Browsing by Author "Kaur, K."

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    Assessment of Physico-chemical Properties of Soil and Irrigation Water Quality of Phulpur Blocks of Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh, India
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-11) Yadav, P; Swaroop, N; David, AA; Thomas, T; Singh, AK; Kaur, K.
    We aimed to study nutrient status in Phulpur block of Prayagraj District of Uttar Pradesh, India. We collected representative soil samples covering nine villages of Phulpur division at depths like 0-15cm, 15-30cm and 30-45cm before sowing of crops. The soil samples were analyzed for their physico-chemical properties. Results show that the soil samples of the areas of the Phulpur division were found to be mildly alkaline and non-saline. There are many reasons leading to soil quality deterioration, including changes in land use types of forest to arable land and the consequences of intensive land use. The colour of soil changes between the three depths at all locations. There were differences in the colour of dry and wet soils was dark brown to dark yellowish brown. The soil bulk density varied from 1.22 to 1.41 Mg m-3, soil particle density varied from 2.291 to 2.452 Mg m-3, pore space from 41.6 to 48.2 %, water holding capacity from 36.60 to 43.30 % respectively. Soil pH varied from 7.26 to 7.84 and EC is 0.24 to 0.38 dS m-1. while soil organic carbon varied from 0.29 to 0.45 % and available nitrogen from low to medium (180 to 275 kg ha-1), available phosphorous from medium to high (10.80 to 22.5 kg ha-1), potassium was found to be medium range (132.00 to 231.00 kg ha?1), exchangeable calcium and magnesium low from (3.48 to 5.50 Meq 100g-1) and (1.66 to 2.72 Meq 100g-1) respectively. The water pH of varied from 6.24 to 7.50, the electrical conductivity of water ranged from 0.31 to 0.90 dS m-1, the bicarbonate of water varied from 7 to 18 Meq L-1, the chloride of water varied from 4.5 to 10.4 Meq L-1, the available calcium of water varied from 4.2 to 8 Meq L-1, the available magnesium of water varied from 2.5 to 3.6 Meq L-1, the potassium of water varied from 0.05 to 0.17 Meq L-1 and the sodium of water varied from 0.08 to 0.21 Meq L-1. The sodium absorption ratio (SAR) ranged from 0.03 to 0.1 Meq L-1, indicating low to moderate levels of sodium content in the water samples. The soluble sodium percent (SSP) ranged from 1.47 to 3.93 Meq L-1, providing further insight into the sodium content in the water. The residual sodium carbonate (RSC) varied from -2.4 to 7.4 Meq L-1. The permeability Index (PI) ranged from 28 to 56 Meq L-1, serving as an indicator of the potential impact of water on soil permeability, the Kelley's ratio (KR) ranged from 0.08 to 0.024 Meq L-1. The KR is a measure of the sodium hazard in irrigation water, with lower values indicating a lower risk of sodium-related issues in soil and crops. The range of the irrigation water quality index value ranged from 44 to 157 Meq L-1 it was determined that 100% of the samples are in suitable range for irrigation.
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    Association of SSR based genetic distances with heterosis in sunflower
    (Triveni Enterprises, 2019-09) Kaur, K.; Dhillon, S.K.; Gill, B.S.; Kaur, G.
    Aim: Development of commercial hybrid of sunflower on basis of best inbred combination remains a key challenge to sunflower breeders. In the current investigation, heterosis of F1 hybrids, parental genetic diversity and correlation between genetic distance and level of heterosis were estimated. Methodology: Thirty five parental genotypes (3 CMS A lines and 32 R lines) and their hybrids were assessed for physio-morphological, yield and quality traits. Heterosis was measured as mid-parent and better parent heterosis. Among parents, SSR marker based genetic distances were calculated using DARwin software. Correlation between heterosis and genetic distances was carried out by Karl Pearson’s simple correlation method. Results: Range of genetic distances, based on SSR marker analysis, varied from 0.32-0.73. Genetic distance had significant positive correlation with the heterosis for oil content (r = 0.22 p<0.05) and linoleic acid (r = 0.32 p<0.05), but negative correlation was observed for days to maturity, test weight, volume weight, stearic acid and oleic acid. There was no significant correlation between genetic distance and heterosis for seed yield and other agronomic traits. Interpretation: Although, genetic distance is poor predictor of heterosis, dependence of oil content on genetic distance among parental lines may be used for designing an effective breeding program for sunflower.
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    A comparative study of mifepristone with dinoprostone for induction of labor in third trimester
    (Medip Academy, 2025-01) Sivadas, A; Grover, S; Kaur, H; Goyal, LD; Kaur, K.
    Background: Success of labor induction depends upon favourability of the cervix at the time of induction. Various methods have been tried for labor induction but the search for ideal induction agent continues. There is a paucity of literature regarding the safety and efficacy of Mifepristone as induction agent in live pregnancies. Our aim was to study the efficacy of tablet Mifepristone as a cervical ripening agent and to compare the feto-maternal outcome with Dinoprostone gel. Methods: A total of 100 patients who required labor induction were enrolled and randomized to receive mifepristone and dinoprostone. 50 patients were given oral tablet Mifepristone 200mg and 50 patients were instilled with intracervical Dinoprostone 0.5mg gel. The outcome was assessed by improvement in bishop’s score, induction delivery interval, requirement of oxytocin, mode of delivery, and feto-maternal complications. Results: The improvement in mean Bishop’s score after 24hours was more in Mifepristone group (2.78±1.28 to 7.22±2.02) than in Dinoprostone group (2.64±1.29 to 6.70±1.75) (p=0.173). The incidence of vaginal delivery and LSCS were 86% and 14% in Mifepristone group and 72% and 28% in Dinoprostone group, respectively (p=0.227). The requirement of mean dosage of oxytocin was lesser in Mifepristone group (2.26±0.71) as compared to Dinoprostone group (3.29±1.35) (p=0.001). NICU admission was required in 26% neonates in Dinoprostone group and 16% neonates in Mifepristone group (p=0.220). Conclusions: Mifepristone is a safe and efficient cervical ripening agent with no significant adverse effects to both mother and fetus.
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    Comparative study of vicryl polyglactin (910) versus chromic catgut for episiotomy repair
    (Medip Academy, 2025-01) Kaur, N; Kaur, AP; Manku, H; Kaur, K.
    Background: The aim of the study was to compare two different absorbable suture materials, namely vicryl rapide (no. 2-0) and chromic catgut (no.1-0) for episiotomy repair and evaluate their outcomes related to short term maternal post-partum morbidity. Methods: The prospective randomized comparative study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Bebe Nanki Mother and Child Care Centre, Amritsar, for a period of 1 year, with 200 pregnant females admitted in the labour room who needed episiotomies for vaginal delivery and were randomly allocated for episiotomy repair with either vicryl polyglactin (910) (no. 2-0) or chromic catgut (no.1-0) with 100 patients in each group and various parameters like pain, swelling, tenderness, dyspareunia, wound discharge and dehiscence were assessed in each group at 24-48 hours, 10-14 days and 6 weeks postpartum. Results: The sociodemographic characteristics were comparable in both groups. Compared to chromic catgut, the vicryl rapide group was associated with lesser pain (7% versus 21%), feeling of stitches (20% versus 38%) and swelling and tenderness (4% versus 12%). There was significantly less wound disruption (3% versus 12%), feeling of stitches (11% versus 21%) and wound discharge (1% versus 7%) in vicryl rapide group at 10-15 days. Residual pain and dyspareunia were also less in vicryl group at 6 weeks. Conclusions: It can be concluded that vicryl rapide is a superior suture material than chromic catgut for repair of episiotomy as it results in lesser complications and improved wound healing.
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    Incidental detection of gallbladder carcinoma in third trimester of pregnancy
    (Medip Academy, 2025-05) Oberoi, H; Kaur, AP; Kaur, K.
    Gall bladder cancer (GBC) represents the most common biliary tract cancer. GBCs are diagnosed more frequently in women. GB cancer represents a progression from dysplasia, to carcinoma in situ, to invasive carcinoma over about 15 years. Severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ have been found in more than 90% of gallbladders that contain GB cancer. A 35-year-old G2P1L1 @34.4 weeks with previous 1 lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) came to emergency referred from a primary health center in view of pain abdomen. She was worked up and was found out to have deranged liver functions but no visible icterus, ultrasound whole abdomen showed GB mass with multiple heterogenous hypoechoic round to oval targeted lesions largest measuring 3.5×3 cm suggestive of metastasis. Patient was taken up for LSCS at 36 weeks. Post-operative period was uneventful until day 3 when patient started complaining of pain epigastrium with mild abdominal distention. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) was done which proved it to be a metastatic GB cancer. GB cancer during pregnancy is rare but challenging to manage. Diagnostic imaging, like ultrasound is mostly the safest and first line approach. The prognosis of stage 4 gallbladder cancer in pregnancy depends on various factors, including the extent of metastasis, the patient’s overall health, and the timing of diagnosis and treatment. Generally, stage 4 gallbladder cancer has a poor prognosis, with low survival rates even outside of pregnancy.
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    The prevalence of pruritus gravidarum and its relation with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
    (Medip Academy, 2023-05) Choudhary, L.; Kaur, A. P.; Kaur, T.; Kaur, K.
    Background: Pruritus is a common complaint amongst pregnant woman, affecting 20% of them. This can be physiological or due to some specific dermatological conditions. Among them Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is most common cause and is characterized by pruritus with derranged liver enzymes and raised serum bile acid levels in the absence of any other liver pathology. It is associated with increased fetomaternal morbidity. Methods: This was a prospective study, conducted at Bebe Nanki Mother and Child Care Centre, Government Medical College, Amritsar in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology with collaboration of Dermatology Department, from March 2021 to Aug 2022. After taking ethical approval, informed consent, detailed history, clinical and biochemical assessment was done and fetomaternal outcome was recorded. Results: Prevalance of pruritus was 20.8% amongst pregnant women, of which 24% patients were diagnosed having intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and 76% were labelled as NON ICP patients. Among NON ICP patients prevalence of pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy was 32.10%. Majority intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy patients had moderately affected quality of life. Majority of pruritic patients had normal bilirubin levels and all intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy patients had raised serum Alanine transaminase, Aspartate transaminase, bile acids values. Meconium stained liquor, preterm delivery, Low birth weight, cesarean rates, NICU admissions rates were higher in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy patients. Conclusions: Pruritus in pregnancy is a common condition. Dermatological opinion along with liver function tests should be done to know about the cause and severity of pruritus. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) affects perinatal outcomes. So patients should be closely monitored to improve the fetomaternal outcome.
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    The prevalence of pruritus gravidarum and its relation with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
    (Medip Academy, 2023-05) Choudhary, L.; Kaur, A. P.; Kaur, T.; Kaur, K.
    Background: Pruritus is a common complaint amongst pregnant woman, affecting 20% of them. This can be physiological or due to some specific dermatological conditions. Among them Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is most common cause and is characterized by pruritus with derranged liver enzymes and raised serum bile acid levels in the absence of any other liver pathology. It is associated with increased fetomaternal morbidity. Methods: This was a prospective study, conducted at Bebe Nanki Mother and Child Care Centre, Government Medical College, Amritsar in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology with collaboration of Dermatology Department, from March 2021 to Aug 2022. After taking ethical approval, informed consent, detailed history, clinical and biochemical assessment was done and fetomaternal outcome was recorded. Results: Prevalance of pruritus was 20.8% amongst pregnant women, of which 24% patients were diagnosed having intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and 76% were labelled as NON ICP patients. Among NON ICP patients prevalence of pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy was 32.10%. Majority intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy patients had moderately affected quality of life. Majority of pruritic patients had normal bilirubin levels and all intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy patients had raised serum Alanine transaminase, Aspartate transaminase, bile acids values. Meconium stained liquor, preterm delivery, Low birth weight, cesarean rates, NICU admissions rates were higher in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy patients. Conclusions: Pruritus in pregnancy is a common condition. Dermatological opinion along with liver function tests should be done to know about the cause and severity of pruritus. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) affects perinatal outcomes. So patients should be closely monitored to improve the fetomaternal outcome.
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    Risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in young and middle aged Indian males: a case control study
    (Medip Academy, 2024-01) Singh, H.; Kaur, K.; Gangwar, S. S.; Katoch, S.; Patel, B. B.; Nayak, R.
    Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are common in India, yet there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the specific risk factors for the Indian population. Our research aimed to identify CVD risk factors in individuals under 50 and compare them with healthy controls, offering insights into preventing CVDs in this younger demographic. Methods: This study focused on newly diagnosed cases of CVDs in males under 50 and matched controls with same demographic parameters. Data on personal, medical, lifestyle and biochemical parameters was compared to identify and understand the key risk factors associated with CVDs in this specific population group. Results: Elevated body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio were linked to CVD, with BMI showing a significant association. High triglyceride (TGL) levels (>150 mg/dl) and LDL cholesterol levels (>130 mg/dl) were significantly associated with CVD. The total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio (>4.5) and low HDL cholesterol (<40 mg/dl) were also linked to CVD risk. Diabetes mellitus was strongly associated with CVD (OR-14.04). Stress, as assessed by a stress score >12, was associated with CVD, although the association was not very strong (OR 1.39). Physical exercise was associated with a protective effect against CVD (OR-0.28). These findings emphasize the critical role of lifestyle factors, such as diet, exercise and stress management in CVD prevention and highlight the importance of managing conditions like obesity and diabetes. Conclusions: This study not only deepens our comprehension of CVD prevention but also provides actionable guidance for fostering heart health, both within the studied population and in broader contexts.