IMSEAR Repository :: Browsing by Author "Kumar, Sanjeev"

Browsing by Author "Kumar, Sanjeev"

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Acute myocardial infarction due to blunt chest trauma.
(2002-11-04) Sinha, Ajay Kumar; Agrawal, R K; Singh, Arun; Kumar, Rajiv; Kumar, Sanjeev; Sinha, Ajay; Saurabh,; Kumar, Amit
We report a case of blunt chest injury following a road accident leading to damage of the left main and left anterior descending coronary arteries causing acute myocardial infarction in a young person.
Alternaria alternata infection associated osteomyelitis of maxilla: A rare disease entity.
(2013-09) Chhabra, Vidhi; Rastogi, Sanjay; Barua, Madhumita; Kumar, Sanjeev
Alternaria alternata is one of the rarest fungi associated with paranasal sinusitis. Alternaria species are pigmented (also known as dematiaceous or phaeoid) filamentous fungi, which are well-known soil saprophytes and plant pathogens that infrequently cause infection in humans mainly, cutaneous lesions. We present a case of osteomyelitis of maxilla caused by a rare fungus- A. alternata in a diabetic patient with poor glycemic control who was successfully treated with antifungal and surgical debridement over the period of 6 months.
Antibiotics-related adverse drug reactions at a tertiary care hospital in North India
(Medip Academy, 2019-10) Rani, Seema; Sharma, Bhawna; Tarun; Kumar, Sanjeev; Saini, Rahul
Background: Antibiotics are considered to be commonly used drugs in hospital setting due to higher prevalence of infectious diseases especially in India. So, the present study was conducted to assess the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to antibiotics and analyze for causality of adverse drug events reported.Methods: The present retrospective and observational, study was conducted in BPS GMC for women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana which is a 500 bedded government medical hospital situated in rural area between March 2016 to February 2019 (i.e., 3 years). Patients of either sex or age who developed ADRs by any route were included in the study.Results: 300 (38.65%) cases were reported due to antibiotics out of total 776 ADR cases. 3% cases were serious. Adults (65%) were found to be most commonly affected by ADRs. Among antibiotics, cephalosporins and penicillins (15.98%) were the major culprit to cause adverse events followed by nitroimidazoles (15.2%) and antitubercular drugs and fluoro quinolones (13.16%). The most affected organ system was skin (49.33%) followed by the gastrointestinal system (33%). As per WHO scale of causality assessment, 33.33% and 67.67% reported cases were found to probably and possibly related to adverse events respectively.Conclusions: Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs so its monitoring regarding ADRs may benefit the clinicians in early identification and management of ADRs so that quality of life of patient can be safeguarded at an earliest.
Cancer awareness & its association with demographic variables & mobile phone usage among the rural population of a district in north India
(Wolters Kluwer – Medknow, 2022-07) Yadav, Kavita; Hariprasad, Roopa; Gupta, Ruchika; Upadhayay, Shravan; Sharma, Vishwas; Kumari, Malasha; Mehrotra, Ravi; Kumar, Sanjeev; Gupta, Sanjay; Singh, Shalini
Background & objectives: Lack of awareness is one of the major reasons for the high morbidity and mortality associated with cancers. The present study was aimed to evaluate the awareness of prevalent cancers among the rural population in a district of north India and its association specifically with mobile phone usage. Methods: Using a stratified random sampling technique, households in three villages of Gautam Buddh Nagar district of India were selected. A house-to-house survey on cancer awareness was conducted among adults in selected households and data were analyzed to check for the association of such an awareness with sociodemographic factors and internet usage. Results: The study included 59 males and 145 females, with majority (115) being in the age group of 18-30 yr. Although most (96.5%) of the participants were aware of cancer, the common risk factors and warning signs of cancer were known to only a few. Specific risk factors for cervical and breast cancers were, however, not known to a majority (79.9% and 72.2%). A significant association between the awareness of general risk factors and warning signs as well as specific aspects including risk factors for breast, cervical and oral cancer, HPV vaccine and the education level of the participants (P<0.05 for all). Knowledge of risk factors, warning signs and cancer prevention modalities was higher among mobile phone users who accessed internet for health information. There was no significant association between age group and cancer risk factor awareness, though females were more aware of the risk factors for breast cancer (P=0.002). Interpretation & conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the existing low level of awareness of cervical and breast cancers among the rural population. The association of cancer awareness with education level and mobile phone-based internet usage suggests the potential utility of internet-based platforms such as m-health programmes for cancer prevention activities
Cemented monoblock hemiarthroplasty: a dependable option in femoral neck fracture in elderly
(Medip Academy, 2019-04) Kumar, Santosh; Verma, Vikas; Kumar, Sanjeev
Background: Femoral neck fracture in elderly continues to pose a treatment dilemma. Associated co-morbidities and high mortality (1-year mortality of 25–30% and only 25% survivorship at 10 years) often skews the surgical decision. The underlying treatment goal is minimum revision and maximum functional outcome. Lack of clear guidelines is reflected by the continued debates regarding their management namely osteosynthesis vs arthroplasty; hemiarthroplasty vs total hip arthroplasty, unipolar vs bipolar and cemented vs uncemented. A review of joint registries, uniformly suggest that cemented fixation in elderly patient results in early mobilization, less residual pain and the lowest risk of revision. We analyzed clinical outcome of cemented monoblock hemi-arthroplasty (modified design) in femoral neck fracture in elderly.Methods: Total 94 cemented hemiarthroplasty, performed since January 2009, with a minimum follow up of 3 years are included in the study. Mean modified Haris Hip score at 2 years, 3 years and in the last follow up was 88 (72-91), 84 (70-89) and 81 (65-86) respectively. Acetabular erosion was noted in three patients (3.19%) (one was symptomatic) and aseptic loosening in another two patients (2.12%). Major complications such as deep wound infection, dislocation or peri-prosthetic fracture were not noted in any patient.Results: Result of the present study is consistent to marginally superior when compared to cemented Thompson monoblock and the cemented bipolar prostheses. We attribute this to routine use of cement in the elderly osteoporotic bone along with design modification of the monoblock stem. Long term result of THA is marginally (not statistically significant) better compared to hemiarthroplasty. However, it is associated with prolonged surgery, more blood loss and higher dislocation rate. The rates of dislocation following THA, bipolar and unipolar arthroplasty were 11%, 3%, and 2% respectively.Conclusions: Cemented monoblock hemiarthroplasty is effective and viable option in displaced femoral neck fracture in elderly in terms of excellent functional outcome, low reoperation without adversely affecting morbidity and mortality. Being cost effective procedure this may be considered as first line surgical option especially in socio-economically disadvantaged section of the society.
Comparative Analysis on Efficacy of Injection Methyl Prednisolone vs Autologous PRP in Adhesive Capsulitis/Peri Arthritis/Frozen Shoulder
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2019-07) Kumar, Sanjeev; Singh, Piyush Pushkar
Background: Shoulder pain is a common cause of morbidity inthe community & most common cause of the pain includedegenerative disease affecting the glenohumeral andacromioclavicular joints & supporting soft tissue structure. Theapplication of intraarticular corticosteroid injection is one of thecommonly used approaches in PA shoulder. Hence, weconducted a study to investigate the effectiveness of PRP(Platelet Rich Plasma) compared with local corticosteroidinjection on Frozen shoulder (Peri Arthritis) & the possiblebenefit of one method over the other.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in theDepartment of Orthopaedics, North DMC Medical College andHindurao Hospital, Delhi (India) over a period of 24 monthsfrom June 2017 to June 2019. A total of 60 subjects more than18 years of age were included in the study and divided intoGroup A-receiving PRP and Group B receivingmethylprednisolone. Clinical assessment was made beforeinjection 1 month, 2 month and 6 months following injectionand consisted of pain and function assessment on QUICKDASH-9 and Visual Analogue Scale. All the data thus obtainedwas arranged in a tabulated form and analyzed using SPSSsoftware.Results: The mean age in the PRP group was 50.600±5.47 &the mean age in steroid group was 52.93±4.47. The rightside was affected more in both PRP group (n=17) and steroid(n=19). The p value of 0.598 suggest no significant differenceof affected side in both groups. There was a significantdifference in VAS between Month and 2 month & 6 month. Andthere was a significant difference in VAS between 2 month and6 month. The outcome was excellent amongst 10% subjects,Good amongst 66.67% subjects, fair amongst 13.33% subjectsand poor amongst 10% patients.Conclusion: Both PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) & Steroidshowed equal effectiveness in treating frozen shoulder.
Comparison of the outcomes of home based and supervised individually designed exercise programme amongst the patients in chronic phase after guillain barre syndrome: study protocol for a randomized control trial
(Medip Academy, 2018-01) Shah, Nehal; Shrivastava, Manisha; Kumar, Sanjeev; Rai, Nirendra
Background: Guillain barre syndrome (GBS) is an immune mediated polyneuropathy characterized by progressive weakness and variety of symptoms including muscle paralysis, autonomic dysfunction and respiratory involvement that affect one or two persons in 100,000 population. Although immunotherapies including therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), immunoglobulins (IVIg) and corticosteroids are the available beneficial modes of treatment, the residual symptoms are disabling and long lasting and require long term rehabilitation. Observational studies and RCT on multi-disciplinary care has proven exercises to be an answer to residual long lasting disability. Supervised individually designed exercise prescription after physiotherapy assessment may play a major role in minimizing disability.Methods: The present study is an open-level, parallel, superiority randomized control trial with blinding of outcome assessors to evaluate the results of the individually designed exercise programme over home based exercise programme. 74 adult referred GBS patients will be recruited and randomize in two groups either to receive 12 weeks individually designed exercise programme or home based exercise programme. The primary outcome shall be assessed as functional independence in activities of daily living and secondary outcomes shall be evaluated in terms of muscle strength, fatigue, pain, and quality of life at baseline, six months and twelve months duration.Conclusions: This is the first randomized control trial to compare the effect of supervised individually designed exercise over home based exercise programme on pwGBS.Trial registration: Currently the trial is ethically approved, prospectively registered CTRI/2016/08/007150 and in the process of recruiting its first subjects.
Comparison of Treatment of Salmeterol and Formoterol with Fluticasone on Quality of Life (QOL) of Patients Suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2017-04) Kumar, Sanjeev; Matreja, Prithpal S; Khanna, P M L
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by symptoms of dyspnoea, paroxysmal coughing, fatigue, and insomnia associated with considerable impact on quality of life of patients. Inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist combinations (ICS/LABA) are endorsed for maintenance therapy for COPD. So, we designed this study to compare the treatment of combination of salmeterol or formoterol with fluticasone on Quality of life (QOL) of patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: This prospective, randomized, parallel group study was conducted 45 patients suffering from COPD were enrolled in the study after they signed a written informed consent. The patients were divided in two groups based on the treatment in two groups. Group 1 was on treatment with salmeterol with fluticasone whereas group 2 was on treatment with formoterol with fluticasone; they were assessed at baseline and 4weeks. Patients were subjected to St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and WHO – Quality of life (WHO-QOL Bref) Questionnaire. Results: A total of 24 patients in group 1 and 21 patients in group 2 completed the study. The demographic profile of patients was comparable at baseline. Patients in both groups had showed a statistically significant improvement in symptoms score as compared to baseline as is evident by lower scores in SGRQ and high scores in WHO-QOL Bref score Patients on formoterol and fluticasone had slightly better scores as compared to the other group though it was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Both the treatment showed significant improvement in symptoms as well as quality of life as compared to baseline and a combination of formoterol and fluticasone was slightly better as compared to combination of salmeterol and fluticasone.
Congenital Right Lung Agenesis With Dysplastic Sternum - A Constellation Of Two Rare Cases
(International Research Organization for Life & Health Sciences (IROLHS), 2019-02) Kumar, Sanjeev; Rathore, Bhagyashree; Kaushal, Lovely
Congenital lung agenesis is a rare disease spectrum which includes complete agenesis, lung aplasia (with rudimentary bronchus)and partial agenesis. It is embryological anomaly arising from failure of unilateral lung bud to develop. Sternal dysplasias are veryrare entities with only few reported cases[1] . We present case report of a 1 year old female with complete right lung agenesisassociated with dysplastic sternum and vertebral segmentation anomaly
Correlation between Finger Print, and Blood Group amongst Gender- A Prospective Study
(Society for Health Care & Research Development, 2019-09) Kumari, Pinki; Kumar, Aman; Prasad, Mukesh; Kumar, Sanjeev
Identification or identity helps us to determine the individuality of person, living or dead. Establishing the identity is of immense importance in forensic medicine. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between finger print, gender, and blood group. Methods: A total of 100 subjects participated in the study (M=F) in the age range of 18 to 25 years. The sample was collected by simple random sampling. The finger print was analyzed by using powerful magnifying hand lens, ink pad and white chart paper. Results: The prevalence of blood groups as observed in our study for A, B, AB and O groups were 25, 33, 39, 3 for males and 23, 35, 39, 3 for females respectively. The prevalence of thumbprint amongst the gender was highest for Loops and least for arches. Conclusion: Our study reiterates that if fingerprint patterns and blood groups are studied with a larger sample size and with a multi-centric study, it may help in prediction of blood groups based on fingerprint pattern available.
Curious Case of Pediatric One-Lung Ventilation with Two Endotracheal Tubes: A Case Report
(Wolters Kluwer – Medknow, 2024-01) Jha, Lalit; Naaz, Shagufta; Paul, George; Kumar, Sanjeev
One?lung ventilation is indicated during thoracic surgery for visualization and exposure of surgical site. It is achieved with bronchial blockers, double?lumen endobronchial tube, single?lumen endotracheal tubes and Univent tube for infants and children. Fibreoptic bronchoscope is required for placing and confirming the correct position of these tubes. We report a perioperative management of safe conduct of one lung ventilation for a 6?year child undergoing left lower lobe lobectomy through C?MAC video laryngoscope guided two single lumen tubes in limited resource settings where paediatric?sized fibreoptic bronchoscope is unavailable.
Curse of the technology-computer related musculoskeletal disorders and vision syndrome: a study
(Medip Academy, 2020-02) Pandey, Rahul; Gaur, Shikhar; Kumar, Rakesh; Kotwal, Narendra; Kumar, Sanjeev
Background: Computer Related Musculoskeletal disorders and Vision Syndrome (CRMSKVS) is defined as symptoms due to prolonged use of Visual Display Terminal (VDT).Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done among office-workers working on computer terminal. A self-reported questionnaire was distributed and Musculoskeletal (MSK) and visual symptoms in the preceding 12 months (01 October 2017 to 30 September 2018) were taken as dependent variable. Multivariate analysis was done to identify the determinants of CRMSKVS.Results: Responses from 1193 subjects were included in the study. CRMSKVS was present in 489 cases (40.98%; males - 37.5%, females - 58.29%). The main MSK symptoms were pain/stiffness in neck (40.98%), shoulder (38.99%), lower back (35.6%) and elbow/wrist/hand/fingers (23.1%). The ocular symptoms were excessive watering (39.6%), pain (24.99), irritation (18.6%), burning/itching sensation (29.8%), redness (40.7%), blurring of vision (13.2%) and headache (40.9%). Female gender (OR-1.498(1.262-1.778)), long duration of working hours (OR-2.77(2.399-3.214)), poor break duration (OR-2.59(2.172-3.089)), excessive smart phone use (OR-2.071(1.834-2.338)), poor posture (OR-3.883(3.282-4.592)), inappropriate distance of computer screen (OR-2.173(1.829-2.582)), low height of screen (OR-1.936(1.527-2.454)), distance of keyboard (OR-3.161(2.528-3.953)) and distance of mouse (OR-5.785(3.932-8.512)) were identified as significant determinants of CRMSKVS.Conclusions: CRMSKVS is an emerging pandemic which needs urgent attention by medical and administrative authorities. The device factors, personal factors, environmental and ergonomic factors are the modifiable risk factors for CRMSKVS.
Detrimental effect of expression of Bt endotoxin Cry1Ac on in vitro regeneration, in vivo growth and development of tobacco and cotton transgenics.
(2011-06) Rawat, Preeti; Singh, Amarjeet Kumar; Ray, Krishna; Chaudhary, Bhupendra; Kumar, Sanjeev; Gautam, Taru; Kanoria, Shaveta; Kaur, Gurpreet; Kumar, Paritosh; Pental, Deepak; Burma, Pradeep Kumar
High levels of expression of the cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis cannot be routinely achieved in transgenic plants despite modifications made in the gene to improve its expression. This has been attributed to the instability of the transcript in a few reports. In the present study, based on the genetic transformation of cotton and tobacco, we show that the expression of the Cry1Ac endotoxin has detrimental effects on both the in vitro and in vivo growth and development of transgenic plants. A number of experiments on developing transgenics in cotton with different versions of cry1Ac gene showed that the majority of the plants did not express any Cry1Ac protein. Based on Southern blot analysis, it was also observed that a substantial number of lines did not contain the cry1Ac gene cassette although they contained the marker gene nptII. More significantly, all the lines that showed appreciable levels of expression were found to be phenotypically abnormal. Experiments on transformation of tobacco with different constructs expressing the cry1Ac gene showed that in vitro regeneration was inhibited by the encoded protein. Further, out of a total of 145 independent events generated with the different cry1Ac gene constructs in tobacco, only 21 showed expression of the Cry1Ac protein, confirming observations made in cotton that regenerants that express high levels of the Cry1Ac protein are selected against during regeneration of transformed events. This problem was circumvented by targeting the Cry1Ac protein to the chloroplast, which also significantly improved the expression of the protein.
Diversity of ethnomedicinal plants in Churdhar Wildlife Sanctuary of district Sirmour of Himachal Pradesh, India
(Open Science Publishers LLP, 2019-11) Radha; Puri, Sunil; Chandel, Kamna; Pundir, Ashok; Thakur, Mohindra Singh; Chauhan, Bhawna; Simer, Kajal; Dhiman, Nidhi; Shivani; Thakur, Yaswant Singh; Kumar, Sanjeev
Himachal Pradesh has a great altitudinal range (300–7,000 masl), with varied species, habitats, communities,populations, and ecosystems. There are more than 3,400 different species of plants are reported to be found inHimachal Pradesh. In the state, excess of thousand plant species identified as aromatic and medicinal appear intemperate forests, Shiwalik hills, alpine and sub-alpine pastures. Majority of the inhabitants in Himachal Pradeshbelong to different communities and cultures, with specific traditional knowledge. In the remote areas, especiallyhigh-altitude regions are contemporary medical amenities, and therefore tribal and rural society mainly depends onnative medicinal plants. Herein, we compiled 41 medicinal plant species belonging to same or different families usedby migratory shepherds in Churdhar Wildlife Sanctuary of district Sirmour in Himachal Pradesh. This survey will helpthe medicos, pharmaceutical industry for refining the public healthiness amenities, and maintenance of wild medicinalplant prosperity of the studied zone.
Effect of cataract surgery on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness parameters using scanning laser polarimetry (GDxVCC).
(2010-09) Dada, Tanuj; Behera, Geeta; Agarwal, Anand; Kumar, Sanjeev; Sihota, Ramanjit; Panda, Anita
Purpose: To study the effect of cataract extraction on the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and assessment by scanning laser polarimetry (SLP), with variable corneal compensation (GDx VCC), at the glaucoma service of a tertiary care center in North India. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two eyes of 32 subjects were enrolled in the study. The subjects underwent RNFL analysis by SLP (GDx VCC) before undergoing phacoemulsification cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (Acrysof SA 60 AT) four weeks following cataract surgery. The RNFL thickness parameters evaluated both before and after surgery included temporal, superior, nasal, inferior, temporal (TSNIT) average, superior average, inferior average, and nerve fiber index (NFI). Results: The mean age of subjects was 57.6 ± 11.7 years (18 males, 14 females). Mean TSNIT average thickness (μm) pre- and post-cataract surgery was 49.2 ± 14.1 and 56.5 ± 7.6 (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase in RNFL thickness parameters (TSNIT average, superior average, and inferior average) and decrease in NFI post-cataract surgery as compared to the baseline values. Mean NFI pre- and post-cataract surgery was 41.3 ± 15.3 and 21.6 ± 11.8 (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Measurement of RNFL thickness parameters by scanning laser polarimetry is significantly altered following cataract surgery. Post the cataract surgery, a new baseline needs to be established for assessing the longitudinal follow-up of a glaucoma patient. The presence of cataract may lead to an underestimation of the RNFL thickness, and this should be taken into account when analyzing progression in a glaucoma patient.
The Effect Of Smoking On The Cardiovascular Autonomic Functions: A Cross Sectional Study.
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2023-10) Kumar, Sanjeev; Zakiuddin, Mohammad
Background: Cigarette smoking is major risk factor for theSmoking is mediated by impaired autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. development of atherosclerosis. Cigarette smoking alters baseline sympathetic and vagal modulation of the sinoatrial node (S-A Node) and peripheral sympathetic vascular control. Aims & Objective: To assess the effect of active smoking on ANS function as manifested by Heart rate variability or deep breathing test abnormalities. The present cross sectional study was carried out in the Department ofMethods And Materials: Physiology, Madhubani Medical College, Madhubani, Bihar during April 2021 to March 2022 and it was approved by the Institutional Ethical and Research Committee. Result: The difference was observed between the mean values of the Para sympathetic function tests in the smokers and the non – smokers (i.e. p<0.01). It was seen that the Resting Heart Rate had signi?cantly increased and that the Expiration: Inspiration Ratio, the 30:15 Ratio (Response to standing) and the Valsalva Ratio had signi?cantly decreased in the smokers as compared to those in the non – smokers. Conclusion: The cardiovascular autonomic function tests are reliable, non-invasive and easy to carry out. By doing some simple tests we can detect the early involvement of the autonomic nervous system before the clinical symptoms appears. The results of this study are suggestive of decreased sympathetic reactivity in smokers.
Enhancing healthcare access and malaria management via mobile clinics and phone call services in Nuh district of Haryana, India
(Wolters Kluwer – Medknow, 2024-07) Rahi, Manju; Nazmeen, Aarifa; Kumar, Sanjeev; Yadav, Chander Prakash; Kumar, Gaurav; Mittal, Peeyush; Joy, Sam; Sharma, Sachin; Baharia, Rajendra Kumar; Bhati, Gaurav; Goel, Pawan; Sharma, Amit
Background & objectives: Malaria remains a complex challenge in India due to its diverse epidemiology, multi-ethnic population, and multiplicity of malaria vectors. While progress has been made in reducing malaria nationally, persistent pockets hinder elimination efforts. These challenges include hidden reservoirs, inadequate healthcare, suboptimal surveillance, non-compliance, and subclinical infections. Shortage of grassroot level and primary care health staff, transportation issues and general inaccessibility and unavailability of healthcare services are additional challenges. Methods: Mobile healthcare vans have been tried and found useful in enhancing healthcare availability in several health conditions in different settings. Nuh district in Haryana, India is a malaria endemic region; it is indeed one of the districts included by India’s NITI Aayog in the Aspirational Districts Programme, a government initiative that focuses on rapidly transforming and developing the most underdeveloped districts in country. With an aim to improve the healthcare seeking behavior of malaria-endemic community of selected villages of Nuh district, we carried out a study using interventions in two villages of the district, that had mobile malaria clinics and toll-free telephone services in enhancing healthcare access. Results: We found that Sangel village had higher literacy rates (60.6%) as compared to 39.4% in Naushera. Simi- larly, the unemployment rate was higher for Naushera. It the mobile malaria clinic was deployed from December 2019 to July 2020 and a total of 269 phone calls were received from both the villages. A similar number of rapid tests and microscopy smears were examined and all were negative for malaria. The febrile patients were referred to the nearest healthcare facility. Interpretation & conclusion: The study shows that the community is open to using these healthcare interventions. These initiatives of mobile malaria clinics and toll-free telephone services can bridge healthcare gaps, especially in malaria-endemic regions, aligning with India’s malaria elimination and equitable healthcare access goals.
Epidemic Investigation of Water Sources as Cause of Acute Watery Diarrhoea Outbreak in District of Mathura, India
(Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine Gujarat Chapter, 2019-01) Agrawal, Arti; Kumar, Sanjeev; Kumar, Himanshu
Introduction: Cholera is one of the most important diarrheal diseases in India and continues to be an important health problem in India. Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholera serogroups O1 and O139. V. cholerae O1 belonging to the El Tor biotype is the most common serogroup in India. Recently there was an outbreak of acute watery diarrhea in Mant and Nauhjheel Blocks of Mathura district, in May 2017. Objectives: To determine the cause, source and extent of the acute diarrheal disease outbreak in district of Mathura by conducting environmental and microbiological investigations Method: The study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, S.N. Medical College, Agra in association with Department of Community Medicine, S.N. Medical College, Agra. This study was conducted on the water and stool samples collected from Mant and Nauhjheel blocks of Mathura district. Water samples from 2 ice candy factories and 7 Stool samples from suspected cases were collected from areas reporting the maximum number of cases of acute watery diarrhoea, and tested for diarrhoeagenic pathogens in the laboratory. Isolation and identification of pathogen was done according to the standard methodology. Results: Of the 2 water samples and 7 stool samples tested 2 stool samples were found to be positive for V. cholerae. The major reason for the outbreak was traced to be consumption of contaminated water. Conclusion: Provisions of better sanitation and safe drinking water with adequate knowledge of proper hygiene is necessary to avoid recurrence of outbreaks due to cholera. Also continuous surveillance of the outbreak is necessary to avoid the spread of transmission.
Evaluation of Adhesions Underneath Laparoscopic Sterilization Scar in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
(SCIENCEDOMAIN international, 2020-05) Dogra, Ravi Singh; Kumar, Sanjeev; Mahajan, Som Raj; Chaudhary, Rajesh; Dogra, Poonam; Dharwal, Vikrant
Introduction: The minimally invasive approach has become the method of choice for treating most benign abdominal diseases that require surgery. However, it is obvious that laparoscopic procedures are not risk free. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of intra abdominal adhesions underneath umbilical scar following laparoscopic sterilization, in patients who are undergoing abdominal surgeries. Materials and Methods:The present study was a hospital based prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Surgery, Dr Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College (Dr. RPGMC), Kangra at Tanda (HP). The study group consisted of patients admitted to department of surgery during a period of one year and who fulfilled inclusion criteria. During intraoperative period, they were examined for presence or absence of adhesions at the site of previous laparoscopic sterilization scar at Periumblical area.Results:Total of 60 patients were taken in this study. Two out of 60 (3.3%) patients had adhesions underneath previous Laparoscopic Sterilization scar around umbilicus and adhesive structure was omentum in both cases.Conclusion:Adhesion formation is expected in any abdominal surgery whether open orlaparoscopic surgery. In our study only 3.3% of patients had adhesions underneath previous laparoscopic sterilization scar in periumblical region. Therefore umbilical port can be considered for re-entry of index port in next laparoscopic surgery, in patients with history of laparoscopic surgery through umbilical region.
Evaluation of Complications Associated with Injection Methyl Prednisolone & PRP for Shoulder Dysfunctions: An Institutional Based Study
(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2019-09) Kumar, Sanjeev; Singh, Piyush Pushkar
Background: The term “frozen shoulder” as a disease of slowonset, with inability to sleep on the affected side due to severepain and stiffness in all directions without radiologicabnormalities. The annual incidence of periarthritis is between3% -5% in the general population & as high as 20% amongindividual with diabetes. The present study was conducted withthe aim to evaluate the complication associated with injectionmethyl prednisolone and PRP for shoulder dysfunction.Materials and Methods: The present comparative study wasconducted in the Hindu Rao Hospital, Delhi over a period of 24months. Study subjects were systemically and randomlyallocated in two groups of 30 each (Group A and Group B).Two groups of 30 patient each were made. Patient in group ‘A’were subjected to autologous platelet rich plasma injection andin group ‘B’ were subjected to local injection methylprednisolone. Regular follow up was performed at 1 month, 2month, 6 month and any complications were noted and thedata thus obtained was arranged in a tabulated form andanalyzed using SPPSS software.Results: The p=0.118 suggests that there was no statisticallysignificant difference of gender between the two groups. Out ofthirty patients, five (16.67%) patients had a minor complicationin form of pain at injection site which subsided over one week.There were 2 cases (6.67%) with pain. Rest of the 26 patients(86.70%) had no associated complication.Conclusion: Both the method was safe with minimalcomplication in our study in contrast to literature which showsvarious adverse effects of steroid.

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