Browsing by Author "Sundaram, K R"
Now showing 1 - 20 of 63
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Age at which chest circumference overtakes head circumference in children.(1995-01-01) Sundaram, K R; Seth, V; Jena, T K; Shukla, D KMaximum likelihood method with probit transformation was applied to estimate median age at which chest circumference (CC) overtook head circumference (HC) in 1206 children from rural areas of Ballabhgarh in Haryana and in 1505 children from a slum population in Delhi. The results showed that, in case of rural area, this phenomenon occurred at an average age of 31.36 months and in children from urban slums, at an average age of 28 months. In both the areas, this phenomenon occurred at an average age of 20 to 21 months in normally nourished children. In children with grade I malnutrition, this was delayed by about 10 months as compared to those with normal nutrition and in children with grade II or worse malnutrition, this was further delayed by another 9 to 13 months on an average as compared to those with grade I malnutrition. These differences were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). These results indicate that the longer the delay in CC overtaking HC, the chance is higher for the children to be severely malnourished. Considering the relative ease of measuring head and chest circumferences, this parameter (age of CC crossing HC) could be useful in assessing the long term trend in the improvement of childhood nutrition in developing countries.Item Anabolic steroids in aplastic anaemia.(1984-08-01) Kochupillai, V; Sharma, S; Sundaram, K RItem Antibodies to arboviruses in humans of Rajasthan.(1978-02-01) Shaikh, B H; Rodrigues, F M; Padbidri, V S; Gupta, N P; Sundaram, K R; Ghosh, S NItem Antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens in connective tissue disorders in India: prevalence and clinical correlations.(1989-12-01) Singh, R R; Malaviya, A N; Kailash, S; Varghese, T; Singh, H; Sundaram, K RAntibodies to Extractable Nuclear Antigens (ENAs) namely Sm, nRNP, SS-A and SS-B were studied in 397 patients with various connective tissue diseases (CTD), 146 patients with inflammatory polyarthropathies, 16 cases of systemic vasculitides, and 39 normal subjects using counterimmunoelectrophoresis and double immunodiffusion methods. Anti-ENA antibodies were positive in 40.8 percent cases of Systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 191), 36.4 percent of overlap CTD (OCTD, n = 44), 27.8 percent of Sjogren's syndrome (n = 18), 10.6 percent of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS, n = 66) and 2.7 percent of rheumatoid arthritis (n = 111) patients. The correlation of these antibodies with disease features was done. The significant finding was negative association of anti-nRNP antibodies (when present alone) with renal involvement. Anti-Sm antibodies did not correlate with any disease feature. The other associations included correlation of anti-nRNP with pulmonary parenchymal lesions, anti-SS-A with serositis and pulmonary hypertension, and anti-SS-B with myocarditis and recurrent diarrhoea. We conclude that Anti-ENAs may correlate with certain subsets of these diseases but the subject is controversial.Item Antispermatogenic effect of Ocimum sanctum.(1981-10-01) Seth, S D; Johri, N; Sundaram, K RItem Are diarrheal incidence and malnutrition related in under five children? A longitudinal study in an area of poor sanitary conditions.(1994-08-01) Anand, K; Sundaram, K R; Lobo, J; Kapoor, S KThis study was conducted in Atali and Garkhera villages of Faridabad district of Haryana to assess the relationship between diarrheal incidence and malnutrition. Two hundred and fifty children in the age group of 6-47 months were followed up for one year from June 1988. History of diarrheal episodes was ascertained by fortnightly home visits. Nutritional status (weight for age) of the children was assessed at the beginning of the study and at every four monthly interval. The mean diarrheal incidence was 2.88 +/- 1.28 episodes per child year. The pre-valence of moderate to severe malnutrition in the children was 35% out of which 8.8% were severely malnourished. Although severely malnourished children had 0.56 more episodes of diarrhea in a year compared to normally nourished, the difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, number of episodes of diarrhea also did not affect the subsequent nutritional status of the children. The possible reason for this could be that in areas of poor sanitary conditions, nutritional status may not play an important role in increasing the susceptibility of children to diarrhea.Item Association of vitamin A, zinc, selenium and magnesium with oesophageal cancer.(1998-10-06) Nayar, D; Kapil, U; Joshi, Y K; Sundaram, K R; Srivastava, S P; Shukla, N K; Tandon, R KItem Blood lipids in renal stone disorder.(1977-11-01) Varalakshmi, G; Sundaram, K R; Venugopal, AItem Blood pressure profile, urinary sodium and body weight in the 'Oraon' rural and urban tribal community.(1994-11-01) Dash, S C; Sundaram, K R; Swain, P KBlood pressure and nutritional profiles in the 'Oraon' tribal community of India living in rural and urban areas were studied between 1981-85 after a house to house survey of 4523 rural tribal people (RT) and 935 of their urban tribal counterparts (UT). Prevalence of hypertension was found to be 4.8/1000 males and 4.3/1000 females in rural tribal group giving an overall rate of 4.6/1000. In contrast the same were 27.1/1000 males and 21.4/1000 females in UT group, overall rate being 25.6/1000. Average calorie consumption were 1750 and 2280 and mean 24 hour-urinary sodium excretions 58 and 118 milliequivalents in RT and UT groups respectively. Of the total of 21 subjects in RT and 24 in UT detected to be hypertensive, 7 had common family inheritance. Increased mean arterial pressure correlated with increased sodium consumption and body weight. Hypertensives from both the groups showed higher urinary sodium excretion (P < 0.05). This epidemiologic study proves the role of a genetic factor/defect complicated by higher salt consumption in causation of increased blood pressure.Item Cell mediated immune response in childhood tuberculosis.(1981-01-01) Seth, V; Malaviya, A N; Sahai, V; Arora, N; Sundaram, K RItem Changing trends in intrauterine growth curves.(1991-03-01) Singhal, P K; Paul, V K; Deorari, A K; Singh, M; Sundaram, K RItem Construction of growth reference standards for urban slum children in developing countries.(1990-10-01) Seth, V; Rai, A; Gupta, M; Semwal, O P; Patnaik, K K; Sundaram, K RA cross-sectional sample of 2987 children in the age group of 1 to 10 years were selected from urban slums of Delhi for measurement of weight and height. Males and females were 53 and 47% respectively. Mean weight and height were calculated for both the sexes. Comparison of percentiles of weight and height with NCHS and ICMR standards showed that the 75th percentiles weight and height of the present study were comparable with 80 and 90% of 50th percentile of NCHS respectively. Hence, upper 25% of the sample arranged in ascending order of magnitude were used for the construction of reference standards of weight and height. Comparison of percentiles drawn from the top 25% of the sample demonstrated that 50th percentile of the present study corresponded to 80% of 50th percentile of the NCHS for weight and 90% of 50th percentile of NCHS of the height for both boys and girls. Also the 50th percentile of ICMR for weight and height for both the sexes. Standards constructed from such sample would be better suited for two important uses: (i) monitoring of Nutrition Programme, and (ii) to detect a child with abnormal growth at the earliest.Item Correlates of mortality among hospital-born neonates with birth asphyxia.(1997-03-01) Paul, V K; Singh, M; Sundaram, K R; Deorari, A KBACKGROUND: Birth asphyxia is a major cause of neonatal mortality. An understanding of the determinants of mortality among asphyxiated neonates will help formulate effective management protocols. METHODS: One hundred and fifty consecutive neonates with birth asphyxia (apnoea or gasping respiration at 1-minute of age) were prospectively studied. The association of the outcome variable, namely, mortality before discharge, was documented in relation to a number of clinically important risk factors. RESULTS: The neonatal mortality of 24.7% (37/150) among asphyxiated neonates was 34.5-times compared to that of the non-asphyxiated population (p < 0.001). The mortality rates in preterm-and term-asphyxiated neonates were 47.8% and 6%, respectively (p < 0.0001). The relative risk of mortality increased progressively with increased birth-weight. On univariate analysis, prematurity, low birth-weight, respiratory distress, severity of asphyxia, hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, apnoea, acidosis and seizures were found to be significant risk factors of death. However, on step wise regression analysis, prematurity emerged as the most significant determinant of mortality. The highest positive predictive value (58.3%) for mortality was documented for hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION: A significant reduction in mortality among asphyxiated neonates will require aggressive management of prematurity-related neonatal complications and hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.Item Correlation of estrogen receptor protein and histopathologic characteristics in 175 cases of breast carcinoma.(1987-07-01) Ahluwali, C K; Verma, U; Sundaram, K R; Verma, KItem Delayed hypersensitivity after BCG in preschool children in relation to their nutritional status.(1981-09-01) Seth, V; Kukreja, N; Sundaram, K R; Malaviya, A NItem Diagnosis of recurrence of rheumatic fever in rheumatic heart disease--a re-evaluation of Duckett Jones Criteria.(1976-11-01) Mathur, K S; Wahal, P K; Hazra, D K; Singh, M M; Sundaram, K RItem Differential cell-mediated immune response to S. mutans in children with low and high dental caries.(1993-08-01) Parkash, H; Sharma, A; Banerjee, U; Sidhu, S S; Sundaram, K RRole of cell-mediated immune response (CMI) in dental caries was studied in 171 subjects, comprising of 86 children with low caries (LC), 31 with high caries (HC), and 54 age matched controls. [3H]thymidine mediated lymphoblast transformation test (LTT) using mutans streptococci antigen as stimulant was used to study the stimulation index (SI) of in vitro cultured lymphocytes from these children. The analysis revealed low stimulation index in high caries children whereas low caries children exhibited high stimulation index normally ranging between 2 to 6. The findings indicated that low caries children had strong CMI response as compared to high caries children. Although, the findings are based on limited number of samples, it certainly lays emphasis on protective or regulatory role of CMI in different phases of dental caries.Item Effect of food supplementation in the last trimester of pregnancy and early post-natal period on maternal weight and infant growth.(1983-03-01) Bhatnagar, S; Dharamshaktu, N S; Sundaram, K R; Seth, VItem Effect of low dosage of polidocanol in treatment of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients.(1988-12-01) Bhargava, D K; Dwivedi, M; Acharya, S K; Sundaram, K RItem ESR and iron status in pregnancy.(1997-10-28) Madan, N; Kapoor, S; Rusia, U; Sharma, S; Nayyar, V L; Sundaram, K R; Sood, S KESR (Westergen) correlated significantly with the iron status (as measured by Hb concentration, haematocrit, red cell count, MCH, P/H ratio, serum iron, TIBC and percent saturation of transferrin) in a group of pregnant women (PW) at term. Serum ferritin correlated negatively with the ESR but the correlation was not statistically significant. Serum ferritin levels of < 50 micrograms/L were present in 9 (34.6%) PW with ESR > or = 50 mm 1st hour and 5 (19.2%) PW with ESR < 50 mm 1st hour. The mean ESR in PW was 55.7 (+/- 22.9) and was > or = 50 mm 1st hour in 50% and < 75 mm 1st hour in 82.7%. The difference in the mean ESR in anaemic and nonanaemic PW was highly significant (p < 0.001), 87.5% anaemic PW with serum ferritin > 50 micrograms/L had ESR > or = 50 mm 1st hour, suggesting the possible effect of chronic infection in raising ferritin levels in these PW.