Browsing by Author "Singh, Arun"
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Item Acute myocardial infarction due to blunt chest trauma.(2002-11-04) Sinha, Ajay Kumar; Agrawal, R K; Singh, Arun; Kumar, Rajiv; Kumar, Sanjeev; Sinha, Ajay; Saurabh,; Kumar, AmitWe report a case of blunt chest injury following a road accident leading to damage of the left main and left anterior descending coronary arteries causing acute myocardial infarction in a young person.Item Controlled Under vision TEchnique (CUTE) of Laparoscopic Port Site Closure(World Wide Journals, 2019-11) Singh, Arun; Singh, Sunil KumarBACKGROUND:Various new challenges have emerged since the introduction of laparoscopic surgery. Port site hernia is one of the serious complication. Various methods have been introduced to reduce it. The aim of this article is to introduce a procedure that is easy, safe and quick to perform and will help in decreasing port site complications after laparoscopic procedure.MATERIAL AND METHOD:We have described here a simple technique for the facial closure after laparoscopic surgery over 100 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy repair at VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi.RESULT:This method was used in 100 patients with no intro-operative complication, no port site hernia reported in a follow up period of 1 year.CONCLUSION:This procedure of fascial closure is safe, quick, effective and easy to perform method of facial closure.Item Diagnosis and Management of Global Development Delay: Consensus Guidelines of Growth, Development and Behavioral Pediatrics Chapter, Neurology Chapter and Neurodevelopment Pediatrics Chapter of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics(Indian Academy of Pediatrics, 2022-05) Juneja, Monica; Gupta, Arpita; Sairam, Smitha; Jain, Ridhimaa; Sharma, Monika; Thadani, Anjana; Srinivasan, Roopa; Lingappa, Lokesh; Ahmed, Shabina; Multani, KS; Buch, Pankaj; Chatterjee, Nandita; Dalwai, Samir; Kabra, Madhulika; Kapoor, Seema; Patel, Prarthana Kharod; KM, Girisha; Kulkarni, Madhuri; Kunju, PAM; Malhi, Prahbhjot; Meenai, Zafar; Mishra, Devendra; Mundkur, Nandini; Nair, MKC; Oommen, Samuel Philip; Prasad, Chhaya; Singh, Arun; Srivastava, Leena; Suman, Praveen; Thakur, RahulJustification: Global developmental delay (GDD) is a relatively common neurodevelopmental disorder; however, paucity of published literature and absence of uniform guidelines increases the complexity of clinical management of this condition. Hence, there is a need of practical guidelines for the pediatrician on the diagnosis and management of GDD, summarizing the available evidence, and filling in the gaps in existing knowledge and practices. Process: Seven subcommittees of subject experts comprising of writing and expert group from among members of Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) and its chapters of Neurology, Neurodevelopment Pediatrics and Growth Development and Behavioral Pediatrics were constituted, who reviewed literature, developed key questions and prepared the first draft on guidelines after multiple rounds of discussion. The guidelines were then discussed by the whole group in an online meeting. The points of contention were discussed and a general consensus was arrived at, after which final guidelines were drafted by the writing group and approved by all contributors. The guidelines were then approved by the Executive Board of IAP. Guidelines: GDD is defined as significant delay (at least 2 standard deviations below the mean with standardized developmental tests) in at least two developmental domains in children under 5 years of age; however, children whose delay can be explained primarily by motor issues or severe uncorrected visual/ hearing impairment are excluded. Severity of GDD can be classified as mild, moderate, severe and profound on adaptive functioning. For all children, in addition to routine surveillance, developmental screening using standardized tools should be done at 9-12 months,18-24 months, and at school entry; whereas, for high risk infants, it should be done 6-monthly till 24 months and yearly till 5 years of age; in addition to once at school entry. All children, especially those diagnosed with GDD, should be screened for ASD at 18-24 months, and if screen negative, again at 3 years of age. It is recommended that investigations should always follow a careful history and examination to plan targeted testing and, vision and hearing screening should be done in all cases prior to standardized tests of development. Neuroimaging, preferably magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, should be obtained when specific clinical indicators are present. Biochemical and metabolic investigations should be targeted towards identifying treatable conditions and genetic tests are recommended in presence of clinical suspicion of a genetic syndrome and/or in the absence of a clear etiology. Multidisciplinary intervention should be initiated soon after the delay is recognized even before a formal diagnosis is made, and early intervention for high risk infants should start in the nursery with developmentally supportive care. Detailed structured counselling of family regarding the diagnosis, etiology, comorbidities, investigations, management, prognosis and follow-up is recommended. Regular targeted follow-up should be done, preferably in consultation with a team of experts led by a developmental pediatrician/ pediatric neurologist.Item Impact of Communication Skills Training Programme on Interns in a Medical College of India(Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine Gujarat Chapter, 2018-02) Katyal, Rashmi; Agarwal, Medhavi; Upadhyay, Deepak; Singh, Arun; Singh, Himalaya; Tanwar, HimanshuIntroduction: Communicative skills in medical education are inadequately met. Research has shown that poor communication can contribute to improper diagnosis and lack of understanding of patient's problems, investigations, and treatment options. Poor communication can lead to poor compliance to treatment and dissatisfaction among patients Objective: Assessment of the improvement in the communication skills after the training programme workshop Method: The interns posted in the department of community medicine were pre-tested using Kalamazoo Essential Elements Communication Checklist (Adapted) [KEECCA] who then underwent focused training by the trained faculty members. Two weeks following completion of training, all participants were subjected to a post-test and comparison between the pre-test and post-test scores was done using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The test was two sided and a p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. In order to know the effect of sensitization programme, feedback of the students and the faculty members as the assessors was taken after the completion of the posting Results: On the application of wilcoxon signed rank test, it was found that the difference between the pre and post test scores of assessment on kalamazoo scale after the training of interns on communication skills was found to be statistically significant as the t-value was 4.072 with the pvalue less than 0.001 that is also highly statistically significant Conclusions: The incorporation of communication skills in the medical curriculum will not only improve the doctor patient relationship but also help in arriving at the proper diagnosis through improved skillsItem Perception of RTIs/STDs among women of reproductive age group in a District of Uttar Pradesh.(2011-01) Singh, Arun; Agarwal, V K; Chaudhary, Varsha; Singh, Archana; Sharma, MahendraA cross sectional study was conducted during May-June 2010 among woman of reproductive age group (15-45 years) in the urban and the rural areas of Bareilly District to asses the level of awareness regarding RTIs/STDs. The two stage cluster sampling technique was adopted. A structured questionnaire was used to interview the study participants during the house to house surveys. Each woman of reproductive age of selected household was interviewed in private about her reproductive history, current knowledge, source of information and modes of transmission of RTIs/STDs. Statistical analysis was done with Epi Info computer software. Standard Normal Variate (SNV) Test for comparison of two groups’ proportion was done; z and p were calculated to know the significance of the proportions of two groups for comparison. Most of the women were aware of RTIs/STDs (80.32%) in urban areas whereas only 27.41% in rural areas were aware of these diseases. The television and radio was the main source of information in both rural (41.17% & 32.94%) and urban areas (TV-90.36%, Radio-48.19%).Item Study of morbidity pattern of under-fives in paediatrics OPD of a tertiary care hospital in a rural area of Uttar Pradesh.(2012-07) Masood, Arshiya; Singh, Arun; Shukla, K MBackground: Children under-five are most vulnerable for malnutrition and infection. Morbidity pattern of this age group has several determinants like socio-economic status, basic education, occupation, socio-cultural practices, living environment etc. Objectives: To study the morbidity pattern in under-five children and to find out it’s association with various factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in paediatrics OPD of a tertiary care level hospital in rural area of Etawah District of Uttar Pradesh for three months. We included 379 children by random sampling design. Mothers of children were interviewed using a predesigned schedule. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Commonest morbidity was malnutrition (70.71%), followed by ARI (63.59%), anaemia (47.76%), diarrhea (20.58%), malaria (13.33%) and worm infestation (10.03%) while around 25 percent suffered from other illnesses. Most common symptom was fever (70.71%) and cough (62.8%). A statistically significant association was found in morbidity pattern of ARI, diarrhea, malaria, malnutrition and anaemia with various factors like education, socio-economic status, and occupation. Congenital anomalies were found in around 3 percent children. 3.69 percent children were admitted in wards from OPD. Conclusion: Common childhood illnesses were prevalent though children suffered from serious illnesses on very few occasions.Item Vitamin A Deficiency among School Going Adolescents in Rural Areas of Bareilly.(2014-10) Agarwal, Ajay Kumar; Joshi, H S; Singh, ArunObjective: 1. To find out the prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) on the basis of presence of bitot’s spot and conjunctival xerosis among rural school going adolescents of District Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. 2. To identify the associated factors and to suggest the suitable measures to prevent VAD among them. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Field practices areas Department of Community Medicine RMC&H Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh India, between Jan 2012 to Dec 2012. Participants: 900 school going adolescents. Sampling: Multistage sampling method. A structured schedule was used to collect the information. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed with SPSS 17. Significant difference was determined using Chi- square test. Results: The overall prevalence of VAD was found to be 42.22%. It was higher in 15-19 years of age group adolescents (48.77%) as compare to 10-14 years (41.6%). The prevalence of VAD was slightly higher among boys (p value=0.666). Out of total 398 (42.22%) VAD adolescents 300 adolescents were from socioeconomic class V. Conclusion: Nutrition education regarding regular intake of foods rich in vitamin A rich is needed to prevent the deficiency.