Browsing by Author "Malhotra, S"
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Item Achieving universal immunization in India: the unmet challenge.(2008-10-05) Taneja, D K; Malhotra, SItem Adverse drug reactions among inpatients in a north Indian referral hospital.(2000-01-01) Uppal, R; Jhaj, R; Malhotra, SBACKGROUND: Monitoring spontaneous adverse drug reactions is one of the epidemiological methods for assessing the safety of drugs in a hospital setting. METHODS: Data on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were collected over a 3-year period among inpatients in a north Indian referral hospital using the spontaneous ADR monitoring system. RESULTS: A total of 317 ADRs were reported. Cutaneous reactions (38.8%) and gastrointestinal disturbances (28.4%) made up a large proportion of reported ADRs. Antimicrobial agents, including those used for antituberculosis therapy, were responsible for 47.3% of the events. Radiocontrast dyes, and antineoplastic and psychoactive agents were the other important drugs causing ADRs. No age- or sex-related differences were found in the overall rate of ADRs, though toxic epidermal necrolysis was more frequent in the elderly. CONCLUSION: The pattern of ADRs and drugs involved were largely similar to those reported in the western literature.Item Adverse drug reactions to fluoroquinolones at a tertiary care hospital in northern India.(1998-11-07) Uppal, R; Jhaj, R; Malhotra, SUse of fluoroquinolones has increased considerably in the last 5-6 years in our hospitals. With a view to ascertain their safety and the type of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in our population, spontaneous reports were collected and analysed to ciprofloxacin (the most prescribed fluoroquinolone in our hospital) over a period of three and a half years. The pattern of reactions were rash in 18, severe reactions like Steven Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in 4, gastritis and diarrhoea in 3, shivering and rigors in 2, hemorrhagic purpuric spots in 2 and oedema of eye and lids with topical application in 1 patient. Most cases recovered on stoppage of the drug and symptomatic treatment. However, one case of SJS and one of TEN proved fatal. Care needs to be exercised in their use and they do not appear to be innocuous to severe and disturbing ADRs.Item Adverse drug reactions to fluoroquinolones in pediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital.(2000-01-05) Reeta, K; Uppal, R; Jhaj, R; Malhotra, S; Bhargava, V KItem Analgesics for pediatric use.(2000-08-14) Malhotra, S; Pandhi, PThe use of nimesulide is increasing and recently, concerns have been raised regarding its hepatotoxicity, especially in children. At least two deaths due to fulminant hepatic failure have been attributed to nimesulide. In India, nimesulide has been approved and about twelve pediatric preparations are available. Lack of effective postmarketing surveillance means that adverse drug reactions may not be picked or reported. Therefore, quick approval of those drugs for which substitutes are available may not be desirable in India and in other developing countries.Item Anemia at the time of delivery and its association with pregnancy outcomes: A study from a secondary care hospital in Haryana, India(Indian Public Health Association, 2018-12) Kant, S; Kaur, R; Goel, AD; Malhotra, S; Haldar, P; Kumar, RMaternal anemia has been reportedly associated with increased risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth have been reported to be associated with anemia. However, different studies have shown inconsistent results. In the present study, we report the association between maternal hemoglobin levels at the time of delivery and outcomes among women at a secondary care hospital in northern India. Secondary analysis of routinely collected hospital data from January 2015 to December 2016 was carried out. Sociodemographic details, hemoglobin levels at the time of admission, and birth outcomes were retrieved from the records of women admitted for delivery. The outcomes were compared among anemic and nonanemic women. About 78% of the women were found to have anemia at the time of delivery. A significantly higher proportion of anemic women had preterm labor.Item Authors' Response(Indian Council of Medical Research, 2018-09) Shafiq, N; Gautam, V; Pandey, A K; Kaur, N; Garg, S; Negi, H; Kaur, S; Ray, P; Malhotra, SItem Availability of thiazide diuretics in Chandigarh.(2000-09-24) Malhotra, S; Pandhi, PItem Bacteremia due to Rhodococcus equi in an immunocompetent infant.(2011-01) Devi, P; Malhotra, S; Chadha, ARhodococcus equi , previously known as Corynebacterium equi, is one of the most important causes of zoonotic infection in grazing animals. Increased cases of human infection with R. equi have been reported especially in immunocompromised patients. Infection in immunocompetent patients is extremely rare. We report a case of R. equi bacteremia in a 26-day-old immunocompetent infant with recurrent swellings on different parts of the body. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever report of R. equi bacteremia from an immunocompetent patient from Northern India.Item Bipolar aphthosis presenting as mutilating genital ulcers in women.(2004-11-24) Gupta, Somesh; Ajith, C; Malhotra, S; Kumar, BhushanThree women with large, mutilating genital ulcers of long duration, destroying almost the lower half of the external genitalia, are reported. They had a history of recurrent oral ulcers as well. All patients had been diagnosed as having 'genital ulcer syndrome' in the past and had been treated with antimicrobials. Histopathology of the biopsy from the margin of the ulcer revealed features of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Considering the history, clinical features and histology, a diagnosis of bipolar aphthosis was made in all patients. All patients responded well to immunosuppressive therapy. The cases are reported because of the presence of genital ulcers of an unusually large size, mutilating character and their close similarity to genital ulcers due to sexually transmitted diseases, especially genital herpes and donovanosis.Item Buprenorphine and Naloxone Combination for Opioid Dependence.(2010-04) Bhatia, M S; Srivastava, S; Rajender, G; Malhotra, S; Chaudhary, DItem Calcium supplementation in pre-eclampsia.(2001-08-12) Wanchu, M; Malhotra, S; Khullar, MOBJECTIVE: The objective of this prospective, open, randomised trial was to determine the role of calcium supplementation in preventing pre-eclampsia. METHODS: One hundred uncomplicated normotensive primigravidae were enrolled in the study before 20 weeks of pregnancy. Fifty each were randomised to receive either two gram elemental calcium daily from 20 weeks of gestation to delivery (study group) or no calcium supplementation (control group). Prior to 20 weeks of gestation each underwent a complete clinical and laboratory evaluation. Serum and urine calcium was measured first at 20 weeks of gestation and then at 24-28 weeks and at 32-36 weeks of pregnancy. RESULTS: Patient characteristics at the start of therapy were similar in the two groups. Blood pressure profile was similar throughout pregnancy in the groups. The incidence of pre-eclampsia was similar (18% in the study group and 16% in the control group), but severe pre-eclampsia was significantly less in the study group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regards to intra- and postpartum characteristics, perinatal outcome and maternal or fetal side effects. Serum and urinary calcium levels did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: While calcium supplementation did not lower the incidence of pre-eclampsia it did reduce its severity.Item Chlamydiazyme test for rapid detection of Chlamydia trachomatis.(1989-03-01) Sharma, M; Nayak, N; Malhotra, S; Kumar, B; Hemal, AEndocervical (120) and endourethral (104) swabs collected from patients attending the Gynaecological OPD and STD Clinic of a Hospital, in north India were subjected to the chlamydiazyme test to detect C. trachomatis antigen. This antigen was detected in 25 per cent (30 of 120) of cervical and 20.19 per cent (21 of 104) of urethral specimens. Of the 51 antigen positive cases, 30 (58.8%) presented with the clinical picture of cervicitis, 11 (21.5%) with urethritis, 6 (11.7%) were cases of primary infertility and 4 (7.8%) were healthy controls. The association of C. trachomatis and other sexually manifested microorganisms (Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Gardnerella vaginalis) was found more commonly in patients of cervicitis, especially those who were C. trachomatis antigen positive.Item Clinical behaviour of hydatidiform mole.(1989-07-01) Malhotra, S; Jindal, U NForty-eight patients of hydatidiform mole are reviewed. Forty cases (83.3%) were between 20 and 30 years of age and 24 women (50%) were primigravidae. The most common presenting symptom was intermittent bleeding. Ultrasound which became available during the latter part of the study has helped in early and definitive diagnosis. Oxytocin drip followed by suction evacuation was the mainstay of treatment. Four of the women who were followed up had persistent high titre of HCG and were treated with cytotoxic drugs. A regular follow-up is mandatory for early diagnosis and treatment of persistent trophoblastic activity.Item Comparative gastrointestinal toxicity of selective cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors.(2005-07-02) Shafiq, N; Malhotra, S; Pandhi, P; Nada, RCyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors were developed with the hope that they will cause fewer gastrointestinal adverse effects. Ability of selective as well as nonselective COX inhibitors to alter ischemia-reperfusion induced damage of gastric mucosa and hapten-induced colitis in rats has been compared. Celecoxib (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg(-l)) was significantly more potent at aggravating ischemia-reperfusion injury as compared to nimesulide. Similarly, celecoxib was found to maximally potentiate TNBS-induced colitis, followed by nimesulide and indomethacin. Celecoxib at its highest dose produced maximum deep histological injury. This paradoxic ulcer and colitis aggravating effect of selective COX-2 inhibitors may be explained by suppression of protective prostaglandins generated as a consequence of COX-2 induction in inflammatory states.Item Computer Gaming: The New Heroinware.(2009-10) Rajender, G; Bhatia, M S; Malhotra, S; Choudhary, DItem Consumer product information: how rational the information is?(1998-03-29) Gautam, C S; Malhotra, S; Goel, N KItem Current understanding of Neurobiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders and its Nosological Implications.(2010-04) Bhatia, M S; Rajender, G; Malhotra, S; Kanwal, K; Chaudhary, DItem Current Update on Candidate Endophenotypes for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.(2009-10) Rajender, G; Bhatia, M S; Malhotra, S; Kanwal, K; Chaudhary, D.Item Detection of lymphocyte rosette and phagocytosis inhibiting factors in sera of patients with acute encephalopathy syndrome.(1980-04-01) Kapoor, A K; Malhotra, S; Khan, I U; Mehrotra, R M