Browsing by Author "Schelp, F P"
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Item alpha 1-antitrypsin phenotype PiMZ, a risk factor for liver cirrhosis but not for liver cancers in Thailand.(1995-06-01) Smanadhikorn, P; Pongpaew, P; Srivatanakul, P; Tungtrongchitr, R; Supanaranond, W; Schelp, F P; Migasena, PThe risk of developing liver cirrhosis, hepatoma (HCC) and bile duct carcinoma (BDC) have been associated with homozygous alpha 1-antitrypsin (AT) deficiency especially linked to the Z allele. While the association between liver cancers and AT deficiency remains debatable, the risk of adult AT deficiency carriers to develop liver cirrhosis has not been assessed quantitatively. Liver cancers and liver diseases with subsequent liver cirrhosis are highly prevalent in tropical countries such as Thailand and heterozygous AT phenotypes are rather common in this country as well. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of developing liver cirrhosis, HCC and BDC by means of case-control studies with Thai patients and controls in connection with AT deficiency. For hepatitis, HCC and BDC to association with AT deficiency was detected. Carriers of PiMZ phenotype in Thailand have a high risk to develop liver cirrhosis (odds. ratio of 10.8, 95% confidence interval = 1.3-88.1). Patients with predisposing diseases should be screened for Pi phenotypes so that rigorous measures to combat the occurrence of liver cirrhosis can be implemented.Item Anthropometric assessment of the nutritional status of children from birth to 60 months old from a water resource development area in Northeast Thailand--application of an international growth standard.(1980-01-01) Egoramaiphol, S; Schelp, F P; Pongpaew, P; Migasena, P; Harinasuta, C; Saovakontha, SItem Aspects of community-based nutritional intervention.(1990-04-01) Pongpaew, P; Schelp, F P; Migasena, PA number of aspects are discussed in relation to community-based nutrition intervention projects. This includes the application of different intervention measures, the used of anthropometric indicators, and the methods of immediate and final data evaluation.Item C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in overweight and healthy adults.(2006-03-28) Chaikate, S; Harnroongroj, T; Chantaranipapong, Y; Puduang, S; Mahaisiriyodom, A; Viroonudomphol, D; Singhasivanon, P; Schelp, F P; Tornee, S; Tribunyatkul, S; Changbumrung, SThis study aimed to 1) compare levels of high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) between overweight Thais and apparently healthy controls, and 2) investigate the association between serum hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-alpha levels and other biochemical parameters. A total of 180 health-conscious adults aged 25-60 years, who resided in Bangkok, participated in this study. No significant difference was found in age and sex between the overweight subjects and controls. Serum levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha, glucose, lipid profile, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were determined in these volunteers. The mean levels of white blood cells (WBC), uric acid, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and hs-CRP were significantly higher in the overweight subjects than those in the controls, whereas high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) values were significantly higher in the controls than the overweight subjects (p < 0.05). Hs-CRP levels were significantly positively correlated with levels of TG, BMI, WC, HC and WHR. HDL-C levels were significantly negative correlated with hs-CRP levels. In conclusion, the prevalence of elevated serum hs-CRP levels was higher in overweight subjects than controls. However, more data in larger and other population groups are needed to confirm this study.Item Community based intervention of iron deficiency anemia in females and iodine deficiency disorders in school children in Lao PDR.(2000-06-08) Souphanthong, K; Siriphong, B; Sysouphanh, B; Bounnhong, P; Phonhpadith, M; Sanchaisuriya, P; Saowakontha, S; Merkle, A; Schelp, F PUnder the supervision of the central and local health authorities, a pilot project was conducted in four villages in the Luangprabang Province, Lao PDR. The objective of the project was to test different regimes to supplement females with oral iron preparations to reduce iron deficient anemia (IDA) and control iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in school children. Compared with iron sulphate tablets, iron fumerate tablets were well accepted and good compliance results were achieved. Hemoglobin concentration improved only in the group of females taking iron fumerate tablets. The goiter rate decreased from approximately 90% to about 45% for school children, regardless of whether iodine salt were used by their families or whether iodine capsules were used to treat the children. The latter attempt was hampered by the fact that also in the control village iodine fortified salt was used. This was due to a governmental attempt to control IDD nation-wide. Therefore, also in the control village a significant decrease in the goiter rate was observed.Item Compliance of population groups of iodine fortification in an endemic area of goiter in northeast Thailand.(1994-09-01) Saowakhontha, S; Sanchaisuriya, P; Pongpaew, P; Tungtrongchitr, R; Supawan, V; Intarakhao, C; Mahaweerawat, U; Jotking, P; Sriarkajan, N; Schelp, F PMethods of iodine fortification were tested among women of child bearing ages in four villages of Khon Kaen province, an endemic area of goiter in northeast Thailand, Ban Wang Pa Dum, Ban Pa Klauy and Ban Non Chart received iodine fortified in fish sauce, salt and drinking water respectively, whereas, Ban Non Sa-aad served as a control village. Urine iodine concentrations were investigated before supplement and after three and six months of the experimental period. Three months after supplement, urine iodine levels of villagers from Ban Non Chart and Ban Non Sa-aad were higher than those of Ban Wang Pa Dum and Ban Pa Klauy. Six months later, subjects from Ban Wang Pa Dum and Ban Pa Klauy who had received fortified fish sauce and iodinated salt respectively had significantly higher urine iodine concentrations than those of the other two villages. The result implied that fortified fish sauce and iodinated salt were well accepted by the villagers. However, fortified fish sauce might be the best and most feasible method because villagers use fish sauce more constantly in cooking and salting dishes.Item Control of intestinal parasitic infection--a pilot project in Lao PDR.(2000-06-08) Siharath, K; Soukphathag, S; Tanyavong, K; Vilaysane, K D; Chanthavong, M; Intarakhao, C; Mahaweerawat, U; Saowakontha, S; Merkle, A; Schelp, F PIntestinal helminths are a very common but still rather unrecognized public health problem. An attempt was undertaken to control the three important parasites, ie Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm. Two villages in Vientiane Province in Lao PDR were selected, one as an intervention and the other as control village. Intervention measures started by providing mass treatment against Ascaris, Trichuris, hookworm and other intestinal parasitic infections in both villages. Health education and other intervention measures were implemented in the intervention village, which significantly influenced the re-infection rates in this village. These achievements were not due to an improvement of the availability of toilets or personal hygiene alone but more to the villagers' improved understanding of the route of the parasitic infections. It was concluded that intervention methods should be directed more towards particular age groups. Particular attention should be paid to control parasitic infections among females.Item Determination of cholesterol content in Thai foodstuffs.(1976-11-01) Schreurs, W H; Pongpaew, P; Migasena, P; Schelp, F PItem Determination of iron and total iron binding capacity in 10 microliter plasma of Thai school-children using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry.(1980-04-01) Schreurs, W H; Pongpaew, P; Migasena, P; Schelp, F PItem The effect of riboflavin on the hematologic changes in iron supplementation of schoolchildren.(1980-03-01) Charoenlarp, P; Pholpothi, T; Chatpunyaporn, P; Schelp, F PA supplementation trial was carried out in 101 children, 6-12 years of age, in 3 primary schools in a rural area. Their hemoglobin level and PCV (mean +/- SD) were 11.64 +/- 1.21 g/dl and 0.356 +/- 0.028 respectively, 74% of them were anemic and the hemoglobin level were correlated with the MCHC (P < .01) . Fifty-one per cent of them had hookworm infection and all those with hemoglobin levels below 10 g/dl had hookworm infection, but there was no difference in mean hemoglobin level between those with hookworm infection and those without. The children were divided into 3 groups: Group I comprising 39 children who received placebo tablest; Group II of 33, who received ferrous sulphate (60 mg elemental iron); Group III of 29, who received ferrous sulphate (60 mg elemental iron) with riboflavin (6mg). Each child received one tablet after lunch on schooldays and evaluation was carried out after receiving 80 to 90 tablets. The mean hemoglobin change of Group II was 0.60 g/dl larger than that of Group I (P < .005) with 52% of them responding to iron. The mean hemoglobin change of Group III was 0.38 g/dl larger than that of Group II (P < .005) with 86% of them responding to iron and riboflavin. Thus additional riboflavin is beneficial in iron supplementation.Item Electrophoresis of human serum with polyacrylamide gradient gel slabs.(1975-01-01) Pongpaew, P; Migasena, P; Schelp, F PItem Erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes and blood pressure in relation to overweight and obese Thai in Bangkok.(2000-06-29) Viroonudomphol, D; Pongpaew, P; Tungtrongchitr, R; Phonrat, B; Supawan, V; Vudhivai, N; Schelp, F PThe specific activities of antioxidant enzymes, [eg superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT)], anthropometric measurements, including waist/hip ratio of 48 male and 167 female overweight persons (body mass index (BMI) > or = 25.0 kg/m2) compared with a 26 male and 80 female control group (BMI = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) of Thai volunteers who attended the Out-patient Department, General Practice Section, Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok, for a physical check-up during March-October, 1998, were investigated. There was a slightly significant difference between the median age of the sexes. The medians of height, weight, and waist/hip ratio in males were significantly higher than those in female overweight and obese subjects. The median of arm circumference (AC), mid arm muscle circumference (MAMC) in males was significantly higher than those in female overweight and obese subjects (p < 0.05). The prevalences of hypertension based on systolic and diastolic blood pressure of > or = 160/> or = 95 mmHg, were 8.3% and 37.5% for males and 5.4% and 18.6% for females, respectively. There was no significant difference between the median of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPX and CAT) between the sexes. No significant differences in the antioxidant enzymes in male overweight/obese persons and normal controls were presented, whereas antioxidant enzymes in female overweight/obese persons were statistically lower than in control females (p < 0.05). A significantly higher SOD, GPX, and CAT status was observed in normal subjects compared with overweight/obese subjects (p < 0.01). A higher prevalence of SOD < or = 2,866 U/gHb, GPX (< or = 15.96 U/gHb in females was found, compared with males. A high percentage of lower catalase (CAT < or = 19.2x10(4) IU/gHb) was found in both sexes (64.5% in males and 64.5% in females). In obese subjects (BMI > or = 30.0 kg/m2), there were significantly positive relationships between systolic and diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and waist/hip ratio, and SOD could be related to weight, BMI as well as GPX and CAT, whereas the opposite result was observed for age and SOD.Item Field metabolic evaluation of yeast protein.(1979-09-01) Changbumrung, S; Feldheim, W; Schelp, F P; Migasena, P; Pongpaew, P; Saovakontha, S; Supawan, V; Hongtong, PItem Health and nutritional problems in the NAM Pong water resource development scheme.(1981-09-01) Sornmani, S; Schelp, F P; Harinasuta, CItem Leptin concentration in relation to body mass index (BMI) and hematological measurements in Thai obese and overweight subjects.(2000-12-21) Tungtrongchitr, R; Pongpaew, P; Phonrat, B; Tribunyatkul, S; Viroonudomphol, D; Supawan, V; Jintaridhi, P; Lertchavanakul, A; Vudhivai, N; Schelp, F PThe weight, height and body mass index (BMI), including waist/hip ratio, serum leptin and hematological parameters of 48 male and 166 female overweight (BMI > or = 25.00) Thai volunteers who came for a physical check-up at the Out-patient Department, General Practice Section, Rajvithi Hospital, Bangkok during the period March-October 1998, were investigated. There were statistically significantly higher levels of serum leptin, mean corpuscular mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in the overweight than in the control subjects. The median serum leptin concentration in overweight subjects was 19.6 (2.0-60.0 ng/ml) compared with 9.0 (range 1.0-30.0 ng/ml) in the control subjects (p < 0.001). The medians of leptin in overweight and obese males were significantly higher than those of overweight and obese females. 66.7% (32 out of 48) of overweight and obese males were found to have elevated leptin levels, while 87.3% (145 out of 166) were found in overweight and obese females. Anemia was found in 18.7% of female overweight and obese subjects, using hemoglobin as an indicator. Significant associations were found between weight, height, BMI, waist, hip, waist/hip ratio, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum leptin in both male and female overweight subjects. A negative correlation was found between serum leptin and hemoglobin, and hematocrit in both overweight and obese subjects.Item Lessons learned.(2000-06-08) Schelp, F PItem Malaria control through impregnated bednets--a pilot project in selected villages in Lao PDR.(2000-06-08) Philavong, K; Phangmanixay, S; Phommavong, C; Kenesy, B; Nhayhiangon, K; Fungladda, W; Saowakontha, S; Merkle, A; Schelp, F PIn 7 villages on the foothills of the Houayxai district of the Bokeo Province in Lao PDR between midyear 1995 to midyear 1997 an attempt was made to test the acceptability and use of DDT impregnated bed nets as well as environmental and behavioral risk factors. About 380 women between 15 to 45 years old and their children in the age range of 1 to 14 years had been studied. A pre-tested questionnaire had been applied and blood from women and children was taken from the finger prick and a conventional thick and thin blood smear was performed, fixed Giemsa stained and examined for malaria parasites. DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) impregnated mosquito nets were distributed in the intervention villages. The availability of mosquito nets increased statistically significant from approximately 50% to 70% for all family members in the intervention area between 1995 and 1997 and statistically significant decreased in the control area from 79% to 45.1%. There was a statistically significant decrease in malaria attacks as claimed by the females for the intervention area but not for the control villages. The proportion of positive blood smears did decrease overall for women and children in between 1995 to 1997. Occupation, location of the house and use of mosquito nets had been determined as the most important risk factors.Item Mass treatment of opisthorchiasis in Northeast Thailand.(1982-12-01) Vivatanasesth, P; Sornmani, S; Schelp, F P; Impand, P; Sitabutra, P; Preuksaraj, S; Harinasuta, CIn an attempt to control opisthorchiasis, a single dose of 40 mg/kg of Praziquantel was given to 666 people in the three villages of Nam Pong Water Resource Development Project, Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand. The results showed a cure rate after 1 month was 95.9%. The side effect was minimized by alternation of the time of treatment from after breakfast to after dinner. The use of Praziquantel for the mass treatment in control of opisthorchiasis is possible. However, to achieve the objective of control programme other measures such as environmental sanitation improvement, health education and change in eating habits must be integrated into the programme.Item Microdetermination of cholesterol, total lipids and triglycerides in plasma of Thai soldiers.(1977-01-01) Schreurs, W H; Pongpaew, P; Schelp, F P; Vudhivai, N; Migasena, PItem Nutritional health and parasitic infection of rural Thai women of the child bearing age.(1993-03-01) Sanchaisuriya, P; Pongpaew, P; Saowakontha, S; Supawan, V; Migasena, P; Schelp, F PThe nutritional and health status of non-pregnant women of child bearing age from 20 villages of two districts in Maha Sarakham Province, approximately 500 km northeast of Bangkok, were investigated in April 1987. About 12 per cent of the studied women had a body mass index below 18.7 which is used as a cut-off point of being undernourished. Fat stores and muscle mass were smaller when compared to western females. Only two per cent of the women investigated had low serum albumin, indicating a severe deprivation in the nutritional status. A relatively high prevalence of anaemia was also found. Iron deficiency and haemoglobinopathy are common causes of anaemia. In addition, vitamin B2 depletion also contributes to the high rate of anaemia. Gastrointestinal parasitic infection rates were high with liver fluke, hookworm and echinostomiasis. Hookworm infection had no effect on the rate of anaemic, most probably the worm load in the women infected was rather low. It is recommended that the nutritional health of rural adolescents and young women should be enhanced by generally improving dietary habits and the quality of nutrient intake especially through protein, vitamins and micronutrient. Public health programmes focused on preventive activities should be aimed at this group in order to reduce the prevalent rate of undernutrition, anaemia and parasitic infection.
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