Browsing by Author "Maheshwari, S C"
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Item Alternative approach and evaluation of three potency assay methods for testing adsorbed tetanus toxoid.(1998-03-08) Maheshwari, S C; Sharma, S B; Kumar, A; Sokhey, JThirteen batches of adsorbed Tetanus Toxoid (TT) from different manufacturers were tested for potency by three different methods viz: (i) An Antibody Induction Method (AIM) developed in mice: (ii) WHO lethal challenge in mice; and (iii) Conventional Antibody Induction (I.P). Method in guinea pigs. The potency results obtained in AIM, by serological evaluation of immunized mice were found identical and correlated significantly with those obtained by WHO recommended lethal challenge test in mice. The potency data obtained in the present study was found comparable with other studies. An AIM in mice thus offers an alternative to lethal challenge tests and can replace guinea pig model. Out of 107 serum samples obtained from immunized guinea pigs in the conventional antibody induction method, 90% samples contained more than 4 units of tetanus antitoxin per ml. End point titres of 42 serum samples belonging to 5 batches of TT also showed much higher tetanus antitoxin content when determined by TN test. The potency data obtained thus suggest revision of the minimum requirement in Indian Pharmacopoeia which is too low and which may be increased as indicated by the present study.Item Analysis of the activity of promoters from two photosynthesis-related genes psaF and petH of spinach in a monocot plant, rice.(2000-12-18) Mohanty, A; Grover, M; Chaudhury, A; Rizwan-ul-Haq, Q; Sharma, A K; Maheshwari, S C; Tyagi, A KThe subunit III of photosystem I and ferredoxin-NADP(+)-oxidoreductase are encoded by nuclear genes, namely psaF and petH. The activity of their promoters from spinach has been evaluated in transgenic tobacco earlier. Evaluation of the activity of these Dicotyledoneae-specific promoters has been carried out in a monocot system (i.e. rice) by transient gene expression system, based on electroporation-mediated gene delivery into protoplasts from leaves and roots. It has been found that various promoter deletions show higher activity in leaf protoplasts and elements for quantitative response are widely distributed. Transgenic rice has also been produced with a petH promoter and gus reporter gene construct. Although petH promoter is a weak promoter in comparison to the 35S promoter, it expresses well in green tissues and could be useful for plant genetic engineering.Item An antibody induction method in mice for the potency assays of diphtheria and tetanus components in combined vaccines.(1998-09-27) Maheshwari, S C; Sharma, S B; Kumar, A; Sokhey, JEleven batches of Adsorbed Diphtheria-Tetanus (DT) vaccines and thirteen batches of Adsorbed Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus (DTP) vaccines were tested for the potency of diphtheria and tetanus components by an Antibody Induction Method (AIM) developed in mice. The potency results obtained were found comparable and did not show any statistically significant difference with those obtained by WHO recommended lethal challenge tests for diphtheria in guinea pigs and for tetanus in mice. AIM in mice is more economical as both diphtheria and tetanus components of combined vaccine can be tested in the same experiment and the procedure also eliminates the use of guinea pigs required in the lethal challenge/conventional tests. The data obtained while testing tetanus component by the conventional antibody induction (IP) method in guinea pigs suggests that minimum requirements laid down in i.p. is too low which may be fixed as at least 3 out of 9 guinea pig sera and should contain > or = 4 units of tetanus antitoxin per ml.Item Antibody response of guinea pigs to fluid and adsorbed tetanus toxoids.(1986-07-01) Ahuja, S; Sharma, S B; Gupta, R K; Maheshwari, S C; Bhandari, S K; Saxena, S NItem Earthenware pots for vaccine storage; a health hazard.(1984-07-01) Singh, H; Gupta, P; Maheshwari, S C; Gupta, R K; Stroh, GItem Factors affecting the biological assay of tetanus antitoxin.(1983-01-01) Gupta, R K; Maheshwari, S C; Singh, HItem An in vitro method for titration of diphtheria antitoxin on vero cells.(1985-06-01) Sharma, S B; Sharma, K; Maheshwari, S C; Gupta, R K; Bhandari, S K; Ahuja, S; Saxena, S NItem Quantitation of tetanus and diphtheria antitoxins in mouse sera by indirect haemagglutination.(1998-03-08) Maheshwari, S C; Sharma, S B; Kumar, A; Sokhey, JSerum samples obtained from 75 groups of mice immunized with various doses of adsorbed tetanus vaccine, adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus vaccine and adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine were titrated for tetanus antitoxin content by an in-vitro indirect haemagglutination (IHA) and by toxin neutralization test (TN) in mice. From these serum samples of 49 groups of mice which were immunized with combined vaccine containing diphtheria toxoid were titrated for their diphtheria antitoxin content by IHA and by i.d. toxin neutralization test (TN) in guinea pigs. Good correlations were found between the estimates obtained by in-vitro IHA and in vivo TN tests in both tetanus and diphtheria antitoxin titrations. The minimum level of tetanus or diphtheria antitoxin detectable by IHA was 0.00039 IU/ml. It is concluded that IHA is a simple, sensitive and reproducible alternative test which can replace the animal TN tests for the estimation of tetanus and diphtheria antitoxins and could reliably be used in the potency assay of tetanus and diphtheria toxoids of combined vaccines based on antibody induction in mice.Item Sero-immunity of normal Rhesus monkeys to tetanus and diphtheria.(1983-02-01) Singh, H; Maheshwari, S C; Gupta, R KItem Sero-immunity to poliomyelitis in Himachal Pradesh.(1986-04-01) Sharma, B; Gupta, C K; Rao, G L; Maheshwari, S C; Gupta, R K; Singh, HItem Serum immunoglobulins in healthy adults from Himachal Pradesh.(1982-09-01) Maheshwari, S C; Singh, H