Browsing by Author "Joseph, Dibin"

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    ABO/Rh incompatibility in neonatal jaundice: a tertiary hospital based cross sectional study
    (Medip Academy, 2023-06) Khiangte, Lalrinkimi; Joseph, Dibin
    Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, defined as a total serum bilirubin level above 5 mg/dl (86 ?mol/l). Haemolytic disease of the newborn due to blood group incompatibilities between mother and foetus is one of the commonest cause of hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn.Methods: A Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted among newborns admitted with jaundice.Results: In our study 51 cases of neonatal jaundice were due to ABO incompatibility and among them 24 were having O-A incompatibility and 27 were having O-B incompatibility. The mean serum bilirubin in patients with ABO incompatibility were higher (24.8) than those without ABO incompatibility.Conclusions: In the present study, one third of newborns with neonatal jaundice were having ABO incompatibility. The mean serum bilirubin in patients with ABO incompatibility were higher than those without ABO incompatibility. This highlights the importance of recognizing ABO Rh incompatibility in neonatal jaundice.
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    Clinicoetiological profile of pyrexia of unknown origin in children 1-12 years of age in a tertiary care centre
    (Medip Academy, 2023-06) Surong, Nafisha; Joseph, Dibin
    Background: A primary concern of the paediatricians in evaluating a child with PUO is the limited use of investigations that are case-specific especially in developing countries such as India where availability and affordability are the limiting factors. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the various etiological factors and the clinical profile of children presenting with PUO in this region.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted among 200 children presenting with fever i.e., temperature >100.9?F/38.3 ?C of more than one week duration, with no clear diagnosis after initial investigationsResults: A total of 193 children were included in the study with a mean age of 6.2±1.8 years. Most (62.5%) of the participants had infectious etiology, followed by collagen vascular disorders (10 %) and malignancies (9.5%). Among the participants, 10% remain undiagnosed. Among infectious causes, the most common was respiratory tract infections (17.5%), followed by scrub typhus (13.5%) and urinary tract infections (10%).Conclusions: Our study was conducted to outline the clinic-etiological profile of pediatric patients with PUO in our region. After proper investigations, a diagnosis could be reached in most patients. The commonest aetiology was infectious, followed by collagen vascular disorders and malignancies. Further studies with a larger sample size are suggested.
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    A study of serum electrolyte imbalances and its impact in children of 4 months to 5 years of age group presenting with acute gastroenteritis
    (Medip Academy, 2023-02) Joseph, Dibin; Keithellakpam, Sunilbala
    Background: Fluid and electrolyte derangement are the immediate causes that increases the mortality in diarrhea. The present study was carried out among children of 4 months to 5 years with dehydration due to acute diarrhea to determine the serum electrolyte profile.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in department of pediatrics, RIMS during a period of two years (sept 2019-Aug 2021).Results: A total of 195 patients of 4 months to 5 years of age group presented with acute gastroenteritis were included in the study, among them hyponatreamia was the most frequent electrolyte abnormality noted (37.4%). Most (65.5%) of hyponatremic patients in our study took dilute ORS whereas majority (64.2%) of patients who took appropriate ORS had normal serum sodium levels. Frequency and duration of diarrhea, dehydration status and inappropriate ORS were significant risk factors for serum electrolyte and acid base imbalances.Conclusions: Electrolyte abnormalities were significantly associated with frequency and duration of diarrhea, dehydration status and inappropriate ORS administration. Hence, timely recognition and management of electrolyte abnormalities and appropriate ORS administration improves outcome in acute gastroenteritis related dehydration in children.