Browsing by Author "Chakraborty, A K"
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Item Absorption and fluorescence studies on interaction between cationic dyes and Klebsiella K7 capsular polysaccharide.(1992-06-01) Mitra, A; Chakraborty, A KInteraction of cationic dyes, pinacyanol chloride, acridine orange and phenosafranin, with Klebsiella K7 capsular polysaccharide has been investigated by spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric measurements. The acidic polysaccharide induce a metachromatic blue shift of the absorption band of pinacyanol chloride from 600 nm to 495 nm, indicating strong metachromasy. Stoichiometry of polyanion and dye cation (1:1.5) in the polymer-dye compound formed by the interaction between pinacyanol chloride dye and K7 polymer indicate that both glucuronic acid and pyruvic acid act as the potential anionic sites for interaction. Both spectrophotometric titration of pinacyanol chloride and spectrofluorometric titration of acridine orange and phenosafranin dyes by the polymer gave quite comparable equivalent weights for the polymer. Dye-polymer interaction studies indicated induction of metachromasy in the cationic dye by the anionic biopolymer, establishing its chromotropic character.Item Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)(1990-04-01) Chakraborty, A KItem Acute respiratory infections in children admitted in a hospital of Calcutta.(1991-07-01) Roy, P; Sen, P K; Das, K B; Chakraborty, A KAnalysis of records of admitted children (0-12 years) in Chittaranjan Sishusadan Hospital, Calcutta during 1987 revealed that acute respiratory infections contributed 20.1% of all admissions. Lower respiratory infections were common. 93.7% of children were below 5 years of age. Case fatality rate due to ARI was the highest (17.6%) during infancy. Higher number of admissions were observed during the monsoon months.Item Arsenical dermatosis from tubewell water in West Bengal.(1987-03-01) Chakraborty, A K; Saha, K CItem Changes in plasma proteins and liver nucleic acid during immunization with microbial toxin. Part 3.(1967-02-01) Chakraborty, A K; Dutta, S KItem Chest diseases and tuberculosis in a slum community and problems in estimating their prevalence.(1979-04-01) Chakraborty, A K; Gothi, G D; Isaac, B; Rangaswamy, K R; Krishnamurthy, M S; Rajalakshmi, RItem Childhood malignant nevus giganticus.(1984-09-01) Mitra, S; Mukhopadhyay, B; Chakraborty, A K; Narasimahrao, K L; Mitra, S KItem Chromotropic character of bacterial acidic polysaccharides: Part I--Induction of metachromasia in dye neutral red.(1987-08-01) Chakrabarti, A; Nath, R K; Chakraborty, A KItem Chromotropic character of bacterial acidic polysaccharides: Part II--Induction of metachromasy in cationic dye pinacyanol chloride by Klebsiella K10 capsular polysaccharide.(1989-04-01) Chakrabarti, A; Nath, R K; Chakraborty, A KThe acidic capsular polysaccharide isolated from Klebsiella K10 exhibited chromotropic character with respect to induction of metachromasy in the cationic dye pinacyanol chloride (1-ethyl-2-[3-(1-ethyl-2(1H)-quinolylidene)propenyl]quinolinium chloride). Klebsiella K10 polymer consists of hexasaccharide repeating units containing one residue of glucuronic acid along with other neutral sugars in each repeating unit. It induces a metachromatic blue shift in the visible absorption spectrum of the dye from 600 nm to 500 nm. The spectral changes have been studied during interaction of the dye cations with the polyanions at different polymer/dye molar ratios. The polyanion-dye compounds are formed with polymer/dye stoichiometry of 1:1, indicating formation of stacking conformation. The complete reversal of polymer-induced metachromasy has also been observed by the addition of ethanol and urea.Item Chromotropic character of bacterial acidic polysaccharides: Part III--Interaction of cationic dye pinacyanol chloride with Klebsiella K15 capsular polysaccharide.(1990-10-01) Mitra, A; Chakrabarti, A; Nath, R K; Chakraborty, A KInteraction of cationic dye pinacyanol chloride with the acidic capsular polysaccharide isolated from Klebsiella serotype K15 has been investigated by spectral measurements. Klebsiella K15 polysaccharide consists of hexasaccharide repeating units containing one residue each of glucuronic acid and glucose, and four residues of galactose. Glucuronic acid acts as the potential anionic site and the biopolymer interacts with the dye cations. It induces metachromasy in the dye and a blue shift of about 100 nm is observed in the visible absorption spectrum of the dye. Spectral measurements have been carried out at different polymer/dye molar ratios. Stoichiometry of polymer and dye in the polyanion-dye compound (1:1) indicates that every potential anionic site of the polyanion is associated with the dye cation, and stacking conformation is thus suggested. Effect of different non-aqueous solvents in reversing metachromasy has also been studied. Interaction studies exhibit chromotropic character of the biopolymer.Item Chronic arsenic poisoning from tube-well water.(1984-01-01) Garai, R; Chakraborty, A K; Dey, S B; Saha, K CItem Community based survey of STD/HIV infection among commercial sex workers in Calcutta (India). Part-IV: Sexually transmitted diseases and related risk factors.(1994-12-01) Pal, N K; Chakraborty, M S; Das, A; Khodakevich, L; Jana, S; Chakraborty, A KCommunity based survey on a sample of commercial sex workers in one red light area of Calcutta, was carried out to determine prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) including HIV infection and related risk factors. An alarmingly high prevalence of STDs (80.56 per cent) but low HIV-seropositivity (1.13 per cent) was observed. Candida albicans, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis were detected in 23.24, 13.24 and 11.11 per cent of genital specimens respectively. BY TPHA test 62.97 per cent of the sera were reactive for Treponema pallidum. Duration in the profession of sex workers was found to have an association with seropositivity for syphilis. Prevalence of HIV infection might be low at present, but conditions were highly favourable for rapid spread of infection.Item Community based survey of STD/HIV infection among commercial sex-workers in Calcutta (India). Part II. Sexual behaviour, knowledge and attitude towards STD.(1994-09-01) Jana, S; Chakraborty, A K; Das, A; Khodakevich, L; Chakraborty, M S; Pal, N KA community based sample survey of STD/HIV infections was carried out among 450 commercial sex workers, (CSW) of one red light area in Calcutta. In this paper, sexual practices of sex workers, their knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and practice of preventive and curative measures against STDs, is described. Vaginal intercourse was the usual sexual practice. But as many as 74.44 per cent also practised oral sex. About 82.67 per cent had the practice of washing external genitalia with antiseptic solution after sexual intercourse. About 69.11 per cent of sex workers were aware of sexually transmitted diseases and 30.67 per cent had knowledge about AIDS. About 70.22 per cent had symptoms related to genital tract during one year preceding the survey and 34 per cent of sex workers took medical treatment during last one month.Item Community based survey of STD/HIV infection among commercial sex-workers in Calcutta (India). Part-III: Clinical findings of sexually transmitted diseases (STD).(1994-12-01) Das, A; Jana, S; Chakraborty, A K; Khodakevich, L; Chakraborty, M S; Pal, N KOn physical examination of 418 sex workers, 202 (48.32 per cent) were found to have vaginal discharge, which was found to be most common among younger age class. Endocervical pus, genital ulcer, and swelling of inguinal lymph glands were observed in 13.16, 6.22 and 1.91 per cent of the sex workers respectively. Clinically 16.51, 15.31, 11.96 and 4.78 per cent were found to suffer from candidiasis, trichomoniasis, cervicitis and syphilis respectively.Item Community based survey of STD/HIV infection among commercial sexworkers in Calcutta (India). Part I. Some social features of commercial sexworkers.(1994-09-01) Chakraborty, A K; Jana, S; Das, A; Khodakevich, L; Chakraborty, M S; Pal, N KA community based sample survey of sexually transmitted diseases and Human Immuno deficiency Virus infection was carried out among commercial sex workers of a red-light area in Calcutta. In this paper socio-demographic aspects of sex workers are discussed. For the survey, 450 sex workers were selected by random sampling method. Among the sex workers surveyed, 84.89 per cent were in the age group 15-29 years. Lowest age was 13 years and mean age was 23.12 years. Large number of sex workers were from Nepal (15.11 per cent) and Bangladesh (11.78 per cent). About 38 per cent were from three districts of West Bengal bordering Bangladesh. About 84.44 per cent of the sex workers were illiterate. Extreme poverty forced 49.10 per cent to choose this profession and family disturbances led 21.56 per cent to this profession. Almost all sex workers (448) had addiction, alcohol being taken regularly by 81.11 per cent. Number of clients of sex workers varied from 2 to 10, average being 3. About 67.33 per cent gave history of pregnancy, 46 per cent had abortion and 41.11 per cent had living children. About 27.11 per cent took precaution against pregnancy regularly. Use of oral pills was found to be the most common practice against pregnancy (13.65 per cent), followed by ligation (11.56 per cent). Only 1.11 per cent reported that their clients used condom regularly.Item Community Psychiatry Clinics at Sundarban: a clinical and cultural experience.(2005-10-17) Chowdhury, A N; Sanyal, D; Chakraborty, A K; De, R; Banerjee, S; Weiss, M GA series of Community Psychiatric Clinics were conducted in different blocks of Sundarban region of West Bengal. One of the primary objectives of this was to collect clinical epidemiological data on psychiatric morbidity in the region. A total of 26 clinics were conducted in Sagar, Kakdwip, Canning and Gosaba block of the Sundarban region during the period from end 1998 to end 2000. A total of 451 psychiatric cases with diagnostic categories (male 239, female 212) and 215 non-psychiatric cases (male 107 and female 108) were seen in these clinics. Diagnostic Interview Schedules (SCID) and Clinical rating scales like Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scales were used to ascertain clinical diagnosis quantitatively. Special emphasis was given on common psychiatric disorders.Item Comparative study of incidence of diarrhea among children in two different environmental situations in Calcutta.(1983-12-01) Chakraborty, A K; Das, J CItem Curative effect of methionine on certain enzymes of chick kidney cortex under lanthanum toxicity situation.(1992-12-01) Maulik, G; Ghosh, N; Sengupta, T; Chattopadhyay, D; Chakraborty, A K; Chatterjee, G CAcute single dose administration of lanthanum chloride (250 mg/kg body wt, ip) to chicks have been found to alter the levels of enzymes of the antioxidant defence system of chick renal cortex fractions. Such changes involved significant decrease in activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase of kidney epithelial cells. However glutathione-S-transferase activity was not altered. Glutathione and total thiol contents were decreased while lipoperoxidative reactions in kidney-cortex was significantly enhanced. The data indicate that amelioration of lanthanum toxicity condition by methionine supplementation may be due to the methionine serving as a precursor of glutathione.Item Demographic impact of family planning programme in Singur area, West Bengal.(1977-01-01) Chakraborty, A K; Rahman, A; Chowdhury, K; Saha, A LItem Demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in tissues and evaluation of atypical tuberculous lesions.(1993-02-01) Chakraborty, S; Chakraborty, A K; Patra, S P; Bhattacharya, S KA study was conducted with tissue sections of 60 different suspected tuberculous lesions, obtained by biopsy from 60 patients of different age groups. The tissue sections were fixed with formol saline and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Histological picture of tuberculosis and presence of acid-fast bacilli were studied. Out of 60, 39 sections showed typical tuberculous lesions. Remaining 21 sections presented atypical lesions. Of those 39 typical lesions 17(43%) showed presence of acid-fast bacilli. Among atypical lesions 10(47%) showed presence of acid-fast bacilli. Thus it may be stated that diagnosis of tuberculosis is not confirmed unless acid-fast bacilli is demonstrated in the lesions. Tuberculosis in substantial number of cases produces non-granulomatous atypical lesions, so non-specific inflammation and granulation tissue in histology need Ziehl-Neelsen staining and careful search for acid-fast bacilli should be made to exclude tuberculosis where the disease is common.