Browsing by Author "Saldanha, Prakash"
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Item Awareness of human papilloma virus vaccine among medical interns in tertiary health centre(Medip Academy, 2019-11) Ashrita, C.; N., Prasad Nayak; Saldanha, PrakashBackground: Human Papilloma virus [HPV] infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted disease[STD] in the entire world. In India, HPV infections stands as one of the first few major cause of STD among both male and female adolescents and adults. However studies done in major centers reveals that awareness about this disease among the general population is poor. Aim of this study was the awareness of HPV and its preventive measures among medical interns who have recently completed their graduation and doing medical internship in a tertiary care centre.Methods: Total 100 participants were subjected to questionnaire study which has questions on basic knowledge about HPV and its preventive measures. The data were analyzed using Microsoft excel software.Results: Statically 98% of the study population was aware of HPV, whereas 78% were having knowledge about the vaccine availability for prevention of HPV and only 55% of them knew that the vaccine is available for use in India.Conclusions: Although majority of participants are having knowledge about HPV, the awareness on vaccine and its potentials are very poor. It is very important to put more emphasis on educating medical, nursing, para medical students and interns of various discipline on HPV infection and its preventive measures.Item Clinical study of anemia in rural school children of Mangalore, Karnataka, India(Medip Academy, 2019-03) M. K., Mahroof; Khan, Shamshad Ahmed; Saldanha, PrakashBackground: The study was conducted to know the prevalence of anemia in rural school children located within 15km radius of Yenepoya Medical college hospital, Mangalore and to study the risk factors associated with anemia also to correlate the detection of anemia by clinical examination and by lab estimation of hemoglobin.Methods: A total of 550 children in the age group of 6-15 years were included in this study. Parental informed consent was obtained. A preplanner questionnaire was used to collect the health and socio demographic details. Blood was collected by venepuncture method and haemoglobin was determined by automated sysmex machine. Diagnosis of anemia was made according to WHO cut off value of Hb.Results: Out of 550 children 114(20.6%) were anemic. There was no significant difference between age and sex. Anemia was found to be more prevalent in children with h/o passing worms, undernourished, pica and low socio-economic status. Out of 550 children 174 children had conjunctival pallor on clinical examination. Among that 58 (33.3%) children had anemia on hemoglobin estimation. Majority of the children 116 (66.7%) who had pallor on clinical examination was found as non-anemic on hemoglobin estimation. On kappa co efficient, statistics showed that two examinations to detect anemia was 18.47 %, which indicates poor agreement.Conclusions: The overall prevalence of anemia among rural population is variable depending upon the region. Major factors which influence the prevalence of anemia were nutrition, socioeconomic status, pica and worm infestation. Clinical diagnosis by examination of pallor is poorly correlated by estimation of haemoglobin, hence anemia cannot be diagnosed by detection of pallor alone and it requires lab haemoglobin estimation to prevent wrong diagnosis of anemia.Item Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding diarrhoea and its prevention and the use of oral rehydration therapy among mothers of children under the age of five visiting a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore, India(Medip Academy, 2019-07) N., Radhika Renjith; Saldanha, Prakash; S., Sahana K.Background: Diarrheal diseases remain the second most leading cause of mortality and morbidity next to pneumonia among under-five mortality globally, contributing to 1/5th of child deaths.Methods: Cross sectional hospital based questionnaire study conducted among 200 mothers of children within the age group of 6-60 months with diarrhoea attending the paediatric outdoor or treated in the paediatric indoor (OPD) at YMCH hospital using personal interview method. Filled up questionnaires was collected and was attached along with the filled up proforma.Results: Of 200 mothers, 24.3% knew the correct meaning of diarrhoea, with 73.8% of them not knowing the correct cause of diarrhoea. Only 44.3% knew that it could be prevented. Majority 88.7% did not know to look for signs of dehydration. Less than half of the mothers had only heard of ORT. By using c2-test, preparation ORS was found to be associated with the mother's education (p=0.04) proving that knowledge is better among those mothers with formal education. No association was found between ORS preparation and age of the mother (p=0.229), religion (p=0.342), and gender of the child (p=0.061).Conclusions: The findings of this research indicate that only 73.8% of the mothers had knowledge regarding the cause of the diarrhoea and less than half 11.3% has only heard and used ORT properly.Item Parents perception on pattern and effects of usage of electronic devices among school going children(Medip Academy, 2020-03) Kuriakose, Roshan; N., Prasad Nayak; Saldanha, PrakashBackground: Over usage of electronic gadgets has a serious impact on physical activity of children leading to obesity, depression, anxiety, poor scholastic performance, strain on the eyes and triggering factor for' neck and back pain (due to spondylitis).It is very important to know how to control the screen time of children by parents.Methods: Here, 75 parents were subjected to questionnaire study which contained questions on the information on usage of electronic devices among children and the adverse effects noticed. Results were analyzed using Microsoft excel software.Results: Almost all the 75 cases had access to television, 64 had access to smart phones, 24 had access to IPAD/Tablet, 8 had access to laptop and 4 had access to gaming console. It was found that 45 % were depressed / anxious when gadgets were withdrawn from them. 21 kids had no idea what to do when gadgets were not available. 54 kids had no interest in outdoor playing and 38 children were found to have decreased interaction with other family members.Conclusions: Exposure to gadgets in paediatrics population leads to poor scholastic performance, obesity, depression, decreased interaction with family and many other problems. So, it is very important to have control on child's day to day activities and have constant vigilance on their gadget usage.