Browsing by Author "Bhat, S."

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    Analysis Of Vipaka (METABOLIC Transformation) Of An Extra-Pharmacopoeial Drug-Bridelia Stipularis (L.) Blume
    (Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt. Ltd., 2020-03) N, H.; Bhat, S.; Kumar, N. M.
    Objective: The objective of the present study is to explore the vipaka of an extra-pharmacopoeia drug Bridelia stipularis (L.) Blume belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. Methods: 12 Wistar strain albino rats were selected and divided into 2 groups; Group A-Control, Group B-Test group. Each rat was kept in separate metabolic cages provided with a constant amount of water and food per day. Assessment of vipaka was done based on the consumption of food, consumption of water, the quantity of faecal matter, urine output, and quantity of water content of expelled faecal matter per day. Assessment of Vipaka was done on the basis of consumption of food; consumption of water; the quantity of faecal matter, urine output and quantity water content of expelled faecal matter per day. Assessment of Vipaka was done on the basis of consumption of food; consumption of water; the quantity of faecal matter, urine output and quantity water content of expelled faecal matter per day. Results: Absolute values of Group B or test group exhibited significant increase in water consumption (p<0.01), wet faecal matter (p<0.05), dry faecal matter (p<0.001), and food conversion ratio (p<0.05), and non-significant increase in food consumption, urine output, faecal water, and body weight. Conclusion: Based on the preliminary analysis it may be concluded that the drug Bridelia stipularis (L.) Blume possess Madhura vipaka (Sweet metabolic transformation).
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    Correlation of diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography with magnetic resonance imaging in local staging of carcinoma rectum at tertiary care center
    (Medip Academy, 2024-07) Danish, M.; Bhat, S.; Sharma, S.; Ahmad, M. S.
    Background: Rectal cancer is third most common cancer related death worldwide. Cross sectional imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play a major role in preoperative staging. En-bloc resection of mesorectum and preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has significant role to reduce postsurgical recurrence. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the department of radiology, Narayan medical college and hospital Sasaram over a period of 12 months from August 2022 to September 2023. A total of 40 patients with biopsy proved rectal carcinoma were included, Local staging of carcinoma rectum was performed using MRI pelvis, MDCT abdomen and pelvis, the results were analysed and correlated. Results: The current study is aimed to correlate the diagnostic accuracy of CT with MRI in local staging of carcinoma rectum. Rectal cancer was more common in elderly mostly above 50 years of age. 65% of the cases showed irregular circumferential wall thickening and 35% showed polypoidal growth. On correlating with MRI, CT showed an overall good sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in diagnosing tumor staging, mesorectal fascia (MRF) involvement and extramural vascular invasion (EMVI). CT can be considered as a reliable imaging modality for local staging of rectal cancer. Conclusions: MRI and MDCT both are complementary imaging modalities in preoperative staging of rectal cancer. MRI is the best available imaging modality for the local staging of patients and has the potential to play an important role in accurately differentiating which patients should receive preoperative chemoradiation prior to total mesorectal excision. CT can be considered as a reliable imaging modality for assessing local staging of rectal cancer.
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    Gallbladder malignancy an old soul revisited-ultrasonography and contrast enhanced computed tomography evaluation in tertiary care center in South West Bihar
    (Medip Academy, 2024-02) Bhat, S.; Ahmad, M. S.; Sharma, S.; Puja
    Background: Gallbladder (GB) malignancy is the commonest biliary tract carcinoma. It ranks fifth among the malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract and in all encompasses about 1-3% of all malignancies. Its peak occurrence is in the 5th decade or older with a female predilection. The most cases of GB malignancy are seen along the Ganga river delta region in India. The median survival rate in GB malignancy is approximately 6 months. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Radiology, Narayan Medical College and Hospital Sasaram over a period of 12 months from August 2022 to September 2023. A total of 40 patients were included on the basis of signs and symptoms of gallbladder carcinoma and underwent USG and CT scan for preoperative radiological diagnosis, following operation all the resected specimens were sent for histopathological evaluation. The diagnostic accuracies of USG and CT scan were then compared against histopathological diagnosis by using Kappa statistics. Results: In the present study, the mean age of the patients was 60 (range: 40-80 years) with female preponderance. About 40% of the gall-bladder were contracted and reduced in size and 35% large and distended on USG examination, while 45% of the gall-bladder were contracted and reduced in size and 37.5% distended and large on CT examination. Approximately 37.5% had irregularly thickened wall and 25% diffusely thickened wall on USG and 25% of gallbladder wall were diffusely thickened and 45% irregularly thickened on CT scan. The present study showed hepatic parenchymal invasion to be 25% on USG and 37.5% on CT scan. The sensitivity and specificity of USG in diagnosing GB carcinoma were 94.2% and 71.4% respectively. Similarly, the sensitivity and specificity of CT scan in detecting GB carcinoma were 97.1% and 83.3% respectively. The test of agreement (Kappa test) revealed an almost 90% agreement between the two procedures meaning that the two diagnostic modalities are almost comparable in diagnosing gall bladder carcinoma. Conclusions: As the histopathological diagnosis of the present study correlated well with USG and CT scan findings in the diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma; it can be concluded that both USG and CT scan are useful imaging modalities for diagnosing this disease. However, CT scan is more sensitive and specific in predicting gall bladder carcinoma as compared to USG.