Browsing by Author "Baral, K"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Agroforestry and Its Potential for Sustainable Land Management and Climate Action: A Review
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-12) Kumar, R; Veeraragavan, M; Baral, K; Saikanth, DRK; Singh, V; Upadhyay, L; Raj, S.
    Agroforestry, the integration of trees and shrubs with crops and/or livestock, stands as a pivotal strategy in sustainable land management and climate action. This review synthesizes current knowledge and practices of agroforestry, focusing on its diverse systems, contributions to sustainable land management, role in climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the challenges and future prospects, with a special emphasis on the Indian context. Agroforestry systems, classified into silvopastoral, agrosilvicultural, and silvoarable, along with specialized practices like alley cropping and forest farming, demonstrate significant adaptability across various climatic and geographical regions. These systems have shown promising results globally, evident in case studies highlighting their effectiveness in different environmental settings. In the realm of sustainable land management, agroforestry is instrumental in soil conservation, enhancing soil fertility, and nutrient cycling. It also plays a critical role in biodiversity conservation and the enhancement of ecosystem services, such as water regulation and pollination. Socioeconomically, agroforestry contributes to improving livelihoods and economic resilience, as demonstrated in various local community case studies. In addressing climate change, agroforestry systems are notable for their carbon sequestration capabilities. Compared to traditional agricultural practices, these systems exhibit a higher potential for carbon storage, both above and below ground. They also enhance resilience to climate extremes, offering adaptive strategies for farmers and communities facing climatic variability. Policy and global initiatives increasingly recognize agroforestry's role in climate action, with international agreements and organizations fostering its integration into national policies. The implementation of agroforestry is not without challenges. Technical complexities, the need for site-specific knowledge, economic and policy barriers, and sociocultural factors pose significant hurdles. For India, a country with diverse agro-ecological zones, these challenges are coupled with opportunities for research, technological innovation, policy improvement, and global-local collaborations. The future prospects for agroforestry are vast, particularly in the Indian context, where it can significantly contribute to sustainable agriculture and rural development. Continued research, policy support, and collaborative efforts are essential to fully realize the potential of agroforestry in environmental conservation, climate change mitigation, and socioeconomic development.
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    Nanoparticle-Enhanced Approaches for Sustainable Agriculture and Innovations in Food Science
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2024-01) Singh, BV; Girase, IP; Sharma, M; Vidhya, C. S.; Tiwari, AK; Baral, K; Pandey, SK.
    This comprehensive review paper delves into the burgeoning field of nanoparticle-based applications in sustainable agriculture and food science. With a focus on the latest advancements, we explore the diverse ways in which nanoparticles are being harnessed to enhance agricultural practices and revolutionize the food industry. The review covers the synthesis methods of nanoparticles, their unique physicochemical properties, and their multifaceted roles in promoting sustainable agriculture, including improved crop yield, disease resistance, and nutrient uptake. Furthermore, we investigate the applications of nanoparticles in food science, ranging from food preservation and packaging to the development of nanostructured delivery systems for bioactive compounds. The potential benefits and challenges associated with nanoparticle utilization in agriculture and food science are critically examined, providing insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders. This review aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on sustainable and innovative practices that can shape the future of agriculture and food technology.
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    Role of antibiotics on the action of carbaryl in insects.
    (1980-03-01) Datta, S; Baral, K
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    Sleep deprivation and its associated factors among early adolescents in selected schools of Kathmandu Metropolitan City
    (Medip Academy, 2024-11) Chudal, S; Neupane, M; Baral, K; Sharma, P; Poudel, Y.
    Background: Sleep deprivation is a growing mental health issue that is characterized by a lack of adequate sleep with fatigue and lethargy. It is an increasing concern for early adolescents as they have constant access to the internet and social media nowadays. This research aimed to identify the prevalence of sleep deprivation and its associated factors among early adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 329 early adolescents from selected schools in Kathmandu valley. The lottery method was used to select the study area and simple random was used for sample units. A semi-structured questionnaire and face-to-face interview were conducted as a data collection tool and technique. KOBO toolbox and SPSS 25.0 were used for data entry and analysis. Relevant descriptive statistics were computed for all variables and the association was computed using the Chi-square test. Results: Among 329 respondents, 60.2% had poor sleep quality, and 54.7% were dependent upon social media. Sleep quality and social media dependency were positively associated with the gender of the respondent, frequency of checking social media apps per day, use of social media before sleeping and after waking up, duration of social media usage before sleeping, academic performance, and interest in studying. Conclusions: This study showed a significant relationship between social media usage, poor sleep quality, and academic performance. It highlighted a critical need for awareness of sleep deprivation and the psychological effects of excessive social media usage on adolescents in Kathmandu valley.
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    Unlocking the Benefits of Carbon Sequestration for Enhancing Soil Health
    (Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-12) Pandao, MR; Jejal, AD; Shukla, EP; Prabhumitrareddy, S; Rout, S; Baral, K; Bhadani, M.
    This abstract investigates the profound interconnection between carbon sequestration methods and soil health enhancement, crucial for sustainable land management. Evaluating various strategies, including cover cropping, reduced tillage, agroforestry, and biochar application, this study elucidates their role in augmenting soil organic carbon levels and fostering microbial diversity, thereby improving soil structure, water retention, nutrient cycling, and overall fertility. It examines the reciprocal impacts of carbon sequestration and soil health on agricultural yields, ecosystem resilience, and climate change mitigation. Furthermore, the research outlines barriers to widespread adoption, such as economic constraints and policy frameworks, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches and technological innovations. Overall, this study advocates integrating carbon sequestration practices into agricultural techniques as a pivotal step towards mitigating climate change and fortifying soil health for sustainable land use and resilient ecosystems.