Browsing by Author "Rana, S V"
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Item Alterations in duodenal disaccharidases in chronic smokers.(2001-03-18) Kaura, D; Bhasin, D K; Rana, S V; Katyal, R; Vaiphei, K; Singh, KOBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of smoking on activity of intestinal disaccharidases. METHODS: The study was conducted on patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia who were smokers (n=20) or non-smokers (n=20). Smokers were classified according to smoking index into mild, moderate and heavy smokers. Biopsy specimens were taken from the second part of the duodenum at endoscopy and examined histologically, and for disaccharidase (lactase, sucrase, maltase and trehalase) activities. RESULTS: Mean duration of symptoms was more in smokers than in non-smokers. None of the smokers had endoscopic evidence of duodenal inflammation. Lactase and trehalase levels were significantly decreased in smokers. There was no difference in enzyme levels between mild smokers and non-smokers. Decreased lactase, maltase and trehalase activities were observed in moderate smokers compared to mild smokers. Duration of symptoms had no relation to enzyme activities. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal disaccharidase levels are diminished by smoking.Item Comparison of duodenal and jejunal disaccharidase levels in patients with non ulcer dyspepsia.(2001-07-30) Rana, S V; Bhasin, D K; Katyal, R; Singh, KAIMS: This study was conducted to compare the duodenal and jejunal disaccharidase levels in the same individual with duodenal ulcer or non ulcer dyspepsia. METHODS: Thirty seven patients (duodenal ulcer--11, non-ulcer dyspepsia--26) were included in the study. Endoscopic biopsy samples were obtained from jejunum and duodenum using pediatric colonofibroscope. RESULTS: Levels of jejunal disaccharidases were significantly higher than the duodenal disaccharidases. CONCLUSIONS: An estimate of jejunal disaccharidases can be had by multiplication of duodenal disaccharidased by a factor 1.48 for lactase, 1.50 for sucrase and 1.56 for maltase.Item Dietary fiber assessment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome from Northern India.(2004-11-04) Malhotra, Sunita; Rana, S V; Sinha, S K; Khurana, SBACKGROUND: Data on the absolute fiber intake and the source of dietary fiber intake in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have been lacking in northern Indians. OBJECTIVE: To find out the absolute fiber intake from different sources of food items in patients with IBS and healthy subjects from northern India. METHODS: Using the 72-hour recall method, dietary intake of macronutrients and fiber was determined in 33 consecutive adult patients with IBS and 33 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: The patients consumed lower amounts of macronutrients (protein 60.4 g vs 79.3 g, fat 47.7 g vs 65.7 g, and carbohydrates 294.6 g vs 339.8 g) and dietary fiber (8.1 g vs 15.7 g) than the control subjects. Though the patients consumed similar amount of pulses as the controls (46.6 [25.0] vs 46 [19.6] g/day), their fiber intake from pulses was lower (0.8 [0.7] vs 1.4 [0.9] g/day). The intake of fiber from vegetables and fruits was also significantly lower in patients (2.1 and 0.5 g/day, respectively) than in control subjects (5.8 and 3.9 g/day, respectively; p< 0.001 each). CONCLUSION: Total dietary fiber intake and intake of fiber from vegetables, fruits and pulses are lower in patients with IBS from northern India than in control subjects.Item Distribution of digestive enzymes in gastrointestinal tract of young rhesus monkeys.(1994-04-01) Rana, S V; Gupta, D; Bhasin, D K; Mehta, S KThe distribution of different mucosal digestive enzymes along the gastrointestinal tract of young rhesus monkeys were studied by biochemical analysis of homogenized specimen from 13 different segments (i.e. stomach-fundus, body, antrum; small intestine-D1, D2, proximal, middle, distal; caecum; colon-ascending, transverse, descending and rectum), obtained from 6 monkeys of approximate age 8-12 months. The activity of all the enzymes was lowest in gastric mucosa rising through duodenum to peak in small intestine and declining towards the large bowel. There was no significant difference in levels of any of the enzymes between different parts of stomach or large bowel. This study suggests that like humans in rhesus monkeys maximum activity of digestive enzymes is present in small intestine and much less in gastric and large bowel mucosa.Item Effect of alcohol dependence on the levels of duodenal disaccharidases in human subjects.(2000-10-24) Lhatoo, S D; Bhasin, D K; Rana, S V; Katyal, R; Singh, KBACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to detect the duodenal enzyme activity in patients of alcohol dependence and to compare with non-alcoholic patients of non-ulcer dyspepsia. METHODS: Disaccharidases (lactase, sucrase, maltase) were estimated in 20 non alcoholic patients of non-ulcer dyspepsia and 20 alcoholics admitted to the drug de-addiction and treatment centre of PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. RESULTS: No significant influence of alcohol on enzyme levels in patients of alcohol dependence when compared to patients of non-ulcer dyspepsia was observed. However, a significant decrease in lactase level was noted in patients consuming more than 125 gm/day of alcohol. CONCLUSION: Amount of consumption of alcohol showed decrease in lactase enzyme, but not in maltase and sucrase. There was no effect of duration of alcohol consumption on dissacharidases in the two groups.Item Effect of cadmium and zinc-metallothionein on methemoglobin and nitric oxide in dimethylnitrosamine treated rats.(2001-05-21) Rana, S V; Kumar, AProtective effects of metallothionein (MT) have been studied against dimethylnitosamine (DMN) toxicity in laboratory rats. MT was induced by feeding rats on repeated sublethal doses of cadmium and zinc. These rats were subsequently administered DMN. Methemoglobin and nitric oxides, the established markers of DMN toxicity, were estimated in the blood samples of MT protected rats. Preinduction of MT decreased methemoglobin and ameliorated the generation of nitric oxides. Antioxidative effects of MT may have manifested these results, however, an effect on N-nitrosation is also speculated.Item Effect of Giardia lamblia on duodenal disaccharidase levels in humans.(2000-10-24) Singh, K D; Bhasin, D K; Rana, S V; Vaiphei, K; Katyal, R; Vinayak, V K; Singh, KThe study was conducted to detect the effect of giardiasis on human disaccharidase levels. Forty patients attending the medical outpatient department of PGIMER, Chandigarh were enrolled. Twenty patients, positive for Giardia lamblia comprised the study group while 20 patients negative for Giardia lamblia were taken as controls. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed in all patients. Estimation of lactase, sucrase, maltase and trehalase was done in biopsies. Histopathological investigation was carried out in all biopsy specimens after Haematoxylin and Eosin staining. Complaints of pain abdomen and bloating occurred commonly in giardiasis. Four biopsy samples in study group showed mild increase in lymphomononuclear infiltrate. Giardia lamblia was detected in 7 biopsies. Lactase levels were decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in giardiasis. Rest of the enzymes were comparable to the controls. No differences in the enzyme activities were observed between males and females in either group and with the duration of symptoms.Item Effect of protein calorie malnutrition on in vitro incorporation of (U-C14)-glucose in brain of young rhesus monkeys.(1991-03-01) Rana, S V; Mehta, STwelve young rhesus monkeys weighing 1.5-2.0 kg were acclimatised for a month in the animal house of the Institute. After acclimatization 6 monkeys were placed on a protein calorie deficient diet and remaining 6 on normal diet. The deficiency state was indicated by reduction in body weight, significant decrease in serum albumin, lack of physical activity and shedding of fur. At this stage, animals of both groups were sacrificed and brains were removed. Cerebrum was separated, blotted on filter paper and weighed. In vitro incorporation of (U-C14)-glucose was done for 2 hr in approximately 300 mg cerebrum. Incorporation of this precursor was determined in cerebrum, lipids, its fractions and proteins in both groups. There was increased incorporation of (U-C14)-glucose into tissue, gangliosides, free fatty acids and esterified cholesterol but no significant change in myelin marker lipids and proteins in PCM group was noticed as compared to age matched controls.Item Effect of xylene, toluene and methyl alcohol on liver collagenesis in rats.(1993-09-01) Rana, S V; Kumar, SAmong the three important industrial solvents used, maximum stimulation of collagen formation in rat liver was caused by methyl alcohol followed by toluene and xylene. A combined treatment also promoted collagenesis suggesting a synergistic effect of these solvents.Item Electrophysiological and histopathological changes in peripheral nerves of postnatally undernourished and rehabilitated young rhesus monkeys.(1991-04-01) Rana, S V; Chopra, J S; Mehta, S; Chand, U K; Sharma, UNerve condition velocity of ulnar and tibial nerves and qualitative histology of ulnar nerve were studied in young rhesus monkeys. Motor nerve condition velocity of both the nerves and amplitude of sensory response of ulnar nerve were significantly decreased in even moderate protein calorie malnourished (PCM) group of monkeys. Increased paranodal gap, segmental demyelination, thin myelinated fibres and prominent Schmidt Lanterman Clefts were also observed in PCM group. There was complete recovery in motor nerve conduction velocity in the nerves of both limbs while partial in amplitude of sensory response in proximal segment of ulnar nerve on nutritional rehabilitation of 10-12 weeks.Item Garlic hepatotoxicity: safe dose of garlic.(2006-01-17) Rana, S V; Pal, R; Vaiphei, K; Singh, KInformation on the effect of garlic on the liver and optimal dose of garlic to avoid liver damage is not known. This study was planned to determine the safe dose of garlic. Male wistar rats (110-170g) were fed fresh garlic homogenate (FSH) orally in three different doses (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg body weight/day) daily for 28 days. Liver histology, serum transaminases, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were estimated at 0, 14, 21 and 28 days in control and experimental animals. 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg body weight/day of garlic showed significant (P<0.001) deterioration in liver function tests (LFT's) after 21, 14 and 7 days respectively. A 1.0 g/kg body weight/day dose of garlic was associated with marked histological damage in liver after 21 days. Therefore, three lower doses of garlic (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 g/kg body weight/day) were given orally to another group of similar rats to determine the safe dose of garlic. LFT's were serially measured and animals were sacrificed on the 29th day of experiment. All three lower doses showed significant deterioration in the LFT's values of animals after 28 days of feeding the freshly prepared garlic homogenate. Both doses of garlic i.e. 0.1 and 0.25 g/kg body weight/day were associated with normal histology of liver, but 0.5 g/kg body weight/day dose of garlic showed morphological changes in the liver of one animal. Therefore, the present study suggests that garlic with high dose has the potential ability to induce liver damage and low doses (0.1 or 0.25 g / kg body weight/day) are safe doses of garlic.Item Influence of parathyroidectomy on liver glycogen in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride.(1990-08-01) Rastogi, S; Rana, S VCarbon tetrachloride (CCl4) brings about a rise in cytosolic free calcium which may lead to glycogen mobilization. Therefore, glycogen and glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-pase) levels in the liver of parathyroidectomized (PTX) rats following CCl4 treatment have been estimated. CCl4 depletes both glycogen and G-6-pase levels in the liver. PTX followed by CCl4 administration, however, fails to restore liver glycogen and G-6-pase levels. The results suggest that neither cytosolic Ca2+ nor phospholipase A2 mediation is needed for glycogen mobilization, however, glucocorticoid intervention might have a role in such mechanisms.Item Influence of testosterone and progesterone on fatty liver of rats treated with few halogen alkanes.(1988-10-01) Kumar, S; Rana, S VItem Lactose intolerance in different types of irritable bowel syndrome in north Indians.(2001-10-20) Rana, S V; Mandal, A K; Kochhar, R; Katyal, R; Singh, KBACKGROUND: Twenty-five patients of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 25 normal healthy individuals serving as controls, were studied for lactose intolerance. METHODS: Hydrogen breath test was used as an investigation after giving 50 g of oral lactose. Clinically, the patients were classified into 3 types of IBS. RESULTS: Eleven (44%) out of 25 patients belonged to diarrhoeal type of IBS, 7 (28%) of 25 patients to spastic and rest 7 (28%) of 25 patients had features of both types of symptoms. Lactose hydrogen breath test was abnormal in 9 cases (82%) of 11 diarrhoeal type of IBS which was significantly higher (p < 0.02) than controls. However, the difference of abnormal hydrogen breath test between spastic type of IBS and patients with features of both types was not significant as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that patients with diarrhoeal type of IBS have a higher incidence of lactose intolerance as compared to spastic type as well as patients with features of both types.Item Lactose intolerance in idiopathic ulcerative colitis in north Indians.(1993-04-01) Kochhar, R; Mehta, S K; Goenka, M K; Mukherjee, J J; Rana, S V; Gupta, DThe incidence of lactose intolerance in 60 patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis (IUC) from northern India and the effect of disease activity and extent of colonic involvement on the occurrence of lactose intolerance, was studied. Twenty controls matched for age and sex were also studied using 50 g lactose hydrogen breath test. The incidence of lactose intolerance in patients with IUC (41.7%) was no different from that in the control group (40%). There was however, a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the incidence of lactose intolerance in patients with active colitis (59.1%) as compared to those with quiescent disease (31.5%).Item Lactose malabsorption in apparently healthy adults in northern India, assessed using lactose hydrogen breath test.(2004-03-05) Rana, S V; Bhasin, D K; Naik, NItem Lactose maldigestion in different age groups of north Indians.(2004-01-12) Rana, S V; Bhasin, D K; Naik, N; Subhiah, M; Ravinder, PalLactase activity with age has been reported in a wide variety of population globally. However, most of these studies in human have ignored to assess age stratified lactose maldigestion. Therefore, the present study was planned to determine lactose maldigestion in different age groups of north Indians adults. Two hundred apparently healthy north Indians (age rage 10-80 years) were subjected to a 50g lactose hydrogen breath test by standard method using a Model 12 Microlyzer from Quintron, USA. The percentage of lactose maldigestion was calculated for different age groups with an interval of 10 years. The results of this study revealed that the frequency of lactose maldigestion did not differ significantly among the age groups. Thus, this study suggests that lactose maldigestion is not associated with age stratification among north Indians.Item Lipid peroxidation in liver, kidney and brain of rats after combined exposure to xylene, toluene and methyl alcohol.(1994-12-01) Rana, S V; Kumar, SItem On the enzyme modifying character of PGA2 in the kidney of the squirrel Funambulus pennanti.(1979-08-01) Rana, S V; Gupta, V KItem On the lipid accumulation in molybdenotic rats.(1980-07-01) Rana, S V; Kumar, A