Browsing by Author "Mittal, S"
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Item Accidental insertion of two Lippe's loops.(1981-11-01) Mittal, S; Goel, R KItem Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva dissecting into interventricular septum with left ventricular communication.(2005-07-15) Manocha, S; Chouhani, N S; Mittal, S; Omar, A K; Kasliwal, Ravi RSeptal dissection with left ventricular communication is a rare complication of aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva. This report describes a case of aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva with septal dissection, almost in its entirety with left ventricular communication--which is a very rare occurrence.Item Antioxidant levels in blood and seminal plasma and their impact on sperm parameters in infertile men.(2010-02) Shamsi, M B; Venkatesh, S; Kumar, R; Gupta, N P; Malhotra, N; Singh, N; Mittal, S; Arora, S; Arya, D S; Talwar, P; Sharma, R K; Dada, RExcess reactive oxygen species (ROS) beyond the scavenging capacity of antioxidants leads to DNA damage and oxidation of lipoprotein components at the cellular and subcellular level. The oxidative stress (OS) adversely affects sperm function by altering membrane fluidity, permeability and impairs sperm functional competence. In the present study, the OS status in seminal plasma and blood serum in infertile men and its relationship with spermatozoa parameters have been investigated. Four groups of infertile men viz., oligozoospermic (n = 15), asthenozoospermic (n = 17), teratozoospermic (n = 19), and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (n = 9), and healthy fertile controls (n = 40) have been analyzed for superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in seminal plasma and blood serum. Significant correlation between blood serum SOD and sperm count has been observed in patients (p = 0.018) and controls (p = 0.021). Similarly, significant correlation between blood serum GSH and sperm progressive motility in patients (p = 0.036) and controls (p = 0.029) is observed. The low seminal MDA is associated with increase in sperm progressive motility in patients (p = 0.039) and controls (p = 0.028). Positive correlation is found between increased seminal MDA levels and abnormal sperm morphology in both patients and controls (r = 0.523, p = 0.029; r = 0.612, p = 0.034 respectively). Correlations between blood SOD and sperm count and between blood GSH levels and progressive motility suggest that these can be important biochemical markers in assaying the sperm count and motility. A negative correlation of motility with seminal MDA indicates that sperm membrane lipid peroxidation affects the fluidity and thus mobility of sperm axoneme. This affects functional competence of the sperm and acts like a biological safeguard. The results of the present study suggest the prospects of using the blood serum and seminal plasma antioxidants as a valuable tool to evaluate the sperm reproductive capacity and functional competence.Item Aphasic syndrome.(1988-11-01) Bhatia, M S; Singhal, P K; Balkrishna,; Mittal, SItem Association of Helicobacter pylori with peptic perforation in Chattisgarh region of India.(2000-01-03) Sharma, A K; Mittal, S; Malvi, S KBACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is present in over 90% cases of peptic ulcer. There are very few reports regarding prevalence of H. pylori infection in peptic ulcer perforation which is the commonest complication of peptic ulcer disease. In the present study we have drawn this association. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 44 cases of peptic perforation were included in this study. Per-operative biopsy was taken from the margin of perforation. The criteria for H. pylori positivity were, Positive Rapid Urease Test and evidence of H. pylori infection on histological examination using Modified Giemsa and H&E stains. RESULTS: Prevalence of H. pylori infection in peptic perforation was 61.4%. This is well above the usual prevalence in normal population of 45%. H. pylori infection was significantly more common in cases of chronic dyspepsia (> 6 months) and not significantly related to sex, blood group, addiction, family history of acid peptic disease and previous H2 blocker therapy. INFERENCE: H. pylori is found more commonly in patients with peptic ulcer perforation than in those without.Item Blindness due to firearm eye injuries in rural western Uttar Pradesh.(1999-09-20) Gupta, A; Mittal, SIn a retrospective analysis of 440 cases of firearm injuries, 104 patients had ocular injuries. Following treatment only 14 patients (13.5%) could regain visual acuity of > or = 6/60.Item Brainstem encephalopathy following antirabic vaccination. A case report.(1971-10-01) Mittal, H S; Mehrotra, T N; Gupta, A K; Mittal, SItem Carpal tunnel syndrome with propranolol.(1993-05-01) Anand, K S; Mittal, S; Singh, N PItem Comet assay: A prognostic tool for DNA integrity assessment in infertile men opting for assisted reproduction.(2010-05) Shamsi, M B; Venkatesh, S; Tanwar, M; Singh, G; Mukherjee, S; Malhotra, N; Kumar, R; Gupta, N P; Mittal, S; Dada, RBackground & objectives: The growing concern on transmission of genetic diseases in assisted reproduction technique (ART) and the lacunae in the conventional semen analysis to accurately predict the semen quality has led to the need for new techniques to identify the best quality sperm that can be used in assisted procreation techniques. This study analyzes the sperm parameters in the context of DNA damage in cytogenetically normal, AZF non deleted infertile men for DNA damage by comet assay. Methods: Seventy infertile men and 40 fertile controls were evaluated for the semen quality by conventional semen parameters and the sperms were also analyzed for DNA integrity by comet assay. The patients were classified into oligozoospermic (O), asthenozoospermic (A), teratozoospermic (T), oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) categories and infertile men with normal semen profile. The extent of DNA damage was assessed by visual scoring method of comets. Results: Idiopathic infertile men with normal semen profile (n=18) according to conventional method and patients with history of spontaneous abortions and normal semen profile (n=10) had high degree of DNA damage (29 and 47% respectively) as compared to fertile controls (7%). The O, A, T and OAT categories of patients had a variably higher DNA damage load as compared to fertile controls. Interpretation & conclusions: The normal range and threshold for DNA damage as a predictor of male fertility potential and technique which could assess the sperm DNA damage are necessary to lower the trauma of couples experiencing recurrent spontaneous abortion or failure in ART.Item Congenital megalourethra.(1997-09-20) Mathur, P; Gupta, H; Mittal, S; Khamesara, H L; Pendse, A KCongenital non-obstructive dilatation of penile urethra (megalourethra) can result from absence of corpus spongiosum alone (scaphoid) or along with the absence of corpora cavernosa (fusiform). Associated urogenital or other systemic anomalies are usually present and require detection and appropriate management. Urethroplasty (Nesbitt) gives desirable results. Condition has been reviewed with report of a case.Item Cornea stress test--evaluation of corneal endothelial function in vivo by contact lens induced stress.(1997-03-01) Saini, J S; Mittal, S; Anand, MReliable and valid assessment of corneal endothelial function is a critical input for diagnosing, prognosticating and monitoring progression of disorders affecting corneal endothelium. In 123 eyes, corneal endothelial function was assessed employing data from the corneal hydration recovery dynamics. Serial pachometric readings were recorded on Haag-Striet pachometer with Mishima-Hedbys modification before and after two hours of thick soft contact lens wear. Percentage Recovery Per Hour (PRPH) was derived from raw data as an index of endothelial function. Assessed PRPH in pseudophakic corneal oedema and Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy eyes (35.9 +/- 9.8%) was significantly lower than normal controls (61.9 +/- 10.5%). On employing receiver operation characteristics curve analysis the tested results demonstrated high sensitivity (87%) and specificity (92%) for detection of low endothelial function at PRPH cut off of 47.5%. Using this PRPH cut off, 80% of Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy and 93.3% of pseudophakic corneal oedema eyes could be demonstrated to have low endothelial function. A total of 66.7% of diabetic eyes also demonstrated PRPH of lower than 47.5%. Clear corneal grafts demonstrated PRPH values of 24.6% to 73.0%. Of 6 corneal grafts that demonstrated initial PRPH of lower than 47.5%, 4 failed within 4 to 6 months. Our data demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity of this corneal stress test. PRPH index was useful in quantifying endothelial function in clinical disorders including diabetes mellitus. The index PRPH was demonstrated to be useful in monitoring and prognosticating outcome of corneal grafts.Item Correlation of radiological and pathological assessment of tumour volume with lymph node involvement in cancer cervix.(1998-03-16) Murmu, D; Bhatla, N; Bhargava, V L; Mittal, S; Kinra, G; Singh, M K; Rao, R CThe present study was carried out in 18 patients with carcinoma cervix stage IB through early IIB-Preoperative computerised tomography (C.T.) was done within seven days before surgery. Volume of tumour was determined from the C. T. films. Radical hysterectomy Type-III was performed in all 18 patients and specimens of cervix, parametrium and lymph nodes subjected to histopathological examination. Each specimen of cervix was cut into 4 to 12 equal sections depending on the size of the tumour mass. Cervical tumour volume was measured. Correlation of radiological with pathological tumour volume and of tumour volume with lymph node involvement was done. C. T. Scan was able to detect tumour mass accurately only four patients (Sensitivity 40%, Specificity 28.5%). In the Indian setting the conventional surgical approach appears to be the more appropriate.Item Cytological evaluation of conjunctival scrape smears in cases of conjunctivitis.(1992-04-01) Dewan, S; Mittal, S; D'Souza,; Logani, K BThe present study was conducted on 130 cases of untreated conjunctivitis and 25 control cases to assess the diagnostic value of cytology. Conjunctival scrapings from all cases were stained with Giemsa and Papanicoloau's stain and categorized cytologically and later correlated with the clinical profile. Normal cytologic profile was obtained in 7 cases (5.4%) of the study group and 14 cases (56%) of the control group. Cytologic diagnosis of trachoma was made in 63 cases (48.5%) including 48 out of 51 clinically diagnosed cases of trachoma, 9 cases of allergic conjunctivitis and 6 cases of acute follicular conjunctivitis, positive clinico cytologic correlation being 76.2%. Mucopurulent conjunctivitis was diagnosed in 24 cases (18.5%) both clinically as well as by cytological technique. Viral conjunctivitis was diagnosed in 24 cases (18.5%) including 19 cases (14.6%) of clinically diagnosed viral conjunctivitis and 5 cases (3.9%) of acute follicular conjunctivitis, positive correlation being 79.2%. Only 2 cases (1.5%) out of 15 clinically diagnosed cases of allergic conjunctivitis were confirmed cytologically. In all the 4 cases (3.1%) of spring catarrh and 6 cases (4.6%) of phlyctenular conjunctivitis the cytologic features were found to be consistent with the clinical diagnosis.Item Cytological study of serous effusions with the aid of tumour markers.(1999-01-05) Ray, K; Mittal, S; Gupta, H; Jain, MClinicocytological evaluation with the help of tumour markers was done in 25 cases presenting with serous effusions. The main aim was to differentiate between reactive mesothelial cells and malignant cells, type the tumour cells in effusions with the aid of tumour markers--carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratin and vimentin. It was observed that immunocytochemistry has complemented conventional cytology in diagnosis of carcinoma specially in cases labelled as suspicious of malignancy. EMA was found to be the most reliable epithelial marker and very useful in differentiating carcinoma cells from reactive mesothelial cells.Item Development of an antigen capture enzyme immuno assay using genus specific monoclonal antibodies for detection of Chlamydia in clinical specimens.(1996-02-01) Mohanty, S; Satpathy, G; Mittal, S; Panda, S KAn antigen capture enzyme immuno assay (EIA) for Chlamydia antigen detection was developed using polyclonal rabbit immunoglobulins against C. trachomatis, a genus specific antichlamydial murine monoclonal antibody (IgG) against major outer membrane protein (MOMP) antigen of C. trachomatis and a commercial anti mouse IgG immunoglobulin conjugated with HRPO. The test was evaluated against a direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA). Conjunctival specimens from 178 patients with follicular conjunctivitis and cervical specimens from 82 patients with cervicitis were tested for Chlamydia antigen detection by both the tests. Chlamydia antigen was detected in 69/178 (38.76%) and 68/178 (38.20%) of the conjunctival specimen by using EIA and DFA tests respectively. It could also be detected in 24/82 (29.27%) and 22/82 (26.83%) of the cervical specimens by EIA and DFA tests respectively. The sensitivity of the EIA test was 92.64 per cent and 86.36 per cent for the conjunctival and cervical specimens respectively against the reference DFA test. The specificity of the EIA test was found to be 94.54 and 91.66 per cent respectively against the reference DFA test.Item Discrete subvalvular aortic stenosis in adults.(2001-03-09) Kasliwal, R R; Sharma, B D; Kohli, V; Mittal, S; Trehan, NDiscrete subvalvular aortic stenosis is a relatively rare condition in adults. It is often diagnosed during first decade of life especially in association with other congenital malformations. Isolated form of discrete subvalvular aortic stenosis may however silently progress from innocent murmurs of childhood and adolescence to symptomatic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in adults. Certain overt and subtle morphological abnormalities may underlie the initial expression as well as high recurrence rates after surgical resection of sub aortic membrane. Though surgical resection is the only treatment available, debate on the surgical technique and appropriate timing of surgery continues. Close followup with serial echocardiographic examinations in patients detected to have functional murmurs during childhood may be helpful in early detection of subvalvular aortic stertosis.Item Discrete subvalvular aortic stenosis.(2000-11-20) Sharma, B D; Mittal, S; Kasliwal, R R; Trehan, N; Kohli, VDiscrete Subaortic Stenosis is one of the many lesions responsible for left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. It may present as in an isolated from as membranous or fibromuscular ring below the aortic valve or in association with other congenital anamolies such as VSD, PDA, coarctation of aorta, hypoplastic aortic annulus, double chamber right ventricle among others. The condition is rarely diagnosed antenataly or in infancy but often manifests in the first decade of life with features of progressive LVOT obstruction, LV hypertrophy and dysfunction aortic regurgitation due to damage to the aortic cusps because of the jet from the subaortic narrowing which may also render the aortic valve prone to infective endocarditis. Interaction of genetic predisposition and morphologically deformed long and narrow LVOT cause rheological abnormalities and increased shear stress in the region of subaortic stenosis and seem to be the main etiological factor alongwith poorly defined role of more extensive but subtle changes in the LV endocardium. Condition can be easily diagnosed by cross-sectional and Doppler echocardiography and confirmed by demonstrating a pressure gradient below aortic valve on cardiac catheterisation and LV angiography. Surgical membranectomy alongwith myotomy or myomectomy remain the mainstay of treatment but long term results are not satisfactory as there is a high rate of recurrences requiring reoperations. A close follow up with serial echocardiographic examinations is very helpful in early detection of subaortic obstruction in patients who have so called functional murmurs in the childhood.Item Effect of gossypol on testes & epididymis of albino rats.(1988-04-01) Kaur, P; Khullar, M; Mittal, S; Rai, U CItem Effect of some pesticides/weedicides on cathepsin B activity and lysosomal membrane.(1993-06-01) Mittal, S; Raghav, N; Pal, S; Kamboj, R C; Singh, HThe in vitro inhibitory effects of various weedicides and pesticides on goat brain cathepsin B and their labilizing potency on the lysosomal membrane were quantitated. Endosulfan an organochlorine insecticide inhibited the enzymic activity to approximately 50% at 7 mM concentration followed by methyl parathion, aldrin, melathion and benzene hexachloride (BHC) in that order. Among the weedicides, butachlor was found to be most inhibitory (approximately 50% activity was lost at 6 mM) followed by isoproturone (28%) and anilophos (19%). When the labilizing/stabilizing potency of all these drugs was observed on lysosomal membrane it was found that none of these was capable of stabilizing the membrane. At 40 degrees C and 1 mM drug concentration, aldrin, endosulfan, melathion and anilophos were found to be strong labilizers of the lysosomal membrane. Others like isoproturone, BHC and methyl parathion had moderate labilizing effect. The labilization potency of the drugs was temperature dependent and was less pronounced at 25 degrees C as compared to 40 degrees C.Item Effect of splenectomy on chronic hepatic injury by carbon tetrachloride in albino rats.(1978-03-01) Chandra, M; Maheshwari, H B; Mittal, S; Mittal, M M