Browsing by Author "Fahad I. Al-Saikhan"

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    How Do Out-of-Pocket Expenditures Affect Healthcare: A Qualitative Insight of Acute Exacerbation among Asthma Patients
    (SCIENCEDOMAIN international, 2020-04) Iqbal, Muhammad Shahid; Fahad I. Al-Saikhan; Ahmed, Nehad J.; Iqbal, Muhammad Zahid
    Introduction: This study was designed todetermine the out of pocket costs (OOPCs) of acute exacerbation of asthma (AEA) in asthma patients attending a public hospital.Methodology:A cross-sectionalstudy was done by interviewing the patients using the convenience sampling technique. Data were obtained based on per episode of AEA. OOPCs were calculated based on direct and indirect costs. A total of 128patients participated in the study. The data were analyzed with SPSS ver 23.Results: The study group comprised of 88 males (68.8%), 57 (44.5%) singles and 67 (52.3%) less than 40 years of age. There were considerable differences found between the severity levels and lengths of hospital stay towards theOOPCs. Conclusion:The severity of the AEA and length of stay in the hospital increase the per episode OOPCs of AEA among asthma patients
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    Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
    (SCIENCEDOMAIN international, 2020-04) Iqbal, Muhammad Shahid; Fahad I. Al-Saikhan; Ahmed, Nehad J.; Iqbal, Muhammad Zahid
    Introduction:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) imparts a substantial economic burden on an individual and society. Exacerbation of COPD (ECOPD) is the primary cost driver for this burden as it usually associated with hospital admissions of COPD patients. The present study aimed to determine the direct costs of acute ECOPD among COPD patients.Methods:A total of 90 eligible patients with acute ECOPD who were admitted to the hospital were involved in this study. A convenient sampling technique was used during data collection. Cost data were collected according to the expenditures and existing information. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. TheSpearman's rank test was used to observe the differences (correlations) between the Govt perspective and the patient perspective.Results:The direct costs per episode of acute ECOPD were determined according to the Anthonisen criteria for evaluating acute ECOPD. The mean direct costs for severity III, severity I and severity I were 89.1, 134.8 and 178.2 USD respectively. The cost of acute ECOPD was positively associated with disease severity, length of hospital stay and the number of co-morbidities.Conclusion:Acute ECOPD patients consume a considerable amount of healthcare resources and pose a significant economic burden on the government