Browsing by Author "Pooja,"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Association of BMI and interleukin gene polymorphism with lifestyle risk factors in diabetes mellitus
    (Wolters Kluwer – Medknow, 2025-03) Singh, Shivangi; Pooja,; Chaturvedi, Shubhangi; Katiyar, Tridiv; Singh, Shefali; Modi, Dinesh Raj
    Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant global health challenge, with a particularly high prevalence among genetically predisposed populations. Environmental and lifestyle factors can activate susceptibility genes, heightening the risk of developing diabetes. Investigating the interplay between genetic and environmental factors is critical for effective T2DM management. This study examines the relationship between body mass index (BMI), the interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene polymorphism (rs2243250), and lifestyle factors among T2DM patients from Northern India. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 175 T2DM patients were categorized into three BMI groups as follows: normal weight, overweight, and obese. Demographic data were collected via surveys, and genotyping was performed using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system. Statistical analyses included chi- square tests and one-way analysis of variance, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and odds ratios (OR) calculated to assess the risk associated with the IL-4 polymorphism. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The heterozygous CT genotype of the IL-4 rs2243250 polymorphism was significantly associated with obesity, observed in 58.13% of obese patients, compared to 40.68% in the overweight group and 20% in the normal BMI group. Most patients (82) were treated with a combination therapy of metformin, pioglitazone, and glimepiride, effectively improving triglycerides, HbA1c, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and blood glucose levels across all BMI categories. Conclusion: The TT genotype of the IL-4 rs2243250 polymorphism may protect against elevated BMI in T2DM patients. Further studies are needed to unravel the complex interactions between genetic polymorphisms, BMI, and lifestyle factors to enhance diabetes management strategies.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effect of sodium nitroprusside on H+-ATPase activity and ATP concentration in Candida albicans.
    (2005-10-21) Haque, Mohammad Mahfuzul; Pooja,; Manzoor, Nikhat; Khan, Luqman A; Basir, Seemi Farhat
    ATP hydrolysis by plasma membrane H+-ATPase from Candida albicans has been investigated in presence of nitric oxide and various nutrients (sugars and amino acids). Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used as nitric oxide donor. It was found that ATP concentration decreased in SNP treated cells which was more in presence of sugars like glucose, xylose and 2-deoxy-D-glucose and amino acids as compared to their respective controls. The activity of H+-ATPase from plasma membrane decreased by 70 % in SNP treated cells. Both in vivo and in vitro treatments of SNP showed almost similar effects of decrease in ATPase activity. Effect of SNP was more pronounced in presence of nutrients. Interestingly, it was observed that vanadate did not show any independent effect in presence of nitric oxide. Several workers have reported similar type of results with other P-type ATPases. For the first time, it was observed in the present study that in presence of nitric oxide, H+-ATPase activity decreased like other P-type ATPases. Our study indicated that NO had a significant effect on ATP synthesis and activity of H+- ATPase. In the presence of NO, the ATP concentration was decreased indicating it affected mitochondrial electron transport chain. It may be concluded that NO, not only affects (inhibit) mitochondrial electron transport chain but also interferes with H+- ATPase of plasma membrane by changing its conformation resulting in decreased activity.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Leptospirosis in northern India: a clinical and serological study.
    (2003-12-30) Sethi, Sunil; Sood, Archana; Pooja,; Sharma, Sarita; Sengupta, Caesar; Sharma, Meera
    A total of 400 serum samples collected from patients, clinically suspected of leptospirosis, were evaluated for antibodies by LEPTO dipstick and microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Twenty of these patients (5%) had serological evidence of leptospirosis. Leptospira interrogans serovars Autumnalis and Icterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola and Javanica were serogroups recorded serologically. Fever and jaundice were the most common clinical presentations. Male preponderance was seen in the leptospirosis cases. Outdoor activities, agricultural activities, contact with animals were significantly associated with seropositivity for Leptospira. This study highlights that leptospirosis is a significant health problem in northern India, though grossly under reported due to the absence of routine laboratory diagnostic facilities for this disease.