Browsing by Author "Pathak, S."

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    Assessment of occupational health hazards and associated morbidities in sanitation workers of a metropolitan city in India: a cross-sectional study
    (Medip Academy, 2023-10) Gada, N. P.; Shukla, R.; Kumar, P.; Shah, K.; Abhishek, K.; Sarkar, M.; Malhotra, G.; Panchawagh, S.; Pathak, S.
    Background: Rapid economic development in emerging countries has accelerated urbanisation, resulting in a rise in urban population as well as sanitation issues such as garbage buildup, clogged sewers, and unhygienic streets. Sanitation employees' health and safety are impacted by increasing workloads and dangers. Numerous health hazards are highlighted in studies, including those related to their gastrointestinal system, lungs, musculoskeletal system, and infectious disorders. Concerns include psychological issues and cancer as well. Methods: Data from sanitation employees who participated in rotary screening and health checkup activities in Mumbai were analysed in this retrospective cross-sectional research. The study collected demographic information, a self-designed questionnaire on alcohol and cigarette use, and clinical characteristics such blood pressure and haemoglobin levels from participants after they gave informed written consent. Results: The participants in this retrospective observational research from Mumbai, India, included 793 sanitation employees in total. Age, gender, and tobacco/alcohol use were among the participant variables and targeted results that we looked at. The significant results obtained were cataract on one side 17/793, erythroplakia 1/793 and leukoplakia 26/793. Conclusions: It is essential to acknowledge their accomplishments and provide greater assistance. Waste disposal is difficult in poor countries because of the prevalence of organic waste. To protect employees, immediate action and the appropriate protective equipment are required.
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    Biochemical Studies of Annatto Coloured Guava Beverages on Storage
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2024-01) Kumar, A; Singh, KK; Gupta, S; Harendra; Singh, RS; Singh, G; Singh, M; Pathak, S.
    A study was carried out on biochemical studies of guava beverages during storage in Laboratory of the Department of Post-harvest Technology, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya during 2018-19. Pink or red guava is generally used in processing industry due to its attractive pulp colour, making a significant contribution to food industry. Colour is an integral part of any processed food product since colour makes the processed food product attractive. In the present experiment, different amounts of annatto seed were used for adding color to white fleshed guava beverages, i.e., RTS and Squash. The results reveal that 0.8 g annatto seeds were found the most appropriate quantity for colouring one-litre RTS and 2 g annatto seeds for coloring one litre squash. It was also observed that the guava RTS and squash retained normal annatto color for eight months, thereafter, both the beverages started showing non-enzymatic browning during storage. The extract of annatto seeds was also found to act as preservative for both the processed products of guava.
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    Emergency airway management in a patient with facial trauma: Combining clinical judgment and skill with fortuity
    (Mansa STM Publishers, 2024-03) Jain, N; Gupta, B; Kathiravan, T; Pathak, S.
    Airway management in maxillofacial trauma is a challenging task. Distorted anatomy leading to difficult face mask ventilation and intubation requires clinical expertise in emergency scenarios. Planning and managing such challenging airways in a timely manner requires the utmost cooperation from the patient. Here, we present a case of self-inflicted facial gunshot injury that was posted for surgical tracheostomy followed by facial wound exploration and repair. Uncooperative behavior and irritability of the patient were toppings to the difficult airway, however, timely clinical judgment and replanning according to the case requirement contributed to the successful airway management during emergency hours.
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    Enhanced pregnancy outcomes with intrauterine platelet-rich plasma infusion in women following failed personalized embryo transfer guided by endometrial receptivity assay
    (Medip Academy, 2025-03) Kaul, N; Sharma, M; Pathak, S.
    Background: Altered endometrial receptivity is an important cause of implantation failure. The embryo-endometrial asynchrony due to ovarian stimulation in IVF cycles contributes to low success rates. Frozen embryo transfer (FET) has become popular a method to overcome this asynchrony. Endometrial receptivity array (ERA) is a molecular test that differentiates a receptive from a non-receptive endometrium. Studies suggest that a personalised embryo transfer (pET) guided by ERA in FET cycles, improves pregnancy rates in recurrent implantation failure (RIF) patients. Despite pET not all patients achieve implantation. Intrauterine infusion of platelet-rich plasma (IUPRP) is emerging as an innovative technique to enhance fertility outcomes in patients with impaired endometrial receptivity. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) contains an abundance of growth factors and cytokines thought to enhance endometrial growth and receptivity. Aim of the study was to evaluate the role of IUPRP in improving pregnancy rate in patients with failed pET. Methods: 53 patients with two previous pET failures, having an endometrial thickness ?7 mm were included in this observational cohort study. FET was planned in a hormone replacement cycle. 0.4 ml PRP prepared by double centrifugation technique was infused into the uterus on the day of starting progesterone. Results: A pregnancy rate of 64.1% and Live birth rate of 49.06% was achieved at FET after IUPRP infusion. Miscarriage rate was 17.6%. These results are similar to pregnancy and live birth rates achieved in our non-RIF IVF patients. Conclusions: Our study suggests an improved reproductive outcome with infusion of IUPRP in patients with who failed to implant after pET.
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    Is objective structured practical examination a cutting-edge assessment tool over traditional practical examination to prepare future “Indian Medical Graduate?” A study from Department of Pathology at a Government Medical College in West Bengal
    (Mrs Dipika Charan of MedScience (India) Publications, 2022-01) Mukhopadhyay, D; Jana, S; Koley, S; De, A; Sengupta, S; Pathak, S.
    Background: With the continuous evolution of medical education, an appropriate assessment method is the need of the hour. Most unavoidable drawback of traditional practical examination (TPE) is its subjectivity, which can be overcome by newer methods such as objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE). Hence, many studies have been conducted to reevaluate the efficiency of TPE and nowadays assessment of undergraduate students who are going to be Indian Medical Graduate (IMG) always remains the topic of debate. Aim and Objectives: The aim of our study is to compare OSPE and TPE by obtaining the feedback of examiner and examinee and also by the marks obtained by students. Materials and Methods: It was an analytical study with longitudinal design. The study was conducted after receiving approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Total 140 students were included in the study. In 2nd professional MBBS at third semester, two internal examinations were held in 2019, first one was TPE and the second one was based on OSPE. After the completion of OSPE, students’ and teachers’ opinion were collected by given pre-validated questionnaire. Results: There were significant (P =< 0.05) difference between mean score in OSPE (17.1) and TPE (14.26) among students. According to students, OSPE reduces examiner’s bias (84.2%), was less stressful than TPE (78.5%) and also fair and objective as compared to TPE (85%). According to teacher’s opinion, OSPE requires more time, demands critical thinking of students (77.7%), more objective and eliminates bias (94.4%), ensures uniformity (64.4%), but they opined that depth of knowledge cannot be assessed by OSPE (83.3%). Most of the students (93.5%) and teachers (77.7%) said that OSPE should be included in Pathology practical examination. Conclusion: In our study, both teachers and students have given feedback in favor of OSPE as an assessment tool in practical examination of undergraduate medical students. In our opinion, OSPE should be included as an assessment tool in 2nd year undergraduate pathology practical examination to prepare future IMG.
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    Pattern of hemoglobinopathies in females attending in antenatal clinic with special reference to the role of RBC parameters in beta-thalassemia carrier detection
    (Mrs Dipika Charan of MedScience (India) Publications, 2022-12) Mukhopadhyay, D; Chakraborty, A; Bagdi, S; Samaddar, A; Pathak, S.
    Background: Hemoglobinopathies are the major cause of anemia throughout the world complicating pregnancy outcome. Hence, detection of hemoglobinopathies in antenatal period is of critical importance as it not only predict the possibility of birth of a child with thalassemia but also reduces the complications associated with anemia in pregnancy. Hence, identification of a reliable cost-effective screening method for detection of hemoglobinopathies is of utmost importance. Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of red blood cell (RBC) parameters including hemoglobin (Hb%), RBC count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) in detection of thalassemia carriers among healthy antenatal mothers in a tertiary care hospital of Eastern India. Materials and Methods: Venous blood samples were collected from total 1458 antenatal mothers aged 18 years or above with <17 weeks of gestation and were analyzed for complete blood count, serum ferritin level, and high-performance liquid chromatography for identification of abnormal Hb. Patients with iron deficiency anemia as diagnosed by serum ferritin <15 ng/ml were excluded from this study. Results: The prevalence of hemoglobinopathy was found to be 12.55% with ß-thalassemia trait (BTT) being the most common type (7.9%). All the RBC parameters were significantly lower among the BTT group compared to individuals with normal or other hemoglobinopathies (P < 0.05). Conclusion: RBC parameters such as Hb, RBC, MCV, and MCH can be used as cost-effective yet very effective screening method to identify different hemoglobinopathies among antenatal mothers.
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    Role of glycemic control on lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus-a cross-sectional study in tertiary care hospital of West Bengal
    (Mrs Dipika Charan of MedScience (India) Publications, 2022-01) Chakrabarti, P; Samaddar, A; Chakraborty, A; Mukhopadhyay, D; Pathak, S.
    Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the common conditions associated with poor glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease which is the leading cause of death in these patients. Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the gold standard test for monitoring glycemic control. Thus, the level of HbA1c could potentially be utilized as a possible biomarker for predicting the risk of dyslipidemia. However, there is a discrepancy in the data available till now regarding the relationship between HbA1c and the lipid profile. Hence, it requires further studies. Aim and Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess the role of glycemic control (as indicated by HbA1c level in blood) on lipid profile of patients with T2DM. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study done over a period of 5 months. Total 165 participants were randomly selected from out patient department OPD of which 138 were diagnosed cases of T2DM and 27 were age and sex-matched non-diabetic healthy individuals. Patients of T2DM were sub grouped based on American Diabetic Association Criteria (2013) as having either controlled diabetes with HbA1c ?7% or uncontrolled diabetes with HbA1c >7%. Blood samples collected from all the participants were analyzed for HbA1c and lipid profile using standard methods. The collected data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software using appropriate statistical method. Results: In the present study, we found a significant positive correlation between HbA1c and total cholesterol, Triglyceride, Low-density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins (P < 0.01) though high-density lipoprotein was not significantly correlated with HbA1c level. Conclusion: We concluded that apart from a reliable index of glycemic control, HbA1c can also be used as a predictor of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients, and thus regular monitoring of it can help us to reduce the mortality of these patients.