Browsing by Author "Sujitra Tiansawad"
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Item Development of Thai Nurses’ Caring Behavior Scale(Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-03) Suphaphon Udomluck; Ouyporn Tonmukayakul; Sujitra Tiansawad; Wichit SrisuphanThis study aimed to develop a Thai nurses’ caring behavior scale and test its psychometric properties. Construction of the Thai Nurses’ Caring Behavior Scale (TNCBS) consisted of two phases. Phase I involved identifying the meaning and dimensions of Thai nurses’ caring behaviors; generating an item pool; providing the format for measurement; review of items for content validity by experts; testing for internal consistency and stability; and, examining face validity. Information from these activities lead to development of a 63 item instrument, consisting of 6 dimensions (effective communication; respect; support; being with; doing for; and, utilizing professional knowledge and skills), that used a 4 point Likert-like format response pattern. Phase II involved testing the psychometric properties of the TNCBS. Seven hundred and fifty eight professional nurses from 10 institutions, including one university teaching hospital, two regional hospitals, three general hospitals and four community hospitals, responded to the 63 item scale. Explanatory factor analysis with varimax rotation was used to analyze the scale’s construct validity and found to be acceptable. Due to redundancy of some items, the final version of the TNCBS was reduced to 57 items. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the overall scale was 0.98 and that of the six subscales was 0.86 to 0.93. The results indicated acceptable validity and reliability of the final version of the scale.Item Development of the Body Image Self-Schema Scale and the Body Image Possible Selves Scale for Thai Middle-Aged Women(The Thailand Nursing Council, 2010-03-25) Parichart Rangkakulnuwat; Linchong Pothiban; Bonnie L. Metzger; Sujitra Tiansawad; Somchai TeaukulBody image is related to various health behaviors and psychological status. Nowadays the number of obese Thai middle-aged women is rising and body image is the primary concern for people who seek to reduce their weight. Cognitive measures related to body image of Thai women have not been found. This study was designed to develop and examine the psychometric properties of two scales: The Body Image Self-Schema Scale (BISSS) which is used for assessing the current thoughts about the body and the importance individuals place on it and the Body Image Possible Selves Scale (BIPSS) which is used for assessing the future thoughts of the body, hopes and fears. An instrument development design was used. Convenience sampling was employed to recruit 507 Thai women aged 40-60 years with different weights working in both public and private sectors to participate in this study. Seven steps of the instrument development process included identifying the body image concept, generating the items, determining the format, reviewing the items by six experts, testing of face validity, construct validity, concurrent validity, and reliability. The BISSS is a 27-item 7-point semantic differential (evaluative part) and 5-point Likert scale (important part), while the BIPSS is a 27-item 5-point Likert scale and composed of Hoped for and Feared subscales. Both scales comprise eight dimensions, namely feelings about the body, size estimation, facial features, attractive looks, physical fitness, weight regulation, general appearance, and body shape. The new scales demonstrate an acceptable content validity index and construct validity. Their concurrent validity with the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults developed by Mendelson, White, and Mendelson, and the Figure Rating Scale developed by Collins, was also reported. The BISSS and the BIPSS developed in this study can be used as research and clinical tools regarding body image of Thai middle-aged women.Item Health Meanings and Practices among Midlife Professional Thai Women(The Thailand Nursing Council, 2010-03-30) Jantararat Chareonsanti; Sujitra Tiansawad; Chawapornpan Chanprasit; Christine V. Newburn–Cook; Kaysi Eastlick KushnerMidlife professional women face many challenges including changes in physical functions, chronic illness and increasing demands from both professional and family roles. Understanding women’s health meanings and health care practices within their sociocultural context is important. A qualitative research design, informed by general principles of feminist inquiry, was used to explore the experiences of professional women regarding their health meanings and health care practices. Twenty midlife professional Thai women, working as teachers and nurses in northern Thailand, were recruited purposively between May 2005 and February 2006. In-depth individual interviews were conducted and data were processed based on Morse and Richards’ analysis guide. Results included the themes: “being able to maintain normality,” as the meaning of health; and, “rearranging my way of life,” as the health care practices. “Being able to maintain normality” was found to be the women’s ability to manage multiple roles productively and capability of having a normal state of physical functioning and emotional stability. “Rearranging my way of life” was evidenced through the women’s readjustment of their eating styles, initiation of consumption of nutrients and vitamin supplements, effort to have more exercise, precautionary accident risk activities and modification of known ways of reducing stress. Findings have significant implications for policy-makers and health care professionals to provide health promotion programs which consider the meaning of health and health care practices for women.Item Predictors of Early Stages of Smoking Uptake among Thai Male Adolescents(The Thailand Nursing Council, 2010-03-30) Pornnapa Homsin; Wichit Srisuphan; Joanne M. Pohl; Sujitra Tiansawad; Jayanton PatumanondSmoking uptake is a complex behavioral process comprised of several stages and remains a major public health problem, especially among Thai adolescents. Specific intrapersonal, attitudinal and social factors may function differently at various stages of smoking uptake. Thus, this study of 1,012 predominantly Buddhist Thai male secondary school students, who were living with their parents and had an average age 12.72 years, aimed to: identify the prevalence of various early stages of smoking uptake , examine predictors of various early stages of smoking uptake, and examine predictors of progression from one early stage of smoking uptake to another . Most were in the non-susceptible pre-contemplation stage, followed by the stages of initiation/tried, susceptible pre-contemplation, experimentation/addiction, and contemplation/preparation. Predictors of the susceptible pre-contemplation stage were: prevalence estimate, attitude toward smoking, parental approval of smoking and parental smoking. Tried stage predictors included: offers of smoking, attitude towards smoking, peer smoking and level of academic success. Predictors of the experimentation/addiction stage involved: attitude toward smoking, offers of smoking, peer smoking, parental smoking and level of academic success. Offers of smoking and parental approval of smoking were factors influencing advancement from the susceptible pre-contemplation stage to the initiation/tried stage, while peer smoking and attitude toward smoking predicted transition from the initiation/tried stage to the experimentation stage. Since only two students were in the contemplation/preparation stage, made the number was too small to demonstrate any significant findings, no predictors of this stage were calculated. The findings may prove useful in developing primary prevention smoking programs for Thai male adolescents.