Browsing by Author "Paul, A K"
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Item A-scan ultrasonography--a quick and reliable diagnostic method of posterior segment disorder.(1986-01-01) Paul, A K; Tariq, MItem Anaesthetic management of congenital diaphragmatic defect in children.(1983-01-01) Paul, A KItem Angioid streaks.(1977-10-01) Paul, A KItem Antifungal actinomycetes in soils of West Bengal.(1984-02-01) Paul, A K; Banerjee, A KItem Bacterial Endophytes of the Medicinal Herb Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders and Their Antimicrobial Activity.(2013-10) Pal, Arundhati; Paul, A KAims: The ethnobotanical herb Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders (Acanthaceae) is native to India and used in traditional ayurvedic medicines for its pharmacologically important phytochemicals. This study aims to isolate and characterize the culturable bacterial endophytes of H. spinosa and evaluate their antimicrobial properties. Place and Duration of Study: The experiments were performed in the Department of Botany, Serampore College, Serampore as well as in the Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata during 2011 to 2012. Methodology: Bacterial endophytes were isolated from healthy plant tissues following surface sterilization and plating on nutrient agar, glycerol asparagine agar and tryptic soy agar. They were characterized physio-biochemically following standard microbiological and biochemical methods. The endophytes were screened for production of antimicrobial compounds following cross-streak assay against test strains Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas cepacia, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus on nutrient agar plates. Results: Eleven phenotypically distinguishable bacterial endophytes were isolated from surface sterilized leaf, stem and root tissues and Shannon Weaver diversity index clearly revealed more diverse (0.83) types of endophytes in leaves than in stem (0.48) and root (0.41) tissues. Physio-biochemical features of the isolates clearly indicated distinct variation in their sugar fermentation profiles along with NaCl tolerance. The endophytes produced important enzymes like catalase, amylase, gelatinase, nitrate reductase and lipase. The bacterial isolates belonged to the genera Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus and Acidomonas. Antibiotic sensitivity profile, however, have indicated that the isolates were mostly resistant to amoxycillin and bacitracin, while they were highly susceptible to tetracycline followed by neomycin and streptomycin. Interestingly, the bacterial endophytes of H. spinosa give a definite stamp on their antimicrobial activity against E. coli and K. pneumoniae followed by S. aureus. Two isolates, Paenibacillus HGS 202 and Acidomonas HGR 302 obtained from stem and root segments respectively showed antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis, B. cereus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and S. aureus. Conclusion: This study identified 11 bacterial endophytes harbored by the leaves, stem and root of H. spinosa which demonstrated antibacterial activity against Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacterial strains. Moreover these endophytic bacterial isolates could be exploited as sources of antibacterial substances.Item Blue sclera with fragilitas ossium.(1974-03-01) Paul, A K; Singhal, K C; Khan, N AItem Body temperature in children following anaesthesia in non-airconditioned theatre.(1980-04-16) Paul, A KItem Clinical experience with pancuronium in paediatric anaesthesia.(1987-12-01) Paul, A KItem Clinical experiences with vecuronium in children.(1991-05-01) De, M P; Paul, A KThe neuromuscular blocking effects of vecuronium have been investigated clinically in children regarding its efficacy and safety. The drug is given either of the two doses--0.08 mg/kg body weight or 0.1 mg/kg body weight in 40 children as a single intravenous bolus injection for endotracheal intubation. Vecuronium in doses of 0.1 mg/kg body weight provided satisfactory clinical relaxation for ideal intubating conditions in all children in reference to the ease of intubation, intermediate duration of action, spontaneous or easy reversal of the neuromuscular block, cardiovascular stability and absence of serious side-effects. Thus vecuronium may be regarded as a useful muscle relaxant in paediatric anaesthesia.Item Effects of mercury, copper & zinc on the growth, cell division, GA-induced alpha-amylase synthesis & membrane permeability of plant tissues.(1980-08-01) Nag, P; Paul, A K; Mukherji, SItem Effects of metoclopramide and ranitidine on gastric fluid volume and its acidity.(1990-08-01) Paul, A K; Banerjee, BThe effects of metoclopramide 10 mg and ranitidine 150 mg on gastric fluid volume and its pH are studied when given orally either alone or in combination, 3 hours before induction of anaesthesia in adult surgical patients. The study shows that metoclopramide causes reduction of gastric fluid volume but does not elevate its pH. Ranitidine elevates the pH of gastric fluid satisfactorily in all cases, but reduces the gastric volume below the critical level only in 50% cases. A combination of the said two drugs offered most satisfactory protection against acid aspiration syndrome almost in all cases. This regime seems to be superior to either ranitidine or metoclopramide alone in order to reduce the risk factors for aspiration of gastric contents.Item Epignathus.(1977-09-16) Paul, A K; Arora, U SItem Evaluation of in vitro Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium by Cell-Free Extract of Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201.(2013-07) Dey, Satarupa; Paul, A KAims: This study aims at to evaluate the hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] reduction potential of crude cell-free extracts of chromium resistant and reducing bacterium Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201 and determination of optimum conditions for Cr(VI) reduction for possible bioremediation of Cr pollutants. Place and Duration of Study: Chromium reduction studies with Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201, was undertaken in the Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata during 2010-2012. Methodology: Cell-free extract was prepared from freshly grown cell mass of Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201 following the standard procedure. Cell mass suspended in Tris-HCl was sonicated (120 KHz for 30 min), centrifuged (12,000×g at 4ºC for 10 min) and the supernatant (S12) was used as the cell- free extract (CFE). Chromate reductase activity of the CFE was assayed colorimetrically using 1, 5-diphenylcarbazide as the complexing reagent. Results: Chromate reductase activity of CFE of Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201 was constitutive in nature and reduced Cr(VI) with decreasing efficiency as the concentration of Cr(VI) was increased. Its Km and Vmax were 263.45 M Cr(VI) and 17.5 U mg-1 protein respectively. Reduction of Cr(VI) was optimal at pH 7 and 32ºC but was extremely thermolabile. NADH was the most suitable electron donor, and the chromate reduction was enhanced by Cu(II) and Fe(III), but inhibited by Hg(II). Among the different inhibitors tested, 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP) restored nearly 96.4% reductase activity, while carbonyl cyanidem- chloro phenyl hydrazone (CCCP) was most inhibitory to the process. Conclusion: It has been established that the Cr(VI) reduction potential of the cell-free extract of Arthrobacter sp. SUK 1201 is promising and could be exploited in the bioremediation of toxic hexavalent chromium.Item Exopolysaccharide production by some rhizobium strain in culture.(1998-02-12) Ray, P; Pal, S; Paul, A KEight Rhizobium strains were screened for exopolysaccharide production during growth in yeast extract mannitol medium. A strain of Rhizobium loti produced more than 250 mg of exopolysaccharide/100 ml of culture during the stationary phase of growth. Exopolysaccharide production was favoured by maltose and mannitol but N2 supplementation could not affect the production siginificantly. Preliminary studies indicate that the polymer contains 16% protein and 73.5% carbohydrate being composed of glucose, galactose and glucuronic acid.Item Gastroschisis.(1978-12-01) Paul, A K; Sarkar, P KItem Glycopyrrolate in paediatric premedication.(1986-08-01) Paul, A KItem Growth-associated production and characterization of poly (3-hydroxybutyric acid) of Azotobacter beijerinckii DAR-102.(2003-02-17) Manna, A; Paul, A KProduction of poly (3-hydroxybutyric acid) [P(3HB)] by Azotobacter beijerinckii DAR-102 isolated in this laboratory has been optimized under batch-culture. The accumulatad polymer attained 58% of cell dry mass during mid-stationary phase with an yield of 0.58 g/l when grown in nitrogen-free medium. The optimum concentration of glucose and fructose for P(3HB) production was 3% (w/v) and 2% (w/v) respectively while that of casamino acid and tryptose was 0.1% (w/v). Phosphate at a concentration suboptimal for growth and limitation of oxygen in the medium favoured P(3HB) accumulation. The production of P(3HB) was maximum with an inoculum dose of 4% (v/v). The accumulated polymer was isolated by direct chloroform extraction of the dry cell mass and purified by precipitation with diethyl ether. The purified polymer has been characterized in terms of its solubility properties, melting temperature, and UV-, IR- and NMR-spectroscopic analyses.Item Histiocytosis X presenting as chronic discharging ears.(1995-04-01) Paul, A K; Rao, A N; Ramesh, G N; Kattikaran, J; Sudha,Item In vitro effect of an antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces galbus 5ME-13.(1986-02-01) Paul, A K; Banerjee, A K
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