Browsing by Author "Singh, Pawan"
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Item ABO and Rhesus (D) Blood Group Distribution among Blood Donors in Rural South Haryana (Mewat-Region): A 5 Years Retrospective Study(Society for Health Care & Research Development, 2018-05) Singh, Sudheer; Mishra, Shailesh Kumar; Kalhan, Shivani; Sharma, Puja; Satarkar, Rahul N; Singh, Pawan; Singh, Nand KishoreBackground: In India, geographical distribution of blood groups and Rhesus (D) factor varies across the country. The aim of this study is to examine the distribution of these groups among voluntary blood donors at a large academic medical centre; SHKM which is situated in a rural, most backward, least literate, remote pocket of south (Mewat-region) Haryana state in India. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using 5 year data (August 2013–December 2017) from a regional blood bank in rural south (Mewat-region) Haryana of India. Records of 16,121 voluntary blood donors were reviewed. Results: The distribution of ABO blood group was; blood group O (29.69%); blood group A (22.37%); blood group B (37.72%) and blood group AB (10.22%). A significantly higher proportion of Rhesus (D) positive than Rhesus (D) negative in blood group A and AB (respective p-values are .018 and .089). Conclusion: The sequence of ABO distribution among the rural population in south (Mewat- region) Haryana of India is; B > O > A > AB, with males as the predominant donors.Item Autonomic reactivity to cold pressor test in prehypertensive and hypertensive medical students.(2011-07) Khaliq, Farah; Gupta, Keshav; Singh, PawanAutonomic reactivity to stress has been hypothesized to be a marker for subsequent neurogenic hypertension. Medical training is highly stressful particularly for those who are beginning their medical education. The present study was undertaken to study the autonomic reactivity to cold pressor test in prehypertensive and hypertensive undergraduate medical students. One hundred and seventeen undergraduate medical students between 17-21 years of age got examined for blood pressure and stress level. Twelve Hypertensives and eight prehypertensives selected from the above subjects and twenty normotensives underwent cold pressure test (CPT) to assess autonomic reactivity to laboratory induced stress. 10.25% of the subjects were found to be hypertensive and 6.83% pre hypertensive. On the stress scale 53% had mild stress, 7% showed moderate stress while none had stress as a major problem. There was no correlation between BP and stress score. On CPT, BP increased significantly in all the three groups (hypertensive, prehypertensive and normotensive) but came back to basal levels within 5 minutes indicating normal autonomic response. Rise of BP was higher in hypertensive group as compared to normotensive group. The rise of diastolic and mean BP during CPT was significantly higher in subjects having family history of hypertension. Forty percent of normotensive subjects had more than 20 mm Hg rise in systolic BP on CPT. Adolescents must be routinely screened to detect asymptomatic hypertension. The CPT may identify individuals with an occult physiological abnormality that predisposes them to hypertension in their later life.Item Cystic lymphangioma of the spleen--a case report.(2005-04-09) Singh, Pawan; Mathur, S K; Singh, Sunita; Marwah, Nisha; Kalra, Rajneesh; Arora, BSplenic cystic lymphangioma is a very rare condition. It occurs commonly in children in whom it is often an incidental imaging finding. In the absence of histologic confirmation, it usually mimics hydatid disease and other cystic vascular proliferations of the spleen. We present a case of cystic lymphangioma of the spleen in 15 years old female.Item Effect of Polyherbal Mixture Supplementation on Postpartum Productive Performance in Karan Fries (KF) Cows(Association of Mastitis, 2019-02) Chandrasekar, T.; Lathwal, S.S.; Singh, Pawan; Karuthadurai, T.The present study was conducted at Livestock Research Centre (LRC), ICAR-NDRI, Karnal To find out the effect of poly herbal mixture supplementation on postpartum productive performance in KF cows. Thirty multiparous calved KF cows were chosen and divided into three groups, 10 cows in each group. One group was considered as control (C) and other two as treatment groups (T1 and T2). The control (C) group cows were offered the ration as per the standard feeding schedule (ICAR, 2013). The treatment group (T1 and T2) cows were offered the same ration and then additionally the polyherbal mixture combination (25 g each of the herbals + 25g black salt + 250g jaggery) as a treatment for the first 10 and 20 days postpartum period in T1 and T2 group, respectively. The productive related parameters, such as 60 days total milk yield (60 DTMY), peak yield (PY), days to peak yields (DPY), milk compositions and production disorders were recorded in 60 days of postpartum period. The treatment groups, 60 DTMY, PY and DPY were increased as compared to control group. Milk fat % and SNF % of treatment groups (T1 and T2) were more or less similar, if compared with the control group. Milk lactose % of T1 and milk protein% of T2 were significantly (P≤0.05) higher at 60th day of lactation. The productive disorders incidence was also very low in treatment groups (T1 and T2) during the 60 days postpartum periodItem Extraskeletal chondroma of the hand--a case report.(2005-04-09) Singh, Pawan; Mathur, S K; Kundu, Zile Singh; Singh, Sunita; Marwah, Nisha; Arora, BExtraskeletal chondroma is a rare entity. A fairly benign condition, it is usually seen in adults. It presents as an enlarging mass, most commonly in the hand. Local excision is the treatment of choice. We present a case of extraskeletal chondroma of hand in a 12 year male child. Its variable histological appearance not infrequently leads to a mistaken diagnosis of chondrosarcoma.Item Fibroadenoma/benign phyllodes: a cytologic diagnostic challenge(Medip Academy, 2019-09) Yadav, Swati; Sethi, Bhawna; Sangwaiya, Ashok; Singh, Pawan; Satarkar, Rahul N.; Kalhan, Shivani; Thakral, VibhutiBackground: To study and compare cytomorphological features of histologically proven cases of benign phyllodes and cellular fibroadenoma.Methods: Smears of histologically-proven cases of benign phyllodes and cellular fibroadenoma in one year, were reviewed. The cellular fibroadenoma had epithelial and/or stromal hypercellularity. The stromal and epithelial components as well as the background cells were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed.Results: Number, cellularity and type of stromal fragments varied significantly in two groups. Higher number, intermediate to large-sized and hypercellular stromal fragments were commonly seen in phyllodes. Hypercellular (3+ cellularity) fragments were seen in 100% cases of phyllodes against 11.1% cases of fibroadenoma. Large-sized stromal fragments were found in 100% of phyllodes while in only 11.1% cases of fibroadenoma. The ratio of number of epithelial to stromal fragments was significantly high (58.5:1) in fibroadenoma against phyllodes (1.3:1). The epithelial architecture, atypia, apocrine metaplasia and presence of cystic macrophages did not very much in the two groups. The cellularity of the dispersed cells in background did not reveal significant difference though the type of cells varied; the proportion of long and short spindle cells was higher in PT group while proportion of oval cells was higher in FA group.Conclusion: The number, cellularity and nature of stromal fragments, ratio of epithelial to stromal fragments, cellularity and type of background cells are helpful in distinguishing benign phyllodes from cellular fibroadenoma. The identification of these features can improve the pickup rate of phyllodes tumor, thereby assisting proper management.Item Pattern of Transfusion Transmitted Infections in Blood Donors around Bhopal - A 5 years Retrospective Study.(2016-11) Chaurasia, Rajesh Kumar; Puja; Kumar, Anshul; Singh, PawanBackground: Blood transfusion has become an essential part of treatment in number of medical or surgical emergencies. It is also true that blood transfusion is an important mode of transmission of infection to recipients. Present study was planned to know the seroprevalence and pattern of such infections among voluntary as well as replacement donors in this area. Culture and molecular techniques have demonstrated that it is associated with increased prevalence of bacteria. This study was conducted to determine the sero-prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) among the blood donors at Chirayu medical college and Hospital, Bhopal over a period of 5 years. All blood units received from replacement as well as voluntary blood donations at Blood Bank, Chirayu medical college and associated Hospital, Bhopal during the period from February 2011 to January 2016 were selected for the study. Methods: A 5 year retrospective study was conducted at the blood bank of Chirayu medical college Bhopal Madhya Pradesh. All data were collected from blood bank records maintained as per Drugs and Cosmetic Act of India and included records of 4208 voluntary and 10852 replacement donors from February 2011 to January 2016. Screening of blood units was done by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) method for HIV, malaria and hepatitis B and C. Fourth generation ELISA kits were used for HIV testing while Syphilis was tested by latex agglutination assay. Any sample found reactive was retested for confirmation and seropositive units were discarded. Results: Overall TTIs incidence in voluntary donors and replacement donors was found to be 1.568% (66/4208) and 5.215% (566/10852)respectively. Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Malaria was found to be 0.071% (3/4208), 0.712% (30/4208), 0.119% (5/4208), 0.665% (28/4208) and 0.00% in voluntary blood donors as against the figures of 0.166% (18/10852), 2.681% (291/10852), 0.82% (89/10852), 1.548% (168/10852) and 0.00% of replacement blood donors respectively. It is clear from this data that the seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis is higher in replacement blood donors as compared to voluntary blood donors. The highest seroprevalence of TTI was found to be in the age group of 18-30 years. Conclusion: Prevalence of TTI is less in voluntary blood donors as compared to replacement donors. Hence, efforts should be made to increase the number of voluntary donors and reduce replacement donations to a minimum. A strict selection of all donors and proper testing of a donor’s blood by using standard methods is highly recommended to ensure safety for the recipient.Item Profile of Erythroblastopenia in Childhood.(2011-10) Singh, Sunita; Singh, Sukhbir; Singh, Pawan; Marwah, Nisha; Singh, Harpeet; Gathwala, Geeta; Sen, RajeevBone marrows of hospitalized children with anaemia were examined to study the incidence and profile of erythroblastopenia in childhood. Forty children aged between 7 months to 12 years with anaemia, reticulocytopenia and isolated erythroblastopenia on Bone marrow aspiration were evaluated during 2 years duration. Depending on duration of illness and their recovery the disease was categorized into acute, subacute and chronic erythroblastopenia. The disease was found to be associated with PEM and nutritional anaemia (55%), gastroenteritis (12.5%) and respiratory tract infections (12.5%) amongst others.Item Pulmonary functions in plastic factory workers: A preliminary study.(2011-01) Khaliq, Farah; Singh, Pawan; Chandra, Prakash; Gupta, Keshav; Vaney, NeelamExposure to long term air pollution in the work environment may result in decreased lung functions and various other health problems. A significant occupational hazard to lung functions is experienced by plastic factory workers. The present study is planned to assess the pulmonary functions of workers in the plastic factory where recycling of pastic material was done. These workers were constantly exposed to fumes of various chemicals throughout the day. Thirty one workers of plastic factory were assessed for their pulmonary functions. Parameters were compared with 31 age and sex matched controls not exposed to the same environment. The pulmonary function tests were done using Sibelmed Datospir 120 B portable spirometer. A significant decrease in most of the flow rates (MEF 25%, MEF 50%, MEF 75% and FEF 25-75%) and most of the lung volumes and capacities (FVC, FEV1, VC, TV, ERV, MVV) were observed in the workers. Smoking and duration of exposure were not affecting the lung functions as the non smokers also showed a similar decrement in pulmonary functions. Similarly the workers working for less than 5 years also had decrement in pulmonary functions indicating that their lungs are being affected even if they have worked for one year. Exposure to the organic dust in the work environment should be controlled by adequate engineering measures, complemented by effective personal respiratory protection.Item Role of Demographic Factors on Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections among Blood Donors in Delhi, India - A Four Years Retrospective Study(Society for Health Care & Research Development, 2018-03) Singh, Pawan; Daiya, Manju; Tandon, S K; Puja1; Sangwaiya, Ashok; Kalhan, ShivaniBackground: Blood donors belong to a heterogeneous group of people in society, differing in their demographic characteristics and the psychological factors that motivate their behavior. It is important to analyze the various blood donor characteristics in order to manage blood donor programmes. Blood safety and blood supply are profoundly impacted by method of recruitment, specific health history taking and blood screening.Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the role of various demographic factors lie age, sex and occupation on the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) among the blood donors at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi over a period of 4 years. Methods: A 4 year retrospective study was conducted at the blood bank of a tertiary care hospital. All data were collected from blood bank records and included records of 1347 voluntary and 7451 replacement donors from January 2014 to December 2017. Screening of blood units was done by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) method for Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Syphilis was tested by rapid plasma resin (RPR) card test. Malaria was tested by antigen rapid diagnostic test. Any sample found reactive was retested for confirmation. Results: Total 8798 blood donor’s samples were analyzed. 4.27% were female and 95.73% were male. Among the 8798 blood donors, 128 blood donors were positive, prevalence of TTIs was at 1.45 %. The overall positivity rates of anti-HIV, HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-TP and MP were 0.19%, 0.80%, 0.40%, 0.06 % and 0.01% respectively. The prevalence of TTIs was 1.47% for male and 1.06 % for female in the donation population, the prevalence of TTI positive donations was highest in age group of 51-60 years. Regarding occupation, farmers showed the highest incidence (3.36%) of TTIs while businessmen (1.16%) ranked as the bottom. Conclusion: Overall prevalence of TTI is more in voluntary blood donors as compared to replacement donors. Women are safer donors as compared to males. The prevalence of TTI positive donations was highest in age group of 51-60 years. Farmers showed the highest incidence (3.36%) of TTIs while businessmen (1.16%) ranked as the bottomItem Spectrum of lymph node lesions on cytology in rural Haryana: a retrospective analysis.(2015-05) Sharma, Puja; Rana, Shweta; Gill, Manmeet Kaur; Singh, Pawan; Satarkar, Rahul N; Kalhan, ShivaniBackground: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a simple, rapid, cost effective and reliable technique which can be used as a routine outpatient department (OPD) procedure and first line of investigation in diagnosing a variety of superficial and deep lesions. Lymphadenopathy is of great clinical significance and the underlying cause may range from a treatable infectious etiology to malignant neoplasms. In this study, we describe the diagnostic utility of FNAC in the assessment of lymph node lesions with an emphasis on the diagnosis of non-neoplastic, benign and malignant neoplastic processes. Cytomorphological patterns of tuberculous lymphadenitis were also observed. Methods: This was a retrospective study and a total of 736 patients including all age groups and both sexes presenting with palpable or deep lymph nodes in FNAC clinic of our institute over a period of 2 years were included in our study. FNAC was conducted with 22-24 Gauge disposable needles attached to 20c.c syringes. Smears were fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol and stained with Papanicolaou stain. Leishman stain was done on air dried smears. Ziehl- Neelsen (ZN) staining was done wherever required. Results: Out of 736 aspirations from lymph nodes, the most frequent cause of lymphadenopathy was found to be Tuberculosis with 419 cases (56.92%). The next frequent diagnosis was reactive lymphadenitis with 193 cases (26.22%) followed by metastatic lymphadenopathy in 47 cases (6.38%). A diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorder was rendered in 20 cases (2.71%). In 10 cases (1.35%) FNAC was inconclusive. Conclusion: In our study, the predominant cause of lymphadenopathy was tuberculous lymphadenitis, seen in more than half of total cases, followed by reactive lymphadenopathy and malignant neoplasms. FNAC was helpful in establishing the diagnosis in 98.65% of the cases.Item Utilization, Manpower and Information Management of the Blood Transfusion Services in a Large New Rural Based Tertiary Care Centre(Society for Health Care & Research Development, 2018-05) Singh, Sudheer; Mishra, Shailesh Kumar; Kalhan, Shivani; Sharma, Puja; Satarkar, Rahul N; Singh, PawanBackground:We present our experience in utilization, manpower and information management with paucity of resources in a large academic medical centre, situated in a most backward, least literate, remote pocket of the Haryana state in India. Methods:1> Electronic and manual database with their analysis. 2> Previous literature.Results:Budget provided is very low, so cost containment is very significant in our BTS (Blood Transfusion Service). Conclusion:The combinations of therapeutic and diagnostic roles necessitate a multi-pronged approach to utilization management in the BTS. This study will be very helpful for organized approach in a newly stabilizing BTSes of remote areas of other developing countries.