Browsing by Author "Dixit, S"

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    Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix in a young patient.
    (1994-04-01) Dixit, S; Singhal, S; Neema, J; Soornarayan, R; Baboo, H A
    Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix is a rare disease. It usually occurs in an elderly age group. A case who presented at a younger age (30 years) is being reported. The chief complaint was excessive vaginal bleeding for 2 months. Per vaginum examination revealed a growth. She was staged FIGO IIIb. She was treated with radical radiotherapy. Disease regressed slowly and complete local response appeared after six months of treatment. Presentation of adenoid cystic carcinoma in younger age group and effect of radiotherapy in advanced stage is reviewed.
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    Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix.
    (1993-10-01) Dixit, S; Singhal, S; Vyas, R; Murthy, A; Baboo, H A
    Adenoid cystic carcinoma constitute around 0.4 to 1.7% of all carcinomas of cervix. It generally presents in elderly age group, however few cases in younger age have also been reported. Majority of cases present in early stage. Though concluding statement regarding the results cannot be made from the cases accumulated from the various reported series, nonetheless this review shows that radiotherapy too is effective in early stage and even in stage I results with radiotherapy appear better than surgery. In advanced stage outcome is invariably poor. In early stage main pattern of failure is distant metastasis. Both local and distant failure are observed in stage III and IV. Though lung is the commonest site of metastases (51%), abdominal cavity and brain are also found to be involved in some cases. Limited experience shows effectiveness of high doses of cisplatin and multiagent chemotherapy. Cases of early stage disease having risk for metastases and local failure should be identified and managed with multimodality treatment using surgery for bulky disease with post-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In advanced stages combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is required. Exenterative surgery for central failure has been used effectively. Overall no evidence of disease rate is found to be about 48%, with mean follow-up of 39 months.
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    Antifilarial activity of Caesalpinia bonducella against experimental filarial infections.
    (2008-07-30) Gaur, R L; Sahoo, M K; Dixit, S; Fatma, N; Rastogi, S; Kulshreshtha, D K; Chatterjee, R K; Murthy, P K
    BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Lymphatic filariasis is a disabling disease that continues to cripple population in tropical countries. Currently available antifilarial drugs are not able to control the disease. Therefore, a better antifilarial is urgently required for proper management of the disease. We undertook this study to assess the antifilarial activity of Caesalpinia bonducella-seed kernel against rodent filarial parasite in experimental model. METHODS: Microfilaraemic cotton rats and Mastomys coucha harbouring Litomosoides sigmodontis and Brugia malayi respectively, were treated with crude extract or fractions of the seed kernel C. bonducella through oral route for 5 consecutive days. Microfilaricidal, macrofilaricidal and female worm sterilizing efficacy was assessed. RESULTS: Crude extract showed gradual fall in microfilariae (mf) count in L. sigmodontis-cotton rat model from day 8 post-treatment attaining more than 95 per cent fall by the end of observation period. It also exhibited 96 per cent macrofilaricidal and 100 per cent female sterilizing efficacy. The butanol fraction F018 caused 73.7 per cent reduction in mf count and 82.5 per cent mortality in adult worms with 100 per cent female sterilization. The aqueous fraction F019 exerted more than 90 per cent microfilaricidal activity and 100 per cent worm sterilization. Two chromatographic fractions, F024 and F025 of hexane soluble fraction exhibited 64 and 95 per cent macrofilaricidal activity, respectively. Both the fractions caused gradual fall in microfilaraemia and 100 per cent worm sterilization. In B. malayi-M. coucha model F025 showed gradual reduction in microfilaraemia and caused 80 per cent sterilization of female parasites INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: In conclusion, C. bonducella- seed kernel extract and fractions showed microfilaricidal, macrofilaricidal and female-sterilizing efficacy against L. sigmodontis and microfilaricidal and female-sterilizing efficacy against B. malayi in animal models, indicating the potential of this plant in providing a lead for new antifilarial drug development.
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    Biochemical analysis, pharmacological activity, antifungal activity and mineral analysis in methanolic extracts of Myrica esculenta and Syzygium cumini: the Indian traditional fruits growing in Uttarakhand Himalaya.
    (2014-01) Pant, G; Prakash, Om; Chandra, Mahesh; Sethi, Sonali; Punetha, H; Dixit, S; Pant, A K
    Myrica esculenta (Myricaceae) and Syzygium cumini(Myrtaceae), the Indian traditional fruits were studied for their biochemical assay, antifungal activity and mineral analysis. The biochemical assay in terms of total phenols, flavonols, ortho dihydroxy phenolic, ascorbic acid & phytic acid content and antioxidant activity revealed different quantitative make up in all the different samples. The in vitro antioxidant activity determined by reducing power assay, chelating power on Fe2+ ions and 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity were found to be good to moderate in a dose dependent manner in all the extracts. The extracts showed significant antinociceptive and antipyretic activity on mice. Methanolic extracts of both the fruits collected from different regions exhibited good antifungal activity against the three pathogenic fungi viz; Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Fusarium oxysporium. All the extracts studied for their mineral analysis through atomic absorption spectroscopy also revealed quantitative variation of N, P , K , S, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn. Fe was found to be maximum in all the samples however Na was absent in all the samples.
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    Biocompatibility of hydrophilic regenerated Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin
    (Open Science Publishers LLP, 2023-07) Dixit, S; Gasti, T; Sherapura, A; Prabhakar, BT; Vootla, SK.
    Silk, a natural biopolymer, is used for both textile and biomedical applications. Natural biopolymers are currently being used in various fields such as tissue engineering, wound healing, and food packaging based on their intrinsic qualities of safety, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, which make them the material of choice. Silk fibroin proteins from the Antheraea mylitta wild silkworm are the least studied in the field of biomaterials. The ?-sheet structures found in non-mulberry silk fibroin protein improve its mechanical properties. The present study was undertaken to regenerate water-soluble A. mylitta silk fibroin to improve its applications and enhance fabrication efficiency. The silk fibroin was regenerated by dissolving degummed silk fibers in calcium nitrate tetrahydrate salt at 100°C for 3 h. The biophysical characterization of regenerated silk fibroin was carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Therapeutic Goods Administration, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, confirming the indigenous aspects of the “regenerated silk fibroin (RSF)”. CD spectra were employed to track ?-helix to ?-sheet conformational transition changes in RSF. MTT assays using NIH3T3 fibroblast cells revealed that the RSF exhibited no toxicity and resulted in the proliferation of cells.
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    Carcinoma of the oesophagus: correlation of radiological appearance with response to radiotherapy.
    (1993-07-01) Vyas, R K; Baboo, H A; Neema, J P; Singhal, S; Dixit, S; Murthy, R
    In order to predict possibility of local control in carcinoma of the oesophagus by radiotherapy, the relationship between the x-ray findings before and after radiotherapy were analyzed in 55 irradiated cases. In the superficial or proliferative type on x-ray before treatment, local control was observed in 87% cases with dose of 40 Gy, whereas in the ulcerative or infiltrative type it was observed in 20% cases. Radiation response is remarkably good in proliferative and superficial lesions seen in oesophagogram.
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    Clinicopathological correlation of various prostatic lesions with serum prostate-specific antigen level – A hospital-based cross-sectional study
    (Mrs Dipika Charan of MedScience (India) Publications, 2023-06) Mishra, SKC; Sahu, BK; Kar, SS; Dixit, S; Dash, AP.
    Background: The prostate is a male reproductive accessory gland which gives rise to several pathological conditions. The present study aims to study the correlation of histopathology of prostatic diseases with the clinical profile of the patient coming to VSS Medical College (VSSMC), Burla for histopathological reporting of prostatic biopsies. Aim and Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) To correlate serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level with various clinical and pathological lesions of the prostrate gland, in a Hospital-based sample of Western Odisha population. (2) As the male gender represents almost half of the entire population, to find out different clinicopathological lesions, percentage-wise, so as to know the frequency of occurrence of such lesions. Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven cases of prostatic diseases were recorded in the Department of Pathology, VSSMC, Burla for histopathological examination of prostatic tissue for 2 years from September 2017 to August 2019. All the samples were fixed in 5 ? sections with 10% neutral buffered formalin. Then Hematoxylin and Eosin stain (H and E stain) was used for staining. Appropriate clinical data comprising signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, and serum PSA levels were recorded. Results: The present study, in the beginning, consisted of 64 patients, out of which seven patients were excluded by exclusion criteria, and finally, 57 cases were analyzed. The most prevalent age group for all prostatic diseases was 61–70 years with a mean of 67 years. The majority of the cases (73.67%) were benign mostly benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) was 12.29% and malignant cases (all adenocarcinoma) were also 12.29%. All patients showed prostatomegaly. About 50% of cases suggestive of malignancy by digital rectal examination (DRE) were confirmed to be carcinoma by histopathological study. Serum creatinine level was raised in 16.27% of benign and 21.42% of premalignant and malignant conditions. Serum PSA level below 4 ng/mL were all benign and above 10 ng/mL were majority malignant conditions. However, at level 4–10 ng/mL, BPH and PIN cases were overlapped with cases of carcinoma. Conclusion: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the most commonly encountered prostatic lesion. Serum PSA level <4 ng/mL is associated with benign conditions and more than 10 ng/mL is associated more with carcinomas. Although, investigations such as DRE and serum PSA estimation aid in diagnosis, a definitive diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of prostate can be made by histopathological study of prostatic biopsies.
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    Comprehensive Review of Crop Water Requirement Estimation Techniques: Approaches, Challenges, and Future Directions
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2024-11) Dixit, S; Singh, VK; Shivam; Ankit; Roshan, VK; Tiwari, SN; Mathur, A; Akram, M; Ali, K.
    In order to meet the growing demand for water, water scarcity is a significant issue that needs attention. Agriculture crops are not getting enough water because of this problem. Consequently, figuring out how much water a given crop needs requires using the right method. Accurate crop water requirements must be measured in order to schedule irrigation effectively, which in turn leads to efficient crop water management. To restore the lost moisture and promote the best possible growth for plants, irrigation is used. Water management and irrigation scheduling fundamentally depend on an accurate calculation of the crop's crop water requirements (ETc). Accurate evapotranspiration measurements are necessary for effective irrigation water management. Evapotranspiration (ET), a process that measures the amount of water lost from soil and crops through transpiration and evaporation processes, respectively, is dependent on a variety of meteorological factors. A significant factor in determining crop water requirements and irrigation schedules is reference evapotranspiration. There exist multiple theories and methodologies for estimating reference evapotranspiration, ranging from empirical to physical based. Reference Evapotranspiration is referred to the idea behind ET is to calculate ET based on a reference surface that is comparable to a deep surface of green grass that is consistently growing, completely covering the surface with enough water, and looking stable. The goal of irrigation futures is to choose a suitable model for estimating reference crop evapotranspiration. In order to calculate the amount of water needed for a crop, multiply ETo by the crop coefficient (Kc), which is dependent on the phases and length of a crop's growth. Regression, fuzzy logic, Penman-Monteith, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves, ANN and WNN, and other conventional and non-traditional methods are used to estimate ETo.
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    Effect of transfer of donor corneal tissue from McCarey朘aufmann medium to Optisol-GS on corneal endothelium
    (All India Ophthalmological Society, 2018-02) Kapur, N; Gunda, S; Dixit, S; Chauhan, L; Acharya, M; Mathur, U
    Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of transfer of donor corneal tissue from McCarey朘aufmann (MK) medium to Optisol-GS on corneal endothelium. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized comparative study. Twenty paired human donor corneal tissues of optical quality were retrieved. One tissue of the pair was preserved in Optisol-GS preservative medium (Group A) and other tissue of the pair in MK medium (Group B) at the time of corneoscleral disc excision. Within 12 h of retrieval, each cornea was evaluated using slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination and specular microscopic analysis. Group B corneas were transferred to Optisol-GS medium within 48� h of retrieval. Specular analysis of the paired corneas was repeated 3 h after transferring to Optisol-GS. On day 7 of storage, specular analysis of both the tissues was repeated. Results: The average age of the donor at the time of death was 29 years (16� years). The reduction in endothelial cell count, from baseline, in Groups A and B was 5.5% and 5.8% (P = 0.938) on the 3rd day and 8.2% and 12.6% (P = 0.025) on the 7th day, respectively, postretrieval. The coefficient of variation (CV) increased by 36% (P = 0.021) and hexagonality reduced by 19% (P = 0.007) on day 7. All tissues retained an endothelial cell density higher than the accepted critical level for penetrating keratoplasty. Conclusion: Significant endothelial cell loss was noted while transferring tissues from one medium to another, necessitating the need for reevaluation of transferred tissues before utilization.
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    An Epidemiological Investigation of Cholera Outbreak in a Residential School for differently abled children and adolescents in Central India
    (MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2025-02) Gautam, P; Goswami, VP; Bajpai, I; Sakalle, S; Dixit, S
    Background: Migration, inadequate sanitation, congestion, and disease ignorance make cholera a major public health issue in emerging nations like India. The increase in diarrhea and dehydration cases at an NGO Residential School for differently abled children and adolescents in Indore, M.P., India, demanded quick investigation to avert future morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To investigate diarrhea and dehydration outbreak at an NGO Residential School for differently abled children and adolescents in urban Indore, M.P., India; determine the etiological agents, outbreak’s severity and recommend control strategies. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study with pre-defined case definition, followed line-listing and collection of stool, food, and water samples. Symptomatic cases were referred and treated. A comprehensive epidemiological report with recommendations and inclusive action plan was submitted to the district health authorities. Results: Out of 94 suspected cases, 31 tested positive for cholera. Most affected individuals (72.34%) were aged 10–19 years, with an equal male-to-female ratio. The case fatality rate was 4.3%, while attack rate was 32.98%. Contaminated drinking water and poor hygiene were identified as the main causes of the outbreak. Conclusion: Contaminated water and poor hygiene were identified as key factors responsible for cholera outbreak. Water treatment and hygiene education helped control the outbreak. Periodic supervision suggested to prevent future outbreaks.
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    Hyperfractionation in advanced head and neck cancer.
    (1991-07-01) Dixit, S; Dvivedi, M S; Rawat, M; Gujral, M S
    This preliminary study was undertaken to observe tumour response and normal tissue tolerance to hyperfractionation. This study showed encouraging locoregional control rate in advanced head and neck cancer. Responses T4 tumors are poor and are prone to recur. This indicates that probably greater dose is needed to control T4 disease. We used 7920 cGy for T4 and late T3 status tumour. This dose is well tolerated by patients. Control of T4 tumours may further be increased by increasing total dose, but in view of inadequate clear cut numerical data of tissue tolerance derived by L-Q = Linear Quadratic formula which is still under clinical trial, further increase in total dose cannot be overemphasized. Longer follow up is necessary to assess the long term control rate and late tissue reaction. There is a need of randomized controlled clinical trial to compare hyperfractionation and conventional fractionation. In next phase we are undertaking randomized study of twice daily, daily and weekly fractionation in advanced head and neck cancer.
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    Identification of host-specific skin-mucus and gut microbiota in snakehead murrel (Channa striata) (Bloch, 1793) using metagenomics approach
    (Open Science Publishers LLP, 2023-09) Rasal, KD; Dixit, S; Swain, PP; Siriyappagouder, P; Kumar, R; Iquebal, MA; Vasam, M; Debbarma, J; Jaiswal, S; Angadi, UB; Rai, A; Kumar, D; Sundaray, JK.
    The host-associated microbiota plays a key role in various biological processes of the host, including immunity, nutrition, and growth. In the present study, we profiled microbiota from the skin-mucus and gut of Channa striata (murrel) during feeding and fasting conditions by utilizing the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing approach. Comparison of the microbial profiles showed that the feeding and fasting rhythm can alter the bacterial diversity of skin-mucus and gut- associated bacterial communities. In brief, the skin-mucus and gut microbial communities of murrel consisted of 22 bacterial phyla and were mainly dominated by Actinobacteria (66.07–87.78%) and Proteobacteria (11.62–31.93%) under both feeding and fasting conditions. Arthrobacter and Rhodococcus, known for improving fish performance in terms of growth, immunity, and nutrition, were more abundant in both gut and skin-mucus. In addition, Vogesella, Brevundimonas, Sphingomonas, and Methylobacterium were present in the skin-mucus and gut samples. PICRUSt analysis revealed several metabolic pathways that were abundant in the fish-fed groups, such as carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, membrane transport, energy metabolism, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, and lipid metabolism. Feeding patterns can alter the diversity of the bacterial community, and the altered microbiota may have a differential role in the metabolic functions of fed and starved fish. This study provides baseline data on the microbial community associated with murrel and their possible contribution to host metabolism. However, these findings need to be further explored at the functional level to determine how dietary shifts regulate gut homeostasis and health.
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    Influence of Organic Manures and Integrated Nutrient Management on Floral Characteristics and Corm Yield in Gladiolus cv. Nova Lux
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2024-09) Dixit, S; Pandey, AK; Tiwari, H; Trivedi, H; Bhadauria, AS.
    A field experiment was conducted at the Department of Horticulture, Janta College Bakewar, Etawah, India, during 2021-22. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with 10 treatments with replications. Different combinations of Vermi-compost, F.Y.M., and NPK were used as treatments. The results revealed that, amongst all the treatments, the application of N.P.K. 120:80:80 kg + V.C. 10 t/ha in treatment (T8) produced significant results. Average height of plant in (90 DAS)73.16cm, Average number of leaves per plant (60 DAS) 5.78, Average width of longest leaf in 5.77cm (final stage), Average length of florets in 9.88 cm (full blooming stage), Average Number of cormels 32.04 per plant, Average weight of corms 150.51 (g). It can be concluded that application of N.P.K. and vermi composed could be used as organic fertilizer for production of Gladiolus.
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    Inoperable non-small cell lung cancer: palliative radiotherapy with two weekly fractions.
    (1998-07-27) Vyas, R K; Suryanarayana, U; Dixit, S; Singhal, S; Bhavsar, D C; Neema, J P; Baboo, H A
    Thirty seven cases (30 males; 7 females) of advanced non-small cell lung cancer were treated with short course of palliative radiotherapy. All the patients were inoperable. Their main symptoms were related to primary intrathoracic disease and poor performance status. Radiotherapy was delivered to a total dose of 17 Gy in two fractions one week apart. Ninety percent of the patients had cough, 50% complained of haemoptysis, 45% chest pain and 30% breathlessness. Palliation of main symptoms was achieved in majority of the patients, more than 90% in haemoptysis, 60% in cough, 70% in chest pain and 50% in breathlessness. Mean duration of palliation was four months and performance status improved in 60% of the patients. Short course radiotherapy of 17 Gy in two weekly fractions is recommended in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) having poor performance status.
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    An integrated treatment approach: a case report for dentinogenesis imperfecta type II.
    (2007-04-08) Shetty, N; Joseph, M; Basnet, P; Dixit, S
    Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II or hereditary opalscent dentin is one of the most common autosomal dominant anomaly of dentin that occurs in both sex affecting approximately 1:8000 persons. Clinically this disorder is characterized by variable blue gray to yellow brown teeth, with fracture of enamel and excessive wear. The treatment strategy is focused towards protecting teeth from further wear and tear and total oral rehabilitation of patient with paramount importance to aesthetics, obtaining an appropriate vertical dimension and providing soft tissue support which will help to return the facial profile to a more normal appearance. A multidisciplinary treatment planning is required for treatment of these individuals.
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    Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Electronic Waste (e-waste) Management Among Users of Electronic Equipments Living in Lucknow City
    (MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2023-03) Kariwala, P; Kandpal, SD; Dixit, S; Singh, AK; Pathak, A; Singh, S.
    Background: Contemporary society has led to the increasing use of electronic equipment that is very much responsible for the burden of electronic waste (e-waste). E-waste contains very hazardous substance that harms health and environmental conditions. There is no delicate mechanism for the management of e-waste in Lucknow city, Uttar Pradesh. This study assessed knowledge, practice, and awareness of e-waste management among residents of this city. Material and methods: The study was conducted amongst users of electronic equipment living in the Lucknow City of Uttar Pradesh. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Multi-stage random sampling was done for the selection of participants for the study. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was administered in a single setting for all phases. The total optimum sample size is 700 individuals who participated in the study. Data were entered in MS Excel 2016 and descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were calculated, applying the chi-square test for association using R-4.2.1 Statistical software. Aim and objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding the management of electronic waste among users of electronic equipment residing in Lucknow city. Results: Only 37% of users are aware that e-waste adversely affects health. Only 34.3% of users knew that e-waste should be given to the seller or manufacturer for recycling while rest told that it should be stored at home, sold to a scrap dealer, or disposed with normal waste. 87.3% users are not aware about e-waste govt guidelines. In the current study electronic and print media like television, radio and news paper were not found to be source of information for e-waste disposal. Conclusion: Education regarding the ill effects of e-waste is essential for people and awareness of proper disposal of e-waste is the need of the hour. Electronic and print media as well as companies producing electronic equipment should play a significant role to awaken the respondent about the disposal of e-waste
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    Leiomyosarcoma of the ovary.
    (1993-07-01) Dixit, S; Singhal, S; Baboo, H A; Vyas, R K; Neema, J P; Murthy, R; Sooryanaraya, U
    A diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma of ovary was made in a 60 year old female presenting with generalised weakness and abdominal lump. On clinical examination, a hard, big mass with some cystic areas was found occupying the pelvic cavity. Chest X-ray revealed presence of metastases. Deranged renal function and structure due to extrinsic pressure were evident on pyelography and USG. USG also suggested the ovarian origin of the mass. Fine needle aspiration biopsy was suggestive of leiomyosarcoma. Laparotomy was carried out for excision of tumor along with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and hysterectomy. Post-operatively renal functions normalized. A course of radiotherapy was given. At 6 months' follow-up, abdomino-pelvic sonography was normal but lung metastases were found to be enlarged. The patient was asked to follow up for chemotherapy but did not come. She died 18 months after treatment, as revealed through correspondence.
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    Ocular prosthesis in children--clinical report.
    (2005-01-13) Dixit, S; Shetty, P; Bhat, G S
    Children and adolescents are particularly susceptible to injuries because of their fearless manner of play and their athletic immaturity due to which irreparable trauma to the eye is very commonly seen. Glaucoma is another common cause for eye loss in children. The loss of an eye causes disfigurement of the face due to which the children become emotionally weak and conscious and avoid taking part in social events, which in turn causes anxiety, stress and depression at an early age in life. Recovery after the loss of an eye requires an adjustment to monocular vision and improvement of the appearance with the use of artificial eyes carefully prepared to match the remaining natural eye. The custom made ocular prostheses are very comfortable and help children improve their appearances, which in turn, encourages them to build up their self-confidence to return back to their social life.
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    Plasmacytoma of scalp.
    (1996-01-01) Vyas, R; Dixit, S; Singhal, S; Neema, J P; Suryanarayan, U; Baboo, H A
    An interesting case of plasmacytoma of the scalp is described. Extramedullary plasmocytoma of scalp is rarely reported. This patient was treated with external radiotherapy dose of which was 40 Gy/20 fraction. Disease responded very well to radiotherapy.