Browsing by Author "Mathew, T"
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Item Bacterial endocarditis caused by abiotrophia defectiva (nutritionally variant streptococci).(2000-09-21) Verghese, S; Mullasari, A; Padmaja, P; Mathew, T; Elizabeth, S J; Chitra, A K; Anitha, A; Maria, C F; Cherian, K MItem Bacterial endocarditis caused by Brucella melitensis biotype I.(2000-03-14) Verghese, S; Padmaja, P; Elizabeth, S J; Anitha, A; Palani, G M; Mathew, T; Manjunath, B V; Cherian, K MItem Candida tropicalis causing prosthetic valve endocarditis.(2005-04-02) Nagaraja, P A; Mathew, T; Shetty, D PThe incidence of endocarditis produced by the so-called "opportunists" as a complication of prosthetic valve surgery is progressively increasing in frequency and gradually transforming the clinical picture habitually associated with this disease. Candida endocarditis is an unusual but severe complication caused by Candida albicans or other fungal species. This case and a review of the literature indicate that Candida endocarditis treated with amphotericin B and prosthetic valve replacement may recur months after treatment, and that late recurrent Candida endocarditis, which is difficult to diagnose and treat, may be best prevented by lifelong antifungal suppressive therapy.Item A case study: Meckel's diverticulum.(1974-07-01) Mathew, TItem A comparative study of the intestinal parasites prevalent among children living in rural and urban settings in and around Chennai.(2002-03-30) Fernandez, Maria Carol; Verghese, Susan; Bhuvaneswari, R; Elizabeth, S J; Mathew, T; Anitha, A; Chitra, A KA comparative analysis of the various intestinal parasites detected among children attending schools was carried out in a rural and urban location in and around Chennai. A total of 324 stool samples were examined by routine microscopy using normal saline and Lugol's iodine preparation as well as by saturated sodium chloride flotation technique. All suspicious samples were subjected to zinc sulphate concentration technique as well as modified Ziehl Neelson stain and Trichrome stains to identify the other uncommon intestinal parasites. Out of 125 specimens tested from the rural location, the overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 91%. Ascaris lumbricoides was the most common helminthic parasite detected (52.8%) followed by Trichuris trichura (45.6%), Ancylostoma duodenale (37.6%), Strongyloides stercoralis (3.2%) and Hymenolepis nana (1.6%). Giardia lamblia was the most common protozoan parasite detected (16%), followed by Entamoeba histolytica (4%). In contrast under urban settings, out of the 199 stool specimens tested the positivity rate was 33%. Giardia was the most common parasite detected (22.6%) followed by Entamoeba histolytica (10.6%). All other intestinal parasites such as T. trichura (2.01%), H. nana (1.01%) and A. lumbricoides (0.50%) were found to have much lower prevalence in comparison to the rural area tested. Enterobius vermicularis (0.50%) was also detected. Ancylostoma duodenale and Strongyloides stercoralis were not encountered at all in the urban setting studied.Item Cryopreservation of cardiac homografts.(1999-05-07) Verghese, S; Sudha, P; Padmaja, P; Mathew, T; Prabhakar, P; Arumugam, S B; Murthy, K S; Cherian, K MA homograft valve bank for cryopreservation of cardiac homografts was established at the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases in July 1995. From July 1995 to February 1999, 169 donor hearts were processed. All except four hearts were procured post mortem. Aortic valves (149) and pulmonary valves (139) were the common homografts dissected out for use. The valves were immersed in a cocktail of five broad spectrum antibiotics and antifungals for an average of 48 to 72 hours before cryopreservation. Fifty-three (35.57%) aortic and 42 (30.21%) pulmonary valves had to be discarded for various reasons like fungal contamination, failure to sterilise, HBsAg positivity etc.; 153 homografts have been released for use so far. Analysing the usual methods of procurement, sterilisation protocol, culture and cryopreservation used for cardiac homografts at this centre, this paper recommends observance of timeliness, use of appropriate media for preservation of heart parts, administration of specific drugs and safeguards necessary for cryopreservation procedure.Item Cryptococcal meningitis: Clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic overviews.(2007-07-09) Satishchandra, P; Mathew, T; Gadre, G; Nagarathna, S; Chandramukhi, A; Mahadevan, A; Shankar, S KCryptococcal meningitis has emerged as a leading cause of infectious morbidity and mortality in patients with AIDS. Among the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive subjects, cryptococcal meningitis is the second most common cause of opportunistic neuro-infection. Current trends are changing due to the marked improvement of quality and length of life produced by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The introduction of generic HAART in India has resulted in an increase in the number of individuals getting treatment for HIV infection, as the cost of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has decreased 20- fold. Cryptococcal meningitis occurs in non-HIV patients who are immunodeficient due to diabetes, cancer, solid organ transplants, chemotherapeutic drugs, hematological malignancies etc and rarely in healthy individuals with no obvious predisposing factors. Diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis is fairly straightforward once the diagnosis is considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic meningitis. Treatment of a patient with cryptococcal infection is a challenge for both the physician and the patient, but rewarding, as many would recover with timely and adequate antifungal therapy.Item Further studies on the isolate of Chikungunya from the Indian repatriates of Burma.(1973-04-01) Mathew, T; Thiruvengadam, K VItem Haemadsorption test for rabies virus.(1982-03-01) Gupta, M; Rai Chowdhuri, A N; Mathew, TItem Herpes zoster associated encephalitis.(1992-03-01) Raju, D; Mathew, T; Kathirvel, H; Vijayalekshmy, N; Abhayambika, KHerpes zoster associated encephalitis is a very rare complication of herpes zoster. We are reporting a young healthy man who developed this complication along with the usual cutaneous presentation of herpes zoster. He was successfully treated with acyclovir.Item Investigation on an epidemic of dengue in Jammu, 1974.(1977-05-01) Mathew, T; Suri, J C; Suri, N K; Bhola, S R; Arora, R R; Lal, P; Raichaudhari, A N; Mathur, K K; Gupta, J PItem Nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a cardiovascular tertiary care centre and its detection by Lipovitellin Salt Mannitol Agar.(1999-10-29) Verghese, S; Padmaja, P; Sudha, P; Vanitha, V; Mathew, TEcological niches of Staphylococcus aureus are the anterior nares. Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in the nose appears to play a key role in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of infection. Numerous studier have shown that elimination of nasal carriage using Mupirocin also eliminated hand carriage and the spread of infections in hospitals. Lipovitellin-Salt-Mannitol Agar was used for screening, isolation and presumptive identification of Staphylococcus aureus from nasal carriers. From November; 97 to August'98, 724 nasal swabs were cultured and 18.23% of health care workers were found to be nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus. Of these 12.15% were carriers of MRSA. The carrier rate was highest in December' 97 (32.07%). All MRSA carriers were treated with local application of Mupirocin for three days. A study of the antibiogram of the clinical isolates during the corresponding period showed 100% susceptibility of MRSA to Vancomycin. Susceptibility of MRSA to Clindamycin, Netilmycin, Rifampicin & Ofloxacin was 86.6%, 69.5%, 66% & 64.7% respectively.Item Neurological manifestations of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.(2005-09-19) Mathew, T; Sinha, S; Taly, A B; Arunodaya, G R; Srikanth, S GEhlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is more identified for its cutaneous features but its neurological manifestations have not received the focused attention. Four patients of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) with neurological manifestations were evaluated for phenotypic data. These four men were from three families and two had consanguineous parentage. The mean age at onset and presentation of neurological symptoms were 10.5 years and 19 years respectively. Patient 1 presented with bilateral optic atrophy, sensorineural deafness, cerebellar ataxia and neuropathy. Patient 2 had marfanoid habitus, chorea and cerebellar ataxia. Patient 3 had action and percussion myotonia, wasting and weakness of sternocleidomastoid and distal limb muscles. Patient 4 had action myotonia, mirror movements of both hands and neuropathy. MRI of brain showed right parietal polymicrogyria. Neuroaxis involvement at multiple levels in EDS may have prognostic significance.Item Nocardia asteroides colonizing bronchiectatic cavity.(2002-04-08) Padmaja, P; Verghese, Susan L; Elizabeth, S J; Chitra, A K; Anitha, A; Mathew, T; Krishnan, S; Cherian, K MItem Nosocomial infection by Salmonella senftenberg in post cardiac surgery patients.(1999-12-11) Verghese, S; Padmaja, P; Elizabeth, S J; Mathew, T; Anitha, A; Chitra, A K; Belinda, JItem Rajasthan malaria epidemic--1994--practical problems in prevention, diagnosis and treatment on the field.(1996-07-01) Antony, R; Gajraj, E; Jacob, M S; Mathew, T; Anita, S RItem Rapid identification of fluconazole resistance using Chrom agar Candida.(2001-07-25) Verghese, S L; Padmaja, P; Sutha, P; Mathew, T; Johni, E SAll though extremely rare 10 years ago, antifungal drug resistance is becoming a major problem in certain populations, especially in those infected with HIV. This study was undertaken to study the resistance of Candida species isolated in our hospital to Fluconazole using Chrom agar Candida. The Candida strains which were routinely isolated from clinical specimens like blood, urine, sputum, pus, fluid and homograft isolates were included in the study. 142 Candida isolates were tested by using Chrom agar Candida incorporated with Fluconazole. 16 strains were found to be resistant to Fluconazole and 126 strains sensitive to Fluconazole. Nine were C. tropicalis, 3 C. krusei, 2 C. guillermondii, 1 Geotrichum candidum and one was an unidentified strain of Candida. The MIC of the 16 strains were done using RPMI 1640 medium by macro broth dilution method. MIC of 9 strains was 64 & > 64 ug/ml of 6 strains 32 ug/ml and 1 strain 16 ug/ml.Item Rapid identification of fluconazole resistance using Chromagar Candida.(2000-07-24) Verghese, S L; Padmaja, P; Sutha, P; Mathew, T; John, E SAlthough extremely rare 10 years ago, antifungal drug resistance is becoming a major problem in certain populations, especially in those infected with HIV. This study was undertaken to study the resistance of Candida species isolated in our hospital to Fluconazole using Chrom agar Candida. The Candida strains which were routinely isolated from clinical specimens like blood, urine, sputum, pus, fluid and homograft isolates were included in the study. 142 Candida isolates were tested by using Chrom agar Candida incorporated with fluconazole. 16 strains were found to be resistant to Fluconazole and 126 strains sensitive to Fluconazole. Nine were C tropicalis, 3 C krusei, 2 C guillermondii, 1 Geotrichum candidum and one was an unidentified strain of Candida. The MIC of the 16 strains were done using RPMI 1640 medium by macro broth dilution method. MIC of 9 strains was 64 & > 64 micrograms/ml of 6 strains 32 micrograms/ml and 1 strain 16 micrograms/ml.Item Respiratory syncytial virus infection among hospitalized young children with acute lower respiratory illnesses in Al Ain, UAE.(1996-12-01) Uduman, S A; Ijaz, M K; Kochiyil, J; Mathew, T; Hossam, M KTo establish the frequency and clinical pattern of Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV) infection in the region, children under 3 years of age admitted for acute lower respiratory illness during two winter seasons of the years 1993-94 and 1994-95 were studied prospectively. Seventy two cases were diagnosed to have RSV infection among the 252 studied, representing 28.57% of these patients. The overall infection rate was 32.1% and 36.5% respectively for the two studied winter seasons. Among these children, 90% were under 12 months of age. A clinical diagnosis of sepsis and respiratory distress was entertained in five RSV positive cases and they were < 1 month of age. The clinical pattern of RSV infection included bronchiolitis in 58.3% of cases, bronchopneumonia (19.4%) and pneumonia (11.1%). RSV activity was detected throughout the year with predominance during cooler months with an associated relative humidity (RH) between 50-60%. These results indicate that RSV plays a significant etiologic role among ALRI in hospitalized infants and young children in the Oasis region of the UAE. Factors such as RH, environmental temperature and lifestyle probably play an additional role in our region for the maintenance and dissemination of infection around the year.Item Serological investigations of an epidemic of fever by group B arboviruses in Jaipur (1973).(1976-08-01) Mathew, T; Suri, N K; Bhola, S R; Suri, J C; Arora, R R; Lahiri, S K