Browsing by Author "Parida, S"
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Item Attitude and practice of self-medication among 2nd-year dental students in a tertiary care teaching hospital: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study(Mrs Dipika Charan of MedScience (India) Publications, 2022-09) Das, S; Parida, S; Misra, D; Bose, M.Background: It is a common believe that self medication prevails more in medical students. Dental students do believe in self medication. With this background, current study aimed to determine the attitude and practice of self medication among dental students. Aim and Objective: To know prevalence, attitude and practice of self medication among dental students in a dental college. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 2nd year dental students in a tertiary care teaching hospital to assess attitude and practice regarding self-medication. Data were collected from 90 students using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. Results: The study finding revealed that overall prevalence of self medication is 86.67% among the participants. There is an increase in prevalence of self medication from 58.97 to 86.67% after joining to professional course. Most common source of self medication is senior抯 advice (92.30%) followed by book reference (83.33%). Most common disease for which self medication is used are fever, headache/body ache, cold/flu (100%) followed by acid peptic disease (92.30%). The use of self medication is more in communicable/infectious disease (91.02%) than noncommunicable disease (62.82%). Most commonly used drug for self medication are analgesics, antiallergics and antipyretics (100%) followed by antacid/PPI (84.61%). The prevalence of use of antibiotics among the participants are 73.07%. 26.29% participants use herbal medication as self medication. Most of the participants use self medication as and when basis (52.57%). Only 25.64% participant took full course of the medication and 21.79% participants use self medication for long term. Most of the participants strongly agree or agree for self medication in community and among dental students. About 54% disagree saying medicine should be prescribed by licensed medical practitioner. Conclusion: Attitude and practice of the students towards self-medication was positive and reason being dental students and influence of seniors. Since they are in the initial year of course with inadequate knowledge, awareness must be created about appropriate use and adverse drug reaction arising from self-medication.Item Clinicopathological Study of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology in Odisha(Association of Physicians of India, 2022-10) Parida, S; Das, S; Kar, A; Routray, Rakesh KumarIntroduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is emerging as a serious health problem in Odisha, India. A new form of severe CKD affecting adults, not due to traditional risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, has been reported in Sri Lanka, Central America, and Egypt in the last two decades. This has been named CKD of unknown origin (CKDu), and it is fatal due to late recognition and rapid disease progression. The aim of the study was to elucidate the association between different sociodemographic, and biochemical parameters with renal morphology in CKD of unknown origin patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 124 consecutive patients with CKD from the period January 2018 to December 2018. Patients in the age group 18–60 years who met clinical criteria for CKD were included. Participants answered a questionnaire. After the necessary history, clinical evaluation, and blood and urine analyses, a kidney biopsy was undertaken. Kidney biopsy was feasible in 51 patients as the rest 61 patients had shrunken kidneys and 12 patients did not give consent. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, obstructive kidney disease or any other congenital diseases, snakebite, pregnancy, malignancy, gout, primary hyperparathyroidism, infectious diseases like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), TB, Hepatitis B and C, malaria, syphilis, leprosy and coagulopathies were excluded. Among the 51 patients, 23 had CKDu, 25 had chronic glomerulonephritis and three biopsies were inconclusive. Results: The mean age of CKDu patients was 36.78 ± 9.85 years. Males (73.9%) were predominantly affected. A family history of CKD was seen in 82.6% of CKDu cases. Hyponatremia and hypokalemia were predominant biochemical abnormalities in our CKDu cases. Binary logistic regression showed rural residence, family history of CKD, exposure to smoke from burning coal, charcoal, or biomass fuels, low socioeconomic status, and low body mass index were strongly associated with CKDu. There was an increased risk of developing CKDu in persons with a family history of CKD [p = 0.003, odds ratio (OR)— 17.58], persons exposed to smoke from burning coal, charcoal or biomass fuels (p = 0.003, OR- 32.4), and patients with low socio-economic status (p = 0.001, OR- 15.87). Interstitial fibrosis (IF), interstitial inflammation with mononuclear infiltration, tubular atrophy (TA), and global glomerulosclerosis (GS) were pertinent histopathological findings in our study. Conclusion: There is no strong evidence for a single cause for CKDu, and multiple environmental, occupational and social factors are probably involved. We need to design consistent and comparative multisite studies to identify etiologies of CKDu, across high-risk populations that may help elucidate the importance of region-specific vs global risk factors.