Browsing by Author "Khan, M. A."

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    Acute respiratory distress syndrome in Plasmodium vivax malaria. A case-control study of comparison between ARDS and non-ARDS patients in P. Vivax malaria
    (Medip Academy, 2023-08) Jain, V.; Bajaj, K.; Neelamegam, S.; Singh, D.; Chandra, K.; Kashyap, V.; Khan, M. A.; Alam, S.; Kohli, S.
    Background: Plasmodium vivax was conventionally considered to be a benign parasite for centuries but in the recent years have proved to be a virulent parasite causing severe malaria. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of such severe complications with a significant morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of ARDS and identify the associated factors that could potentially lead to ARDS in patients with vivax malaria. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in New Delhi. 329 patients with an established diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax mono-infection were identified using hospital medical records, the associated factors were evaluated and compared to calculate the odds of developing ARDS. All patients were categorized into ARDS cases and non-ARDS controls. Results: The incidence of ARDS was 7% with a female sex predominance (60.86%). Mean urea (71.5 mg/dl), creatinine (2.7 mg/dl), and AST (97.8 units/l) elevation in addition to decreased hemoglobin (7.7 gm/dl) and platelets count (38,217 cells/µl) proved to be significantly associated with ARDS in our study. Conclusions: Plasmodium vivax is a virulent parasite and can cause severe malaria even in the setting of isolated infection. Cytokine mediated diffuse inflammatory response is a postulated pathophysiology causing ARDS.
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    Efficacy of core stabilization program and conventional exercises in low back pain
    (Medip Academy, 2023-11) Kumar, A.; Gupta, V.; Khan, M. A.; Srivastava, H.
    Background: Patients experiencing low back pain (LBP) often benefit from therapeutic exercise. These exercises can retrain trunk muscles and improve spinal stability and sensory integration. Consequently, we aimed to compare the efficacy of a core stabilization program and conventional exercises in low back pain. Methods: This prospective, comparative study comprised 192 subjects aged 20-60 with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSLBP). Core stabilization or usual physical therapy activities were randomly assigned to groups C or R. Both treatment groups received TENS and ultrasound therapy. Pretreatment, second, fourth, and sixth-week post-treatment outcomes were documented using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Both groups were female-dominated. Height, weight, and BMI were comparable. At baseline, group C had a mean VAS score (5.69±1.80), while group R had (5.52±1.42). P value 0.4684 indicates no significant difference between exercise groups. At the final assessment, group C had a considerably (p<0.0001*) lower mean VAS score (2.96±0.39) than group R (3.89±0.98). Group C had a substantially higher mean VAS score change from baseline to the final evaluation (-2.73±0.51) than group R (-1.18±0.79). Conclusions: Core stabilization exercise is more effective than routine physical therapy exercise in terms of greater reduction in pain in chronic NSLBP.
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    Morphometeric study of dens and its clinical importance
    (Medip Academy, 2023-04) Yousuf, S. M.; Gulzar, S.; Itoo, M. S.; Bhat, G. M.; Khan, M. A.
    Background: The axis vertebra's distinguishing characteristic is the existence of the odontoid process. The axis vertebra's morphology is very different from the morphologies of the other cervical vertebrae. Surgery on the axis vertebrae is exceedingly risky, and dens of axis vertebrae fractures are fairly common. As a result, it is essential to have a good grasp of the anatomical variance before performing the procedure. The study aimed to evaluate the morphometric parameters of the odontoid process of the axis vertebra. The different anatomical parameters of the odontoid process of the vertebra will be measured and compared with the previously studied parameters. Methods: Thirty dried human axis vertebrae of unknown sex will be taken. The linear and angular morphometric measurements of odontoid process will be recorded by using vernier caliper and goniometer. Results: The mean height, a-p diameter, and minimum and maximum width were 15.8mm, 10.7mm, 10.3mm and 8.5mm respectively. The total height and vertical angle were 38.1mm and 52.2 degrees respectively. Conclusions: To prevent damage to vital components and to help treat dens fractures, the information gleaned from this study may be helpful to surgeons working around the dens of the axis vertebra.
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    Outcome of perforator propeller flap for the coverage of soft tissue defects over middle and distal part of leg
    (Medip Academy, 2024-04) Nazrul Hossain Mullah, M.; Ruhul Amin, M.; Noor-E-Alam, M.; Sultan, I.; Khan, M. A.; Nahar, L.; Uddin, H. N.; Ahmed, T.
    Background: Plastic surgery is a constant battle between blood supply and beauty. The end result of a reconstructive procedure is primarily attributable to the stability of the vascular component, which is fundamental in that it ensures survival and proper functioning of tissues that have been transferred to the recipient site. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of perforator propeller flap for coverage of soft tissue defects in middle and distal legs. Methods: This was a prospective observational study and was conducted in the Department of Plastic Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from September 2018 to February 2020. The study population includes the total of 30 patients having soft tissue defects of the middle and distal thirds of leg necessary for flap coverage in the Department of Plastic Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Results: In total 30 patients maximum 11 (36.7%) were in 31-40 years age group. Majority 27 (90%) were male and 3 (10%) were female in our study. Out of 22 flaps in distal leg necrosis occurred in 4 (18.19%) and among 8 flaps in middle leg necrosis occurred in 1 (12.5%). Conclusions: This study observed that that perforator propeller flaps are ideal in reconstructing soft tissue defects of the middle and distal third of the leg, being safe, easy to perform, providing similar tissue in texture and thickness of damaged tissues, with low donor site morbidity.
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    Response of Different Levels of Salicylic Acid on Growth Characteristics, Chlorophyll Content, Yield Attributes and Yield of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.) under Rainfed Condition
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-03) Rawat, Deepak Kumar; Khan, M. A.; Kumar, Amit; Prasad, Janki; Prajapati, Sunil Kumar; Prajapati, Bimlesh Kumar
    To study the response of different levels of salicylic acid on growth characteristics, chlorophyll intensity, yields attributes and yield of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) under rainfed conditions. The field experiment was conducted at Department of Crop Physiology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India during kharif season in the year 2017-18. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 Treatments replicated thrice and assigned in 30 plots. The treatment comprised as T1: Control, T2: Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 50 ppm at 20 DAS, T3: Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 50 ppm at 40 DAS, T4: Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 50 ppm at 60 DAS, T5: Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 100 ppm at 20 DAS, T6: Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 100 ppm at 40 DAS, T7: Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 100 ppm at 60 DAS, T8: Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 150 ppm at 20 DAS, T9: Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 150 ppm at 40 DAS, T10: Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 150 ppm at 60 DAS. The results showed significant increments in Growth attributes, relative water content (%), chlorophyll intensity (SPAD meter value), yield and yield attributes viz., plant height (36.50 and 38.10 cm) at 70 DAS and maturity, number of leaves plant-1(8.66, 23.66 and 22.0) at 35, 70 DAS and maturity, number of branches plant-1 (3.9, 8.60 and 10.33) at 35, 70 DAS and maturity, dry weight of plant-1(2.76, 6.12 and 5.01 g) at 35, 70 DAS and maturity, dry weight of stem plant-1(2.76, 7.12 and 7.96 g) at 35, 70 DAS and maturity, total dry weight of plant (4.96, 13.24 and 21.97 g) at 35, 70 DAS and maturity, total leaf area plant-1 (211.33 and 384.87 cm-2) at pre and post flowering, Relative water content (51.50 and 43.43) at Pre and post flowering, Chlorophyll content (49.93 and 40.90) at pre and post flowering, Number of pods plant-1 (46.00) at maturity, Dry weight of pods plant-1 (8.99g) at maturity, seed yield plant-1 (6.66 g), 100-Seed weight (4.41 g), Harvesting index (30.30%), Grain Yield (10.35 q ha-1) with the foliar application of salicylic acid @ 150 ppm at 60 DAS while minimum in control. The addition of salicylic acid under rainfed conditions resulted in significant increments in growth parameters, chlorophyll intensity, yield and yield attributes of black gram in rainfed conditions. Thus, it may be concluded that the foliar application of salicylic acid @ 150 ppm was found to be optimum concentration in enhancing growth and yield of a black gram over rest of treatment under rainfed conditions.
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    A study on maternal factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practices regarding feeding practices among mothers attending NRC
    (Medip Academy, 2024-04) Madhusudanan, T. M.; Khan, M. A.
    Background: Child under nutrition is the leading cause in more than one third of infant and child death globally especially in developing countries. Various social and environmental factors affect child nutrition and result in under nutrition. Maternal knowledge, their attitude, and practices all can have an effect in changing the child’s nutritional pattern. It is thus essential that mothers have proper knowledge on dietary practices in prevention of malnutrition, which, in turn, can help them to have good attitude toward the dietary practices so that they can change their behaviour and harmful practices. Methods: Information obtained from the mothers of children admitted to nutrition rehabilitation centre (NRC) during the period from January 2020 to June 2021 using the questionnaire with direct interview method. Used a predesigned questionnaire on respective mothers. Results: 42.8% of mothers had an overall good knowledge. 91.96% of mothers had a positive attitude and good practices towards feeding practices of children admitted to NRC. Conclusions: Education occupation and socio-economic class does not influence the knowledge attitude and practices of mothers regarding feeding practices whereas number of ANC visits has a significant effect.
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    Tuberculosis, neck abscess a case report and literature review
    (Medip Academy, 2023-12) Hussain, T.; Malik, M.; Matin, A.; Attique, S.; Alaqeab, E.; Shrayyef, T.; Khan, M. A.
    This case report discusses the diagnosis and management of TB in a 35-year-old male patient of Asian origin living in Ireland. The patient presented with neck abscess, fatigue, and low energy levels. Clinical examination revealed a neck lump with a discharging wound. Further investigations, such as imaging, blood tests, and histopathology, led to the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The tests further showed pulmonary nodules and enlarged lymph nodes. The patient's QuantiFERON test was positive, indicating latent TB infection. Various diagnostic tests were conducted to rule out other infections and autoimmune conditions. Treatment involved incision and drainage of the neck abscess and a combination of anti TB drugs such as isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampicin, and ethambutol. Providing a significant focus and conducting comprehensive diagnostic evaluations is crucial for effectively treating extrapulmonary TB. It is imperative to quickly identify, manage, and take preventative measures in order to achieve the optimal patient outcome when dealing with TB.