Browsing by Author "Singh, V K"
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Item Anterior fontanel size.(1994-02-01) Mathur, S; Kumar, R; Mathur, G P; Singh, V K; Gupta, V; Tripathi, V NAnterior fontanel size was determined in a cross-sectional study of 445 infants ranging in age from newborn period to 2 years. The mean anterior fontanel size in neonates was 3.37 +/- 0.61 cm which decreased to 0.37 +/- 0.06 cm in 24 months age group. The age of closure of anterior fontanel was 12, 18 and 24 months in 40%, 70.4% and 91.3%, respectively.Item Body composition & cardiovascular functions in healthy males acclimatized to desert & high altitude.(2009-02-19) Singh, V K; Vats, Praveen; Kishnani, S; Pramanik, S N; Singh, S N; Singh, Shashi Bala; Banerjee, P KBACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Several physiological changes affecting physical fitness occur in humans whenever they are exposed to extremes of environments such as heat, cold and high altitude (HA). The present study was undertaken to evaluate effect of stay in desert and HA on physical fitness and body composition of physically active individuals. METHODS: Study was conducted on three groups of male soldiers (n=30 in each group) at different climatic conditions i.e., temperate (plains of north India), hot desert (Rajasthan), and HA (3600 m) in Western Himalayas. Subjects were acclimatized to hot and HA environments and had similar BMI (body mass index). Body fat, lean body mass, haemoglobin levels were determined along with, blood pressure and physical fitness index (PFI). RESULTS: The body fat of subjects at temperate, desert and HA was found to be 15.4, 12.8 and 16.9 per cent respectively. The resting heart rate and blood pressure were higher in altitude group in comparison to others. PFI score of volunteers at temperate, desert and HA were found to be 97.4 +/- 10.3, 92.4+/- 14.4 and 83.8 +/- 6.2 respectively. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: A combination of different factors i.e., higher resting pulse rate, increased blood pressure and body fat may be responsible for lower PFI at HA. The observed differences in body fat content of different groups could be an adaptive feature to the environment.Item C-reactive protein as an indicator of complications in bacterial meningitis.(1996-05-01) Singh, U K; Sinha, R K; Suman, S; Singh, V KOBJECTIVE: To determine the value of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) estimation in the follow-up of bacterial meningitis (BM). DESIGN: Longitudinal follow-up. SETTING: Urban hospital. METHODS: Sequential serum CRP estimation was done in 50 healthy children and in 100 children with BM. Serial serum CRP value was correlated with the clinical picture in BM. RESULTS: Serial serum CRP in 14 patients with complicated BM was significantly different than the 72 uncomplicated BM cases. CONCLUSIONS: Serial determination of serum CRP may be a cheap, simple and reliable prognostic indicator in BM.Item Cellular immune response to retinal S-antigen & interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein fragments in idiopathic human uveitis.(1996-04-01) Rajasingh, J; Singh, V K; Singh, V; Sharma, K; Agarwal, S SThe role of retinal antigens in idiopathic human uveitis has been studied in 38 patients of uveitis, and 30 patients of systemic connective tissue disease (CTD) and 30 healthy volunteers. Lymphocyte proliferative responses were tested in vitro against native S-antigen, its uveitopathogenic peptides (peptide M, peptide G), yeast histone H3 peptide and uveitopathogenic fragment of interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP: R16) to establish their role in pathogenesis of human uveitis. Seven patients with uveitis, and none among CTD patients and healthy volunteers, responded (stimulation index > 3) to at least one retinal antigen used. One uveitis patient showed response to native S-antigen, peptide M and yeast histone H3. One responded to both S-antigen and peptide M and another responded to both peptide G and R16 peptide. Two responded to S-antigen only, one to peptide M and one to peptide G. In addition, one uveitis patient responded to yeast histone H3 only. These results suggest that retinal antigens may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of a subset of idiopathic human uveitis.Item Cholestatic jaundice caused by trimethoprim.(1991-05-01) Singh, U K; Singh, V KItem Circulating immune complexes in pre-eclampsia.(1991-09-01) Jain, A; Rohatgi, P; Singh, V K; Sharma, M KSerum samples from 20 non-pregnant women, 30 women with normal pregnancy and 50 women with pregnancy associated with pre-eclampsia were tested for circulating immune complexes using the polyethyleneglycol precipitation method. A highly significant positive correlation was found between circulating immune complexes and severe pre-eclampsia (BP greater than 140/90 mm Hg, albuminuria greater than 0.25 g/l). In contrast to this the difference in immune complex levels between non-pregnant subject, normal pregnancy cases and patients with mild pre-eclampsia was not statistically significant. A significant positive correlation was found between the level of circulating immune complexes and the severity of albuminuria. These findings suggest that circulating immune complexes, though not seeming to play an aetiological role in pre-eclampsia may very well be involved in its pathogenesis.Item Congenital transmission of kala-azar.(1987-06-01) Mittal, V; Sehgal, S; Yadav, T P; Singh, V KItem Detection of antibodies to Taenia solium in sera of patient with epilepsy using ELISA.(2001-03-20) Mittal, V; Singh, V K; Ichhpujani, R LEnzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for detection of antibodies to cysticerci of Taenia solium in patients suffering from suspected neurocysticercosis. Serum antibodies to cysticercosis were detected in 10.4% of the patients. Antibodies were absent in healthy controls. No cross-reactivity was observed in sera from patients with other parasitic diseases viz. toxoplasmosis, filariasis and kala-azar. However sera from patients with hydatid disease showed cross reactions in 20%. Age group distribution showed gradual non-significant increase in seropositivity rates with advancing age. No significant gender difference, was observed. Analysis of dietary habits of patients showed statistically significant difference in seropositivity rates in non-vegetarians (15.4%) as compared to vegetarians (6.9%) (P value < .001).Item Effect of salbutamol on premature labour.(1990-09-01) Singh, V K; Sharma, M; Rohatgi, PSalbutamol, a beta-adrenergic stimulant, with a property of smooth muscle inhibition has been used in prevention of premature labour on 40 patients. To 540 ml of 5% dextrose solution 5 mg of salbutamol was added. The infusion was started at the rate of 10 drops per minute and then increased by 10 drops every 5-10 minutes, until uterine contractions ceased. It was observed that in 62.5% patients pregnancy was prolonged for more than 7 days and in 80% for more than 3 days. The mean gain in days was 14.8 days and the maximum was 48 days. The drug was more effective in patients with cervical dilatation less than 2 cm and with uterine contractions less than 3 per 10 minutes.Item Effects of air-flow limitation on the electrocardiogram in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD).(1989-01-01) Singh, V K; Jain, S KElectrocardiographic studies have been carried out in one hundred and thirty patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The possible influence of air-flow limitation, alveolar air trapping, hypoxaemia and hypercapnia on the electrocardiographic findings indicative of right-sided cardiac involvement have been investigated. Thus, the findings: P greater than 2.5 mm, P-axis over +90 degrees, QRS axis over +90 degrees, RV6 less than or equal to 5mm and R/S ratio in V5 V6 less than or equal to 1.0 showed a significant negative correlation with FEV1/FVC ratio. The other features like Ta waves, negative P in AVL, S greater than 5 mm in depth in V5-6 and S1,S2,S3 pattern were observed to be less frequent and correlated weakly with the severity of the disease as judged by the lung function status. The reduction of FEV1/FVC was associated with increased residual volume (air trapping), hypoxaemia and hypercapnia. It is concluded that the ECG changes indicative of right-sided cardiac involvement may be produced by a combination of increased alveolar air trapping and blood gases derangement.Item Experimental autoimmune uveitis as animal model for human posterior uveitis.(1998-02-16) Singh, V K; Biswas, S; Anand, R; Agarwal, S SUveitis is an intraocular inflammatory disease that mostly affects children and young adults. It is one of the major causes of blindness in young individuals in India and the world. It is responsible for about 10 per cent of total visual impairment. Unfortunately, etiological diagnosis is not evident in a majority of these patients. It is generally felt that autoimmune mechanism may be involved in so called 'idiopathic' cases which has led to search for the putative autoantigens in experimental animal models. It has been demonstrated that experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) can be elicited against several retinal proteins in rats, mice and sub-human primates. These include the S-antigen, a major protein on retinal photoreceptor cell, interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) and several others. There are many similarities between clinical entities and the EAU, but the EAU differs from the clinical conditions in being self-limited, and requiring complete Freund's adjuvant for induction of the disease. The disease can be induced only in susceptible strains. Nevertheless, use of the EAU model has allowed for identification of disease causing epitopes of antigens and evaluation of disease modifying strategies which could be applied in clinical situations. There has been significant progress in this field, but still a lot more is required to be learnt to translate it into clinical practice.Item Fermentative production and isolation of L-asparaginase from Erwinia carotovora, EC-113.(1993-02-01) Maladkar, N K; Singh, V K; Naik, S RL-Asparaginase, an enzyme-drug used for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia was isolated from Erwinia carotovora. The effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the fermentative production of the enzyme were studied. Lactose, monosodium glutamate, corn steep liquor, tryptone and yeast extract showed significant stimulation of the production. When L-asparagine (0.2%), a substrate of the enzyme was added to a fermentation medium, a mutant strain EC-113 exhibited 6 times higher production indicating a distinct induction. The enzyme was extracted from the cells and purified about 30 fold to apparent homogeneity employing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The methods used in sequence were DEAE cellulose chromatography, sephadex G-200 gel filtration, hydroxylapatite ion-exchange and affinity chromatography on sepharose CL-6B. The recovery of enzyme was 60%. The purified enzyme showed optimal pH at 8.0 and optimal temperature at 50 degrees C. The Km value of purified enzyme was 1.8 x 10(-5) M. LD50 of purified enzyme in mice by intravenous route was 4,80,000 IU/Kg and repeated treatment at 20,000 IU/Kg by intravenous route did not elicit bone marrow depression or damage to intestinal mucosa. The plasma half life was 14-24 hours and clearance time was 4-5 hours. Purified enzyme shows significant antitumor activity on experimental animal models.Item Fungitoxic studies on bark extract of Lawsonia inermis against ringworm fungi.(1989-02-01) Singh, V K; Pandey, D KDuring screening of barks of 30 plants species against Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, only Lawsonia inermis exhibited absolute toxicity. The Lawsonia bark extract was found to possess fungistatic nature at its maximum inhibitory dilution of 1:30 (W/V) against both the test pathogens but, become fungicidal at 1:10 (W/V). The extract showed broad fungitoxic spectrum when tested against 13 ring worm fungi. Further the fungitoxicity of the extract remained unaltered at high temperature, on autoclaving and after long storage.Item Humoral response to rabies vaccines in pet dogs.(2007-06-15) Singh, V K; Tiwari, K N; Mohan, Bhardwaj; Mala, Chabbra; Rana, U V S; Ichhpujani, R LHumoral immune response was studied in dogs vaccinated with different tissue culture vaccines commonly used for immunization of dogs in India. The results revealed that after single dose of vaccination only 56% dogs developed protective titer (> or = 1:8). The response of the three vaccines used in the study was not similar, highlighting the need to maintain post marketing surveillance.Item Immunodiagnosis of Kala-azar by ELISA using intact promastigote.(1988-12-01) Mittal, V; Sehgal, S; Singh, V KItem Impact of passive smoking.(1996-03-01) Singh, U K; Suman, S; Singh, V K; Sinha, R KItem Indomethacin toxicity in the presence of interferon or interferon inducer.(1981-10-01) Singh, V K; George, C X; Gupta, B MItem Laser range finder can cause retinal injury.(2004-06-31) Sunder, K Shaym; Shetty, Nitin; Singh, V K; Chaudhary, V S; Sharma, SumitaItem Molecular Modeling and Docking Studies of Cold Active Lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens.(2015-01) Gupta, G N; Singh, V K; Prakash, VMolecular Modeling is essential tool in the drug design process describes the generation, manipulation or representation of 3D structures of the molecules and associated physico-chemical properties while docking predicts the preferred orientation of one molecule to a second when bound to each other to form a stable complex. A cold active lipase producing potential psychrophilic bacteria (GN) was isolated and identified by 16S rRNA molecular studies as Pseudomonas vancouverensis. Lipase gene from closely related species P. fluorescens was investigated for their functional role and in silico characterization using molecular modeling and docking studies. A 3D structure of lipase gene was generated with SWISS-MODEL and Discovery Studio 3.0. The stereochemistry of the constructed model of cold active lipase was subjected to energy minimization and the stereo-chemical quality of the predicted structure was assessed. The superimposition of the template (PDBID: 2Z8X) with predicted structure showed that weighted root mean square deviation of Cα trace between the template and the final refined model was 0.2 Å with a significant Zscore of 8.2 and sequence identity was 80.5%. Three ligands P-Nitrophenol, Acetate ion and Diethyl phosphonate were taken for docking calculation with generated structure. They were interacting on the functional motifs of predicted model. It has been observed that Leu26, Tyr29, Asn31, Asp33, Pro315 and Thr316 residues were involved in hydrogen bonding interactions with selected ligands. So these interacted residues can be used as prominent active binding sites and which was common to the predicted active site. Based on above investigations it has been found that P. vancouverensis lipase protein can play a similar role in lipid metabolic process and triglyceride lipase functional activity as reported for P. fluorescens lipase protein.Item Nature of ventricular fibrillation during hypothermia.(1968-10-01) Singh, V K