Browsing by Author "Kulkarni, R D"
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Item The absence of interaction with alcohol of a new antiprotozoal agent Go. 10213 Cibemone.(1984-08-01) Gadgil, S D; Vaidya, A B; Talwalkar, S; Doshi, B; Kulkarni, R DItem Absorption & urinary & salivary excretion of lithium after oral administration.(1983-11-01) Doshi, B S; Rout, S J; Kulkarni, R DItem Absorption and efficacy of intramuscular tetracycline.(1971-07-01) Kulkarni, R D; Hattangadi, M; Gharpure, V G; Joshi, V RItem Age related changes in urinary 6-beta hydroxycortisol in normal infants.(1996-05-01) Patel, S B; Toddywalla, V S; Betrabet, S S; Kulkarni, R D; Kombo, I; Saxena, B NItem Association of platelet count and serological markers of dengue infection- importance of NS1 antigen.(2011-10) Kulkarni, R D; Patil, S S; Ajantha, G S; Upadhya, A K; Kalabhavi, A S; Shubhada, R M; Shetty, P C; Jain, P AIntroduction: Dengue is an acute viral infection with potential fatal complications. Specific antibody detection has been the mainstay of diagnosis which is prone for both false positive and false negative reactions. The newer parameter NS1 appears to be highly specific and reliable for diagnosis of dengue infection from the first day of fever. Platelet count is the only accessory test for diagnosis of dengue infection in the peripheral laboratories. Therefore, we tried to evaluate the association of platelet counts against NS1 and IgM/IgG in dengue infections. Materials and Methods: Serum samples from clinically suspected dengue cases were tested for NS1, IgM and IgG by immunochromatography-based test. Platelet counts were obtained for all positive cases and 150 dengue seronegative cases of fever that served as controls. Test results of dengue-specific parameters were compared against platelet counts. The proportions obtained were compared by Standard error of the difference between the proportions (SEP test). Results: Of 2104 samples tested, 320 were positive for one or more dengue parameters. Of the 320, 95 were positive for NS1 only, 161 showed IgM only while 9 showed IgG only. More than one marker was detected in the remaining 55 samples. Thrombocytopenia was more consistently associated whenever NS1 was detected compared to antibody detection (P value <0.001). Conclusions: Inclusion of NS1 in the diagnosis of dengue increases the detection rate significantly. In cases of fever, thrombocytopenia is more consistently found in dengue positive rather than dengue negative subjects. It correlates well when NS1 and IgM are detected simultaneously.Item Bioavailability in humans of solid dosage forms of phenytoin marketed in India.(1980-12-01) Baichwal, A R; Tipnis, H P; Kulkarni, R D; Worlikar, P SItem Carbohydrate malnutrition (carbohydrate deprivation syndrome). (Some clinical, biochemical and developmental aspects).(1972-06-01) Udani, P M; Parekh, U C; Shah, B P; Kulkarni, R DItem Clinicobacteriological study of gas gangrene.(1990-01-01) Udgaonkar, U S; Dharmadhikari, C A; Kulkarni, R D; Kulkarni, V; Pawar, S GOut of 1040 cases of road side crush injuries 14 cases (1.3%) who developed gas gangrene clinically were studied bacteriologically. Clostridia accounted for 6 (42.86%) cases and non-clostridial anaerobes and aerobes for 4 (28.57%) cases each. Clostridium perfringens was found to be the commonest isolate but non-clostridial anaerobes and aerobes also formed a sizable number. It was concluded that for prevention of gas gangrene a proper surgical toilet and antibiotics at the time of injury were necessary and a smear examination might give a clue to early diagnosis.Item Colonization of pregnant women and their newborn infants with group-B streptococci.(2001-04-01) Kulkarni, A A; Pawar, S G; Dharmadhikari, C A; Kulkarni, R DAs group B streptococci (GBS) prevalence varies from place to place and this organism is responsible for serious infections in newborns such as septicaemia and meningitis, the present study was carried out to find the prevalence of GBS in pregnant women and their neonates. From June 1998 to April 1999 a total of 317 pregnant women and their neonates were examined for GBS. GBS colonization rate was 2.52% and 1.26% in pregnant women and their neonates respectively. Four sites - viz. throat, external ears, external nares and stump of umbilicus from neonates were found to be equally colonized by GBS immediately after birth and at the time of discharge from hospital, except the umbilicus which was not swabbed at the time of discharge. None of the neonates developed GBS related sepsis. Selective broth medium (SBM) was found to be a superior transport method over Stuart transport medium and filter paper method. All the isolates were sensitive to Ampicillin, Erythromycin, Penicillin followed by Chloramphenicol 66.6% (12/18). All the strains were resistant to Gentamicin, followed by Tetracycline 94.4% (17/18) and Kanamycin 88.8% (16/18).Item Comparative bioavailability study of clonazepam after oral administration of two tablet formulations.(2000-10-24) Chauhan, B L; Sane, S P; Revankar, S N; Rammamurthy, L; Doshi, B; Bhatt, A D; Bhate, V R; Kulkarni, R DOBJECTIVE: To assess the bioavailability of clonazepam from two brands of 2 mg tablet formulations--Epitril and reference brand. METHODS: A two-way randomised cross-over bioavailability study was carried out in 12 healthy male volunteers. Coded plasma samples were analysed for levels of clonazepam by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. RESULTS: The mean Cmax, Tmax t1/2 beta and AUC (0-48) for Epitril were: 16.31 +/- 3.07 ng/mL, 1.63 +/- 0.48 h, 46.97 +/- 12.26 h and 207.70 +/- 57.07 ng/ml.h; for reference brand were 19.75 +/- 5.95 ng/mL, 1.42 +/- 0.29 h, 46.88 +/- 11.29 h and 215.70 +/- 50.89 ng/ml.h respectively. These were comparable and the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Based on above pharmacokinetic parameters, Epitril was bioequivalent to reference brand.Item Comparative study of adherence of oral Candida albicans isolates from HIV sero-positive individuals and HIV sero-negative individuals to human buccal epithelial cells.(2010-07) Jain, Pavithra A; Veerabhadrudu, K; Kulkarni, R D; Ajantha, G S; Shubhada, C; Amruthkishan, UAim: Candida albicans occurs as a commensal of the gastrointestinal tract. Under predisposing conditions, candida can produce a broad array of infections. HIV seropositive individuals show increased oral colonization compared to the HIV seronegative healthy individuals. C. albicans shows a variety of pathogenic factors. We have studied one such factor here; the adherence property of C. albicans isolated from HIV seropositive individuals and HIV seronegative to Human Buccal Epithelial Cells (HBEC) of normal healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: Concentrated oral rinse specimen were collected from 50 healthy volunteers (control group) and 25 HIV positive individuals (test group) and used for isolation of C. albicans. Adherence assay was done using C. albicans isolates from both groups on HBEC collected from HIV sero-negative, normal individuals. The adherence assay method described by Kimura and Pearsall was used with minor modification. Statistical Analysis Used: The results of Adhesion assay were subjected to statistical analysis using student "t" test. Results: C. albicans isolated from both the groups were tested for their adherence property to normal HBEC. The isolates from test group showed more adherence to HBEC compared to those of the control group, with average rate of adherence being 56.6%. The control group showed average adherence rate of 29.1%. This was statistically significant with p value equal to 0.05. Conclusion: C. albicans from HIV infected individuals showed significant rise in degree of adhesion to the buccal epithelial cells than the isolates from healthy controls, suggesting the enhancement of virulence factors such as adherence in the presence of predisposing condition.Item Dose of digoxin and age of child.(1987-03-01) Doshi, B S; Vijayaraghavan, K C; Ajit, D; Chauhan, B L; Amdekar, Y K; Kulkarni, R DItem Effect of sodium bicarbonate on tolerance to orally admininstered iron.(1970-01-01) Kulkarni, R D; Philipose, SItem Evaluation of thyroid function with radioactive iodine using whole body profile scanner.(1977-03-01) Kulkarni, V N; Kulkarni, R D; Mehta, D JItem Fatal Burkholderia pseudomallei septicaemia in a patient with diabetes.(2011-04) Kulkarni, R D; Jain, Pavithra; Ajantha, G S; Shetty, Jeevan; Chunchanur, Sneha; Shubhada, CItem Hypothalamus and growth hormone release.(1969-04-01) Kulkarni, R DItem Immuno-reactive insulin in the serum of various groups of diabetics and non-diabetics.(1971-08-01) Raheja, B S; Kulkarni, R D; Talwalkar, N GItem Immunotherapeutic modification by an ayurvedic formulation Septilin.(1994-08-01) Rao, C S; Raju, C; Gopumadhavan, S; Chauhan, B L; Kulkarni, R D; Mitra, S KEffect of Septilin, an ayurvedic formulation proven to be effective in the therapy of chronic infections, was investigated on the phagocytic system and humoral response in rats and mice. Septilin exhibited significant protection in E. coli-induced abdominal sepsis in normal mice and in Staphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis in neutropenic mice. It significantly reduced the viable E. coli cells when incubated with neutrophils in rats. Septilin stimulated the phagocytic function of the reticuloendothelial system in mice. In normal rats, Septilin enhanced anti-SRBC hemagglutination antibody titre by 5.7-fold and showed significant protection in cyclophosphamide-induced humoral suppression.Item In vivo and in vitro availability of commercial phenytoin formulations containing phenobarbitone.(1980-12-01) Shukla, U A; Gokhale, R D; Tipnis, H P; Kulkarni, R D; Worlikar, P SItem Incidence of hepatitis B surface antigen in liver diseases and voluntary blood donors.(1990-03-01) Dharmadhikari, C A; Kulkarni, R D; Kulkarni, V A; Udgaonkar, U S; Pawar, S GA total of 5,606 samples were collected during January 1978 to December 1983. Out of which 4,900 were of voluntary blood donors, 564 of acute hepatitis, 130 of liver cirrhosis and 12 from hepatocellular carcinoma cases. All these samples were studied by counter immune-electro-osmophoresis (CIEP) for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The HBsAg were detected in 40 samples from voluntary donors (0.8%), 122 cases of acute hepatitis (21.6%), 20 cases of liver cirrhosis (15.3%) and 2 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (16.6%).