two methods were significantly different from each other. The IC50 values for M-II was less than M-I. The median (95%C.I.) IC50 value for mefloquine using the M-II method was significantly lower [696.47 (393.11-1,233.2) nM] than for M-I [3,955.4 (1,035.61-5,108.9) nM]. The in vitro sensitivity results for quinine were significantly different from each other. The median (95% C.I.) IC50 value for M-II [161 (42-351) nM] was 2.5-fold that of M-I [66 (24-450) nM].Item Evaluation of crude antigen of Dirofilaria immitis third-stage larva for detection of antibody against Wuchereria bancrofti infection by indirect ELISA.(2003-09-24) Riyong, Doungrat; Choochote, Wej; Morakote, Nimit; Jitpakdi, Atchariya; Pitasawat, Benjawan; Keha, Prasert; Tippawangkosol, PongsriDirofilaria immitis is an important heart worm in dogs. An immunodiagnostic test is frequently applied to use an alternative antigen from other parasites. A crude antigen from infective third stage larva (L3) of D. immitis was employed in detecting the antibody to Bancroftian filariasis in humans by indirect ELISA. It was shown that 25 cases of Bancroftian filariasis (76%) at a cut-off value of 0.230, were positive. Cross-reactivity was tested using available sera of other helminthic infections. These sera were 47% (23/49) positive. They comprised a major intestinal helminthic infection, 7 from 15 (46%) strongyloidiasis sera, none from 5 (0%) hookworm infection sera, 6 from 10 (60%) trichinosis sera, 2 from 10 (20%) cysticercosis sera and 8 from 9 (88%) gnathostomiasis sera. The mean OD of sera from Bancroftian filariasis patients was not significantly different from that of the other helminthic infections (p>0.05). In this study, crude antigen may be valuable for the serodiagnosis of Wuchereria bancrofti when subjects do not have tissue helminth infections. However, the crude antigen should be purified to obtain a better sensitivity and specificity of the test.Item Identification of HLA-A24 restricted pre-erythrocytic stage specific T-cell epitopes using Plasmodium falciparum synthetic peptides: a preliminary study.(2009-01-28) Tippawangkosol, Pongsri; Duangchanda, Thitimonrat; Ubalee, Ratawan; Ruengweerayut, Ronnatrai; Hirayama, Kenji; Na-Bangchang, KesaraFourteen (9 amino acids) peptides of Plasmodium falciparum pre-erythrocytic stage antigens, namely, TRAP, CTRP, LSA-1, STARP and MSP-1, restricted to HLA-A24 and specific to T-cell response were identified. The antigen-specific IFN-gamma responses of these synthetic peptides in malaria exposed and non-malaria exposed healthy adult volunteers were detected using the ex vivo ELISPOT assay. Five peptides from TRAP and CTRP antigens significantly increased IFN-y responses of 1/9 in malaria-exposed volunteers. There is no statistically significant difference in positive T-cell response induced by any peptides in malaria exposed volunteers when evaluated as a group. The frequency of expressed HLA-A24 in malaria-exposed and non-malaria-exposed healthy adults living in northwest and central Thailand was 90% (27/30) and 100% (12/12), respectively. Although no association between positive T-cell response and HLA-A24 was found, due to the low number of positive responders achieved, one positive responder in malaria- exposed group was presented as HLA-24.Item Intraspecific hybridization of Anopheles minimus (Diptera: Culicidae) species A and C in Thailand.(2002-03-16) Choochote, Wej; Rongsriyam, Yupha; Leemingsawat, Somjai; Jitpakdi, Atchariya; Komalamisra, Narumon; Surathin, Kamhaeng; Somboon, Pradya; Chen, Bin; Wongkamchai, Sirijit; Jariyapan, Narissara; Tippawangkosol, Pongsri; Pitasawat, Benjawan; Riyong, DoungratHybridization tests of laboratory-raised, isolines of Anopheles minimus, species A and C were conducted by induced copulation. The three isolines were established based on three morphological variants of wild-caught, fully engorged females and two distinct types of metaphase chromosomes. They were An. minimus species A: V form (X1,Y1), M form (X2,Y1); species C: P form (X3,Y2). The results of reciprocal and back crosses indicated that the two morphologically variant forms of species A were genetically compatible, providing viable progeny and completely synaptic salivary gland polytene chromosomes, whereas they were genetically incompatible with species C and/or the P form. Hybrid progeny was only obtained from both forms of species A females x species C males, but asynaptic salivary gland polytene chromosomes on 3L and partial development of ovarian follicles in females were seen. Back crosses of F1 hybrid males with parental species A females provided viable progeny, while back crosses of F1 hybrid females with parental species C males provided progeny of low viability and adult males with abnormal spermatozoa, suggesting the partial reproductive isolation of An. minimus species A and C.Item Laboratory colonization of Aedes lineatopennis.(2005-11-28) Jitpakdi, Atchariya; Junkum, Anuluck; Pitasawat, Benjawan; Komalamisra, Narumon; Rattanachanpichai, Eumporn; Chaithong, Udom; Tippawangkosol, Pongsri; Sukontason, Kom; Puangmalee, Natee; Choochote, WejAedes lineatopennis, a species member of the subgenus Neomelaniconion, could be colonized for more than 10 successive generations from 30 egg batches [totally 2,075 (34-98) eggs] of wild-caught females. The oviposited eggs needed to be incubated in a moisture chamber for at least 7 days to complete embryonation and, following immersion in 0.25-2% hay-fermented water, 61-66% of them hatched after hatching stimulation. Larvae were easily reared in 0.25-1% hay-fermented water, with suspended powder of equal weight of wheat germ, dry yeast, and oatmeal provided as food. Larval development was complete after 4-6 days. The pupal stage lasted 3-4 days when nearly all pupae reached the adult stage (87-91%). The adults had to mate artificially, and 5-day-old males proved to be the best age for induced copulation. Three to five-day-old females, which were kept in a paper cup, were fed easily on blood from an anesthetized golden hamster that was placed on the top-screen. The average number of eggs per gravid female was 63.56 +/- 22.93 (22-110). Unfed females and males, which were kept in a paper cup and fed on 5% multivitamin syrup solution, lived up to 43.17 +/- 12.63 (9-69) and 15.90 +/- 7.24 (2-39) days, respectively, in insectarium conditions of 27 +/- 2 degrees C and 70-80% relative humidity.Item A simple technique for the in vitro cultivation of nocturnally subperiodic Brugia malayi infective larvae.(2002-03-16) Tippawangkosol, Pongsri; Choochote, Wej; Riyong, Doungrat; Jitpakdi, Atchariya; Pitasawat, BenjawanA simple system for the in vitro cultivation of nocturnally subperiodic Brugia malayi was developed. The manner of cultivation consisted of a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's medium and NCTC-135 medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum by using candle jar incubation at 37 degrees C instead of CO2 incubator. Changing the media: every 2 days, 3 days and changing media on day 7, then every 2 days produced a larval survival rate of 50% (70/140) on day 10, 49% (82/166) on day 6, and 53% (105/200) on day 9. With this technique, up to 50% of the infective stage larvae (L3) survived for up to 10 days and had long life for at least 27 days in all experiments with low larval survival rate in the fourth week. In addition, the culture system promoted molting L3 to fourth stage larvae (L4) after 7 days, as shown by light microscope.