Browsing by Author "Sayana, Ashutosh"
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Item Clinico-Bacteriological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in a Teaching Hospital of Uttar Pradesh(Society for Health Care & Research Development, 2018-01) Rana, Amit Kumar; Yadav, Akanksha; Juyal, Deepak; Sinha, Anant Narayan; Sayana, Ashutosh; Prasad, SurendraBackground: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a commonly encountered infection of the middle ear. It cancause extra cranial and intracranial complications and involves considerable morbidity. Although it is a global disease, its incidence has remained relatively higher in resource-constrained countries. Due to its recurrent nature and the development of resistant pathogenic organisms, control of infection poses a greatest therapeutic challenge. Knowledge of the local microbial flora in CSOM is essential for initiating empirical therapy. The objective of our study was to examine the current bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern to locally available antibiotics in CSOM. Methods: A total of 157 patients clinically diagnosed of CSOM were enrolled in the study and the samples were obtained from each patient using sterile cotton swabs and were processed as per standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity to ten locally available antibiotics was analyzed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing for bacterial isolates was conducted using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of total 157 swabs bacterial growth was seen in 144 (91.72%) with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (22.9%) being the most common bacterial isolates. Among the antibiotics tested amikacin (88.3%), ciprofloxacin (78.9%) and cotrimoxazole (78.2%) were found to be most active against all the isolates, whereas maximum resistance was seen for ampicillin (45.8%). Poor hygiene 79 (50.3%) and pond/river bath 51 (32.5%) were the two most common predisposing factors associated with CSOM. Conclusion: In the era of continuously increasing drug resistance among bacteria, periodic monitoring of the bacterial isolates causing CSOM and their antibiogram with clinical correlation is very important. Local antimicrobial susceptibility data should be utilized for formulating antibiotic policy for every institution. Our results will surely help in the modification of hospital’s current antibiotic policy and also will optimize the therapy to patients.Item Gastric Rupture Following Blunt Trauma Abdomen: A Case Report.(2013-05) Maheshwari, Ritesh; Sayana, Ashutosh; Mahesh, PankajBlunt trauma abdomen is a common sequel to road traffic accident. The variety of intra-abdominal injuries following blunt trauma abdomen is diverse. We report a stomach laceration following a trivial trauma to abdomen in a otherwise healthy young male.Item Lead Associated Nephrotoxicity: A Global Concern(Society for Health Care & Research Development, 2018-11) Thakur, Ajit; Juyal, Deepak; Sayana, Ashutosh; Thaledi, Shweta; Batra, JyotiAmongst toxic heavy metals, lead ranks as one of the most serious environmental poisons all over the world. An occupational and environmental exposure to lead remains a serious problem in many developing and industrializing countries, as well as in some developed countries. Lead exposure can be detrimental to every organ in the human body with kidney and brain being predominantly susceptible to its deleterious effects. An association between lead poisoning and renal diseases in humans has been recognized and documented by several studies. Excessive exposure to lead may cause acute or chronic nephrotoxic effects. Studies suggest that prolonged lead exposure may be an overlooked risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Majority of lead associated renal toxicity are a result of the previous chronic exposure, ongoing chronic exposure or current high acute exposure to lead. Both glomerular and tubular effects have been reported. Glomerular effects range from high molecular weight proteinuria to a nephritic syndrome whereas tubular changes consist of an enhanced urinary excretion of enzymes. Lead poisoning and associated nephrotoxicity is an important and preventable health problem that remains to be fully addressed. However due to lack of education regarding the dangers of working with lead or lead containing products, potential health hazards of lead poisoning still exist and are rising in India. The regulatory bodies should be more vigilant and make it mandatory to evaluate and create awareness among the workers as well as general population about the lead toxicity and should insist on regular health checkups to prevent adverse health effects.Item Study of epidemiology of road traffic accidents(Educational Society for Excellence, 2018) Goyal, Mohit; Dobhal, Dhananjay; Sayana, Ashutosh; Dobhal, Salyl; Goyal, AdityaBackground: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) have emerged as an important public health issue which needs to be tackled by a multi-disciplinary approach. The trend in RTA injuries and death is becoming alarming in countries like India. The number of fatal and disabling road accident happening is increasing day by day and it is a real public health challenge for all the concerned agencies to prevent it. This article is intended to create awareness among the health professionals about the various modalities available to prevent road accidents and also to inculcate a sense of responsibility towards spreading the message of road safety. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study of 230 patients between April 2016 to December 2017 reporting at General surgery, Orthopedics and Neurosurgery Department in Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun. Both indoor and OPD patients were included in this study. Data was gathered using a self-administered questionnaire with closed ended questions being addressed to the participants. Results: Total of 230 accident victims was included in this study. Among them, 195 (85%) were males and 35 (15%) were female. Out of 230 respondents, 180 (78.26%) were involved in the accidents on normal working days, 30 (13.04%) of the accidents occurred during weekends and 4 (8.70%) on public holidays, Speeding 50 (21.74%) was one of the most significant personal factor associated with RTAs. Alcohol intoxication 35(15.22%), reckless driving 45 (19.57%) and tiredness of the driver 30 (13.04%) are the important personal factors associated with RTAs. Mohit Goyal, Dhananjay Dobhal, Ashutosh Sayana, Salyl Dobhal, Aditya Goyal. Study of epidemiology of road traffic accidents. IAIM, 2018; 5(4): 23-28. Page 24 Conclusion: Most countries have a multidisciplinary approach to traffic planning and road design. It is done by psychologists, engineers, doctors, sociologists, vehicle experts, etc., in India; road traffic is still a civil engineering issue. Lessons can be learnt from the eminent guidelines and good practices for good behavior on the roads practiced in developed countries where safety, orderliness, and discipline are ingrained in the citizens, come what may. Mere celebration of the annual Road Safety Week during the first week of January does not serve any purpose. Drivers should learn to show consideration and respect to co-vehicle drivers and pedestrians so that our roads become safer.