Browsing by Author "Rao, Sudha"
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Item Acephalus acardiac fetus.(2004-10-09) Rajesh, B; Mahadhevan, B; Rao, Sudha; Bhat, Vishmu BAcephalus Acardia is an uncommon congenital malformation due to twin reverse arterial perfusion syndrome. In this condition the donor twin provides circulation for itself and the recipient acardiac twin. The acardiac twin is grossly abnormal with severe reduction anomalies of the upper part of the body. We report a case with autopsy findings and review of literature.Item Antibiotic Prescription Patterns in Children for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Diarrhea.(2013-04) Maniar, Miti; Shah, Ira; Rao, SudhaA cross sectional study to determine the antibiotic usage trend in children with URTI and Diarrhea in 140 children under 15 years of age visiting the Pediatric OPD. Forty four (31%) patients received antibiotics of which 5 (11.3%) patients received combination antibiotics. Eighteen (24%) patients with nasopharyngitis, 2(16%) patients with pharyngitis, 7(100%) patients with tonsillitis, 7(22.5%) patients with acute diarrhea, 5(62.5%) patients with dysentery and 5(83%) patients with chronic diarrhea received antibiotics. (p=0.014). Amoxicillin (33%) and macrolides (44%) are preferred for nasopharyngitis and only macrolides are used for pharyngitis (100%), while cefixime is used predominantly for acute diarrhea (29%) and dysentery (40%). Metronidazole (60%) is the preferred antibiotic for chronic diarrhea. All five (11%) combination antibiotics prescriptions were for diarrhea and no combinations were given for URTI [p value = 0.003]. From 110 children having symptoms < 1week, only 30 (27%) were given antibiotics while out of 29 children having symptoms for > 1week, 14 (48%) were given antibiotics (p value=0.031). Antibiotic prescriptions were judicious and seen in 31% of children with URTI and diarrhea. However use of antibiotics in nasopharyngitis should be minimized. Also use of combination antibiotics especially in children with diarrhea should be discouraged.Item Etiology and clinical profile of ambiguous genitalia an overview of 10 years experience.(2006-11-08) Joshi, Rajesh R; Rao, Sudha; Desai, MennaOne hundred nine patients presenting with ambiguous genitalia over the past 10 years (year 1995 to 2004) to Pediatric Endocrine Service of our hospital were reviewed. On the basis of clinical and investigative evaluation like hormonal and biochemical estimations, imaging studies, karyotype and invasive techniques like genitoscopy, laproscopy, open exploration and biopsy of gonads when indicated, these cases could be categorised as Genetic females with virilisation or FPH (n = 30 cases, 27.5 % Genetic males undervirilised or MPH (n = 57 cases, 52.3 %), Disorders of gonadal differentiation (n = 11, 10.1 %) Nine patients with gonadal dysgenesis and 2 with true hermaphroditism and the syndromic form of ambiguous genitalia (n = 2, 1.8 %). Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) was the underlying cause in all cases of FPH, the salt wasting form in 23/30 and simple virilising form in 7. Major categories in MPH group were Androgen insensitivity syndrome in 28 % (16/57) and 5a reductase deficiency in 23% (13/57).Item Fanconi Bickel Syndrome with Hypercalciuria due to GLUT 2 Mutation.(2016-09) Shah, Ruchi; Rao, Sudha; Parikh, Ruchi; Sophia, Tahir; Khalid, HussainBackground: Fanconi Bickel Syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive, disorder of carbohydrate metabolism. Presence of hypercalciuria is rare. Case characteristics: 4.5-years-old boy presented with growth failure, hepatomegaly, rickets, fasting hypoglycemia with postprandial hyperglycemia, fanconi syndrome and hypercalciuria, Outcome: A rare mutation in GLUT-2 gene suggestive of Fanconi Bickel Syndrome. Message: Fanconi Bickel Syndrome may present with hypercalciuria with proximal renal tubulopathy along with fasting hypoglycemia and postprandial hyperglycemia.Item McCune Albright Syndrome (MCAS): a case series.(2003-01-30) Rao, Sudha; Colaco, M P; Desai, M PMcCune Albright Syndrome (MCAS) is an association of, Café-au-lait macules, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and autonomous hyperfunctioning endocrinopathy. This is a rare disorder seen more commonly in females. We evaluated 7 (6F & 1M) cases under six years of age (4 months to 5.5 yrs) presenting with Café-au-lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and/or sexual precocity. All the 7 cases had large Café-au-lait spots, radiologic features of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia were seen in 5 cases. Six girls had precocious puberty with large ovarian follicles and elevated S. Estradiol levels (14-65 pg/dl) with prepubertal gonadotropin levels in 5 of them. Medroxy-progrestrone acetate was used to treat the sexual precocity. Five girls on follow up for 6 months (6mo-16mo) showed cessation of menstrual episodes and regression of ovarian follicles in three, regression in breast size in one, and three girls continued to grow at a height velocity >95th centile for age. Skeletal lesions and skin features did not show any change. No other endocrinopathy was noted. Gonadotropin independent precocious puberty was the only endocrine affection seen in this series.Item Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast-A rare neoplasm with transitional cell differentiation: An exceptional feature.(2010-04) Hemalatha, A L; Rao, Sudha; Nataraju, G; Kumar, B Deepak; Shashidhar, H BMetaplastic carcinomas of the breast are malignant breast neoplasms composed of a mixture of both epithelial and mesenchymal elements. The rarity of this tumor is exemplified by the fact that it accounts for only about 0.2% of all breast carcinomas. It can present histologically with diverse differentiation and the exact histogenesis of these tumors is unknown. The present case is reported for its rarity and for the presence of transitional cell differentiation along with the other usual components of metaplastic carcinoma. Transitional cell differentiation in a metaplastic carcinoma has not been documented in the literature. Besides this, it highlights the importance of special stains and immunohistochemistry in evaluating these carcinomas and the need for early diagnosis and excision of these tumors as these carcinomas generally have a poorer prognosis as compared to breast carcinomas without metaplasia, with the tumor size having an important bearing on the outcome of this condition.Item Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome-type I.(2006-12-05) Joshi, Rajesh R; Rao, Sudha; Prabhu, S SPolyglandular autoimmune syndrome type I is a rare disorder characterized by mucocutaneous candidiasis (MC), hypoparathyroidism (HP) and adrenal insufficiency , requiring regular follow up as the components of the syndrome appear at different age groups. We report a six and half year boy having this syndrome and presenting with MC, HP and ectodermal dystrophy.Item Unusual presentations of posterior fossa tumors in children.(2010-09) Mohanty, Sweta; Shah, Ira; Rao, Sudha; Desai, NeeluItem Xanthogranulomatous salpingo-oophoritis: a rare entity at an exceptional site.(2007-07-22) Hemalatha, A L; Rao, Sudha; Deepak, Kumar B; Gayathri, M N; Manjunath, B S; Rathna, S