Browsing by Author "Ngomo, JMN"

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    Microfilaremic Loiasis and Mansonella perstans Infection Prevalence and Sociodemographic Risk Factors in Urban and Rural Provinces of Gabon, Central Africa
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2025-01) Akomezoghe, LN; M’bondoukwé, NP; Mouandza, RM; Ngomo, JMN; Ditombi, BCM; Mihindou, CJ; Mabicka, DAM; Mengome, MFA; Ngondza, BP; Kombila, M; Akotet, MKB; Mboumba, DPM.
    Introduction: Loiasis and blood mansonellosis are parasitic vector borne diseases, the most widespread in Gabon after malaria. Loiasis presents all characteristics of a Neglected Tropical Diseases with recent implication on excess mortality among hypermicrofilaremia patients and Mansonella perstans seems to interact with other pathogens. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and sociodemographic risk factors associated with loiasis and blood mansonellosis in three provinces of Gabon with different levels of urbanization. Methods: Participants were recruited in the province of Woleu-Ntem (rural area), Ngounié (rural area) and Estuaire (urban area). This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to April 2022. Sociodemographic data were collected and venous blood was collected in an EDTA tube for detection of Loa loa and Mansonella perstans microfilariae by direct microscopic examination and leukoconcentration techniques. Results: A total of 2,132 participants were included: 1,342 in the Woleu-Ntem, 492 in the Estuaire and 298 in the Ngounié. Loiasis prevalence was 23.6% (n=503/2,132), 8.7% (n= 185/2,132) for Mansonella perstans infection and 2.4% (n=51/2,131) for co-infection in the study population. Loa loa was found more frequently in Woleu-Ntem compared to Ngounié (OR: 1.9 [CI 95%: 1.4-2.8]; p< 0.01) and Estuaire (OR: 2.9 [CI 95%: 2.1-4.1]; p< 0.01). Regarding Mansonella perstans, the risk of having microfilaremia was 14 and 7 times higher in Ngounié compared to Estuaire (OR: 14.7 [CI 95%: 7.9-29.8]) (p< 0.01) and Woleu-Ntem (OR: 7.3 [CI 95%: 5.2-10.3]) (p< 0.01). The microfilaremia geometric mean was significantly higher in the group of infected inhabitants from Ngounié sites (p< 0.01). No risk factors were found in Estuaire province for both filariasis. In Ngounié, participants older than 29 years old were less frequently infected by Loa loa and Mansonella perstans (p< 0.01). In Woleu-Ntem, men and the older people were more infected than their counterparts (p< 0.01). Conclusions: Loiasis and blood mansonellosis burden are higher in rural settings, although also present in the Estuaire. Age and gender were differently associated with these blood filariasis carriage in the three provinces.
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    Trends in ITN Use Prevalence among Children Attending for Malaria Diagnosis in the Main Sentinel Site for Malaria Surveillance of Gabon: Data from 2010 to 2020
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-12) Ditombi, BCM; Mihindou, CJ; Ognagosso, FBB; Moussavou, DAM; Nguema, OAM; M’Bondoukwé, NP; Ngomo, JMN; Boulingui, CM; Owone, MMN; Mebale, ME; Bouyou-Akotet, MK; Mawili-Mboumba, DP.
    Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the trends of ITN use and age disparities among children attending for malaria diagnosis in the main sentinel site for malaria surveillance of Gabon. Methodology: Data were collected from September 2023 to October 2023 at the malaria sentinel site for malaria survey of the Regional Hospital of Melen in Gabon. Data from 2010 to 2020, including age, gender, years of screening and ITN use the night before the consultation were reported on a case report form. Results: Data from 13687 children were analyzed, the rate of ITN use was 57.7% (n=7902). The trend of ITN use decreased significantly from 76.2% in 2011 to 41.9% in 2017, with a slight increase until 2019 (54.9%). According to age, use of ITN was more frequently reported in infants (64.1%) and children aged between 2 to less than 5 years (57.1%) compared to older children (53.1%) and adolescents (51.2%) (P<0.01). Although the rate of mosquito net use significantly decreased in all the age groups, the odds of net use remained the highest in children under 5 years and lowest among the adolescents (P<0.01). Conclusion: The ITN use coverage is still insufficient in Libreville. Efforts should be done to achieve the universal coverage of ITN ownership and use toreduce malaria transmission in Gabon.