Browsing by Author "Kumar, Vikash"

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    Clinical evaluation of cases of lower genitourinary tract trauma with special reference to primary realignment in cases of posterior urethral distraction defect
    (Medip Academy, 2020-08) Kumar, Vikash; Singh, Krishna Kant; Pratap, Dhirendra; Pahwa, H. S.; Alam, Mehboob
    Background: The exact management strategy for lower genitourinary tract trauma remains controversial. Primary realignment with/without suprapubic catheterization provides definitive procedure with low complications and avoids the need for further open surgeries.Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study done on 31 cases with different complaints related to lower tract genitourinary trauma. All patients underwent suprapubic catheterization and/or primary realignment. The outcome was measured in the terms of time for discharge, urinary incontinence, stricture formation, erectile dysfunction and impotence.Results: Maximum proportion of patients with lower genitourinary injuries in the study was in 10-20 years age group (48.4%). Blunt trauma was accounted for 93.6% of lower genitourinary injuries. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause (90.32%) of lower genitourinary injuries. Urinary bladder injuries accounted for 41.9% of all lower genitourinary injuries. Blood at meatus is present in only about half of the significant urethral injuries. Primary realignment of urethral injury results in lesser duration of hospital stay (9.24±2.44 days), shorter length of suprapubic catheterization (11.67±4.78 days) and early spontaneous voiding (40.93±15.79 days). The stricture rate following primary realignment is low (31.25%). Erectile dysfunction was noted only in two patients (16.6%).Conclusions: Management of traumatic urethral disruption by primary realignment serves as ultimate therapy in majority of patients.
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    Comparative Quality Analysis of Cucumber Grown Under Polyhouse and in Open Condition
    (Science Domain International, 2018-06) Das, Twarita; Saikia, Luchon; Kumar, Vikash
    Cucumber is one of the important cucurbitaceous vegetable grown in Assam and its neighbouring states. Although a large number of F1varieties are available in the market, their comparative quality assessment has not been made for their suitability to be grown under polyhouse. So, the present experiment involves cultivation of six different F1 hybrids namely Malini, Don, NS 404, Noori, Alisha and Sedona under polyhouse and in open condition having a wide variation in terms of quality characters. During the experiment, various quality parameters or characters were investigated for each of the genotypes. All the genotypes had a wide range of variation for most of the characters under investigation. The highest moisture content per fruit under polyhouse condition was observed in genotype Malini (96.75%) while in open condition Noori recorded the highest moisture content. Highly significant differences were also observed with respect to ascorbic acid, TSS, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar for the conditions of cultivation. The highest TSS content (4.06ºB), highest total sugar 3.46% and reducing sugar 0.58 % was observed in Malini under polyhouse. However, Sedona was found to have highest maximum TSS content (4.22ºB), total sugar 3.51% and reducing sugar 0.61% in open condition. The ascorbic acid content (6.38 and 6.25) and SOD activity (28.47 and 26.94) expressed as mg 100 g-1and ? mg-1protein were observed highestin Alisha under both polyhouse and in open condition, respectively. The result revealed that cucumber cultivated under polyhouse condition significantly differ in various quality aspects than the ones cultivated in open condition and are found to be superior in terms of quality. Thus we may say that growing environment is an important factor that could reflect on the quality characters of the cucumber.
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    An Observation of Risk Factors Associated with Patients with Ischemic Stroke.
    (2016-11) Kumar, Atul; Reza, Taskeen Ahmad; Agrawal, Pramod Kumar; Sonal, Shruti; Chauhan, Sonu; Alam, Wasim; Kumar, Abhishek; Dubey, Yogesh Kumar; Saif, Saad bin; Kumar, Vikash; Rahman, Md. Habibur; Bhargav, Karn; Kaifee, Md.; Alam, Md. Tabrej
    Background: Objective: our study was to observe the risk factors in different age group of patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: A total of 120 patients of ischemic stroke were considered on the basis of detail clinical history, laboratory findings and CT Scan/MRI. Results: Data was analyzed by using MS-Office software. Conclusion: Major risk factors associated with ischemic stroke was hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and obesity.
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    Prevalence of Exercise-Induced Broncho- Constriction in Medical Students
    (Society for Health Care & Research Development, 2019-05) Singh, Abhilasha; Kamendu, Abhishek; Kumar, Vikash
    Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a transient acute narrowing of the airway which occurs as a result of exercise. EIB is common in children. The prevalence of EIB has been estimated to be 20% in general individuals without a known diagnosis of asthma. Eighty percent of all asthma individuals experience exercise-related symptoms (ERS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of EIB in medical students using an exercise challenge test. Aims And Objectives – To study the prevalence of prevalence of EIB in medical student and to investigate the relationship between EIB and the history of asthma, history of ERS, allergy including rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, hay fever, allergies to food and animals. Methods: This study was done on medical student of NMCH, Jamuhar between January 2019 and March 2019. Medical students underwent exercise challenge test on bicycle -ergometry. Spirometry was performed a few minutes before and immediately after performance of the exercise. The criterion for a positive test was a greater than 10% decrease in FEV1 from the baseline measurement. Results: Total 188 students completed the study, out of which 24 came to be EIB positive. 17 had history of asthma of which 15 came to be EIB positive. 13 had history of ERS of which 11 came to be EIB positive. Conclusion: In our study prevalence of EIB came to be 12.7%. EIB in student having history of asthma came to be 88.2%. EIB in student having history of ERS came to be 84.6%.
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    Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of prostate.
    (2008-07-30) Kumar, Vikash; Khurana, N; Rathi, A K; Malhotra, Anju; Sharma, Kanika; Abhishek, Ashu; Bahadur, A K
    Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are malignant proliferations of small, undifferentiated neuroectodermal cells occurring mainly in children and share the same reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22 and the same patterns of biochemical and oncogene expression as osseus and extraosseus Ewing's sarcoma. Some PNETs occur in the brain, while others (the peripheral PNETs) occur in sites outside the brain, such as in the extremities, pelvis and the chest wall. They mostly originate in the chest, pelvis and retroperitoneum; in rare cases, occurrence in the head and neck area has also been seen. We present a rare case of primitive neuroectodermal tumor arising in the prostate gland in a 25-year-old male. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documentation of a primary peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor in the prostate gland of any patient from India and rarely reported in English literature.
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    A study on presentation and behavior of colo-rectal carcinoma in young Indian patients.
    (2011-04) Mukherji, Ashutosh; Rathi, A K; Sharma, Kanika; Kumar, Vikash; Singh, Kishore; Bahadur, A K
    Background: Colorectal cancer is rare in younger age group. Most cases occur in the second decade of life and are clinically aggressive. The prognosis of these patients is generally poor. This is a retrospective study in which data of Indian patients was compared to standard literature. Methods: Data on 32 young patients with colorectal cancer between ages of 10-25 years treated between January 2000 and December 2006 was reviewed. Clinical presentation, natural history and response to therapy were evaluated. Results: Studied cases comprised 9.9% of the total number of colorectal cancer patients. The median age of presentation was 21.5 years. Four-fifths of the cases presented in late stage. Nodal involvement was seen in 38% cases and metastatic disease in 12% cases. The rectum was the most commonly involved site. A majority of the patients presented with pain (81%), altered bowel habits (72%) and bleeding per rectum (78%). Surgery was done in 16 cases; radiotherapy in 16 patients; while chemotherapy was used in 19 cases. Responses at completion of treatment were seen in 28% cases; while 1 year post treatment only 12% cases were alive and only 6% at 2 years. Conclusions: Colorectal cancer in younger age is rare and a high level of suspicion is necessary to diagnose it at an early and curable stage. Rectal bleeding therefore should not be ignored but evaluated further with at least a digital rectal examination and a sigmoidoscopy. Failure to do so results in late presentation with consequent dismal survival rates.
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    Xylooligosaccharides: an economical prebiotic from agroresidues and their health benefits.
    (NISCAIR-CSIR, India, 2015-03) Jain, Ira; Kumar, Vikash; Satyanarayana, T
    Oligosaccharides and dietary fibres are non-digestible food ingredients that preferentially stimulate the growth of prebiotic Bifidobacterium and other lactic acid bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract. Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) provide a plethora of health benefits and can be incorporated into several functional foods. In the recent times, there has been an over emphasis on the microbial conversion of agroresidues into various value added products. Xylan, the major hemicellulosic component of lignocellulosic materials (LCMs), represents an important structural component of plant biomass in agricultural residues and could be a potent bioresource for XOS. On an industrial scale, XOS can be produced by chemical, enzymatic or chemo-enzymatic hydrolysis of LCMs. Chemical methods generate XOS with a broad degree of polymerization (DP), while enzymatic processes will be beneficial for the manufacture of food grade and pharmaceutically important XOS. Xylooligomers exert several health benefits, and therefore, have been considered to provide relief from several ailments. This review provides a brief on production, purification and structural characterization of XOS and their health benefits.