Browsing by Author "Banerjee, P K"
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Item Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia manifesting with splenic rupture.(1990-06-01) Banerjee, P K; Bhansali, A; Dash, S; Dash, R JSpontaneous rupture of the spleen in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is rare and has only exceptionally been reported as the presenting manifestation. One such case is being reported to emphasize the importance of this potentially fatal complication.Item Aerobic capacity of young girls.(1979-02-01) Chatterjee, S; Banerjee, P K; Chatterjee, P; Maitra, S RItem Aetiological spectrum of chronic liver disease in eastern India.(2000-04-06) Ray, G; Ghoshal, U C; Banerjee, P K; Pal, B B; Dhar, K; Pal, A K; Biswas, P KAIM: To evaluate the aetiologic spectrum of chronic liver disease (CLD) in a tertiary referral center in Eastern India. METHODS: A total of 175 patients (cirrhosis 166, chronic hepatitis 9) diagnosed by clinical, biochemical, radiological and histopathological (42 cases) parameters were evaluated for aetiology. Investigations included: HBsAg and anti HCV (third generation) by ELISA. HBeAg and HBV DNA were tested in HBsAg positive patients. HCV RNA was tested in anti-HCV positive patients. Markers for autoimmune and Wilson's disease (anti-nuclear antibody, anti smooth muscle antibody, serum ceruloplasmin, urinary copper and slit lamp examination for KF ring) were done where clinically indicated. RESULTS: A total of 62 (35.4%) patients had HBV related CLD and 6 (9.7%) of them had pre-core mutant. HCV was present in 17/114 (14.9%) cases and none had infection with both viruses. Autoimmunity, Wilson's disease and alcohol were the aetiological factors in 5 (2.8%), 5 (2.8%) and 3 (1.7%) patients respectively. No aetilogy could be found in 18/114 (15.8%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that HBV is the commonest cause of CLD in Eastern India. Alcohol and HCV are uncommon in this part of the country.Item Auditory evoked functions in ground crew working in high noise environment of Mumbai airport.(2004-10-24) Thakur, L; Anand, J P; Banerjee, P KThe continuous exposure to the relatively high level of noise in the surroundings of an airport is likely to affect the central pathway of the auditory system as well as the cognitive functions of the people working in that environment. The Brainstem Auditory Evoked Responses (BAER), Mid Latency Response (MLR) and P300 response of the ground crew employees working in Mumbai airport were studied to evaluate the effects of continuous exposure to high level of noise of the surroundings of the airport on these responses. BAER, P300 and MLR were recorded by using a Nicolet Compact-4 (USA) instrument. Audiometry was also monitored with the help of GSI-16 Audiometer. There was a significant increase in the peak III latency of the BAER in the subjects exposed to noise compared to controls with no change in their P300 values. The exposed group showed hearing loss at different frequencies. The exposure to the high level of noise caused a considerable decline in the auditory conduction upto the level of the brainstem with no significant change in conduction in the midbrain, subcortical areas, auditory cortex and associated areas. There was also no significant change in cognitive function as measured by P300 response.Item Body composition & cardiovascular functions in healthy males acclimatized to desert & high altitude.(2009-02-19) Singh, V K; Vats, Praveen; Kishnani, S; Pramanik, S N; Singh, S N; Singh, Shashi Bala; Banerjee, P KBACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Several physiological changes affecting physical fitness occur in humans whenever they are exposed to extremes of environments such as heat, cold and high altitude (HA). The present study was undertaken to evaluate effect of stay in desert and HA on physical fitness and body composition of physically active individuals. METHODS: Study was conducted on three groups of male soldiers (n=30 in each group) at different climatic conditions i.e., temperate (plains of north India), hot desert (Rajasthan), and HA (3600 m) in Western Himalayas. Subjects were acclimatized to hot and HA environments and had similar BMI (body mass index). Body fat, lean body mass, haemoglobin levels were determined along with, blood pressure and physical fitness index (PFI). RESULTS: The body fat of subjects at temperate, desert and HA was found to be 15.4, 12.8 and 16.9 per cent respectively. The resting heart rate and blood pressure were higher in altitude group in comparison to others. PFI score of volunteers at temperate, desert and HA were found to be 97.4 +/- 10.3, 92.4+/- 14.4 and 83.8 +/- 6.2 respectively. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: A combination of different factors i.e., higher resting pulse rate, increased blood pressure and body fat may be responsible for lower PFI at HA. The observed differences in body fat content of different groups could be an adaptive feature to the environment.Item Bone changes during simulated weightlessness in rats.(2000-07-15) Jain, P K; Iyer, E M; Banerjee, P K; Baboo, N SWeightless environment due to prolonged Space mission results in decreased mineralisation of the weight bearing bones. Hind limb unweighting (HU) in rats by tail suspension was used to simulate the effect of weightlessness on tibia. Adult male albino rats were divided into two groups as (i) Control (CON, n = 12) and (ii) HU for 15 days (HU, n = 18). After 15 days of HU tibia from all the animals were removed and subsequently dried and ashed. The calcium content of these bones were then determined. HU resulted in atrophic changes in the weight bearing bone, tibia, due to the reductions of water content (-35.8%), organic matrix (-12.2%) and calcium content (-33.4%). The reduction in the dry wt of tibia (-13.5%) was due to proportionate reductions in the organic matrix and total mineral content of the bone. The reduction in the mineral content was solely due to the reduction in calcium content of the bone.Item Changes in left ventricular ejection time based cardiac output in pilots & non-pilots during orthostatic stress.(1986-03-01) Dikshit, M B; Banerjee, P K; Rao, P L; Iyer, E MItem Changes in the urinary excretion of lactic acid during exercise under hypoxic stress.(1981-10-01) Iyer, E M; Banerjee, P K; Kumar, R; Dikshit, M BItem Changes in tyrosine levels of black & white skins of guinea pigs treated with psoralen & hormones.(1981-02-01) Mondal, M; Banerjee, P KItem Changes in visual evoked potentials on acute induction to high altitude.(2004-11-14) Singh, S B; Thakur, L; Anand, J P; Yadav, Deepak; Amitabh,; Banerjee, P K; Selvamurthy, WBACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Induction to high altitude leads to altered central nervous system (CNS) functions induced by hypobaric hypoxia. The sensory systems like visual and auditory systems are reported to be affected by hypoxia. The present study was undertaken to assess the effects of hypobaric hypoxia on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) at 3200 m and 4300 m. METHODS: The VEP of 30 human volunteers were recorded at sea level (SL) and then at high altitude (HA) of 3200 m (HA I) and 4300 m (HA II) in eastern Himalayas and on return to sea level (RSL). The absolute latencies and amplitude of positive and negative waves were recorded. RESULTS: High altitude of 3200 m did not alter the latency of major wave N1, P1 and N2 of the VEPs. At HA II (4300 m), there was a statistically significant increase (P < 0.01) in the latency of NI wave as compared to the SL value and HA I (3200 m) in both left and right eye. There was a slight increase in latenty of P1 wave in both left and right eye at HA II. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: From these results it may be concluded that induction to HA causes increase in latency of N1 wave at 4300 m which is still within physiological limits. This increase in wave latency of N1 wave in both eyes may be due to synaptic delay and/or altered neuronal processing at HA.Item Colonic mucosal changes in portal hypertension.(2001-01-12) Ghoshal, U C; Biswas, P K; Roy, G; Pal, B B; Dhar, K; Banerjee, P KForty one consecutive patients with portal hypertension (PHT) were evaluated by colonoscopy to study the prevalence, type, extent and predictors of haemorrhoids, colorectal varices, and portal hypertensive colopathy. Specific inquiry and regular follow-up assessed frequency of hematochezia. Twenty five patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding without PHT who underwent colonoscopy served as controls. Haemorrhoids were seen in nine of 41 (21.9%) patients with PHT and four of 25 (16%) controls (p = ns). Colorectal varices were seen in 13/41 (31.7%) patients with PHT and none of the controls (p = 0.005). Portal colopathy was present in 15/41 (36.6%) patients with PHT and none of the controls (p = 0.0005). None of the parameters (e.g. aetiology of PHT, Child's class, oesophageal variceal eradication by EST with or without EVL, history of variceal bleeding, grade of oesophageal varices, presence of portal hypertensive gastropathy or gastric varices) predicted the occurrence of colorectal varices and portal hypertensive colopathy. Detection of colorectal varices but not portal hypertensive colopathy was associated with occurrence of hematochezia.Item Current status of pharmacological receptors in mammalian central nervous system.(1989-04-01) Banerjee, P K; Sen, A P; Bhattacharya, S KItem Depression of ascorbic acid by drug & hormones in white & black skins of guinea pig.(1980-12-01) Mondal, M; Banerjee, P KItem Effect of chronic hypobaric hypoxia on components of the human event related potential.(2004-08-07) Singh, S B; Thakur, L; Anand, J P; Yadav, Deepak; Amitab,; Banerjee, P KBACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Induction to high altitude (HA) leads to deterioration in cognitive functions. The event related potentials (ERPs) like P300 are reported to be affected by hypoxia and bring about impairments in cognitive performance. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of hypobaric hypoxia on event related potentials at two different altitudes i.e., 3200 m (HA I) and 4300 m (HA II) in ascending order to see how ERPs change with increasing altitude. METHODS: The study was carried out on 20 healthy male volunteers at sea level (SL) and thereafter at high altitude (HA) in Eastern Himalayas and on return to sea level (RSL). The P300 was recorded by using standard auditory odd ball paradigm with compact -4 (Nicolet, USA). RESULTS: The N1, N2 and P2 latencies were not significantly affected at HA I and HA II in comparison with SL indicating no effect of hypobaric hypoxia on sensory conduction. However, at HA II, most of the subjects showed an increase in latency of P3 component reflecting sensory discrimination and delay in evaluation process at 4300 m. At HA I, only 10 out of 20 subjects showed an increase in P3 wave latency and 3 did not show any change in N2-P3 components. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The results of the present study showed an increase in P300 wave latency at 3200 and 4300 m of high altitude. The observations suggest that hypoxia causes slowing of the signal processing at 4300 m, and magnitudes of the effects are altitude dependent with higher level of decline observed with increasing altitude.Item Effect of glucose electrolyte ingestion on physiological changes due to severe heat stress.(1989-07-01) Bandopadhyay, P; Banerjee, P K; Dikshit, M B; Iyer, M ESevere heat stress experienced by aircrew during summer months can cause deterioration in performance. Acute heat stress can also lead to dehydration and loss of electrolytes. Previous studies emphasised the need of K+ replacement. This study was carried out to determine the effect of glucose electrolyte ingestion (ELECTRAL) on thermal strain parameters. Ten healthy male subjects in the age group of 19-43 years were exposed to an acute thermal environment of 50 degrees C Tdb with relative humidity of 30% for 40 min. twice each day on two different days with an interval of one hour in between the exposures. At the beginning of rest period electrolyte solution was ingested during electrolyte trials and water under control trials. Physiological parameters of Tsk, T or, HR and electrolyte concentration of Na+ and K+ in sweat did not show any significant difference in both the trials. Sweat loss was significantly higher during electrolyte trials.Item Effect of high altitude on human auditory brainstem responses.(2004-04-04) Singh, S B; Thakur, L; Anand, J P; Yadav, Deepak; Amitabh,; Banerjee, P K; Selvamurthy, WThe effect of hypobaric hypoxia on Brain Stem Auditory evoked potentials (BAERs) were studied. BAERs were recorded in 30 volunteers at sea level (SL) and then at high altitude (HA) of 3200 m (HA I) and 4300 m (HA II) in Eastern Himalayas and on return to sea level (RSL). The BAERs were recorded using Nicolet Compact - 4 (USA) in response to monaural auditory stimuli consisting of clicks of 100 ps square pulse at a rate of 15/sec. The BAERs were recorded on day 4 of their stay at 3200 m and 4300 m respectively. Findings indicated an increase in absolute peak latencies of wave V at 3200 m, which was statistically significant. On further ascent to 4300 m there was an increase in absolute peak latencies of wave I and III indicating delay in sensory conduction at the medullo-pontine auditory pathways.Item Effect of hypobaric hypoxia on visual evoked potential at high altitude.(2005-07-13) Thakur, Lalan; Singh, S B; Anand, J P; Panjwani, U; Banerjee, P KThe effect of hypobaric hypoxia on visual evoked potential (VEP) was studied in 27 male volunteers at sea level (SL), during the 1st and 3rd weeks of their stay at high altitude (HA) of 3,500 m and in the 1st week of their return to the sea level (RSL). Exposure to high altitude (HA) led to significant changes in VEP. The N1 wave latency of both right and left eye was significantly increased (P<0.05) during 3rd week of stay at the altitude which persisted even after the return to the sea level. The latency of P1 wave of both right and left eye was higher in 3rd week at high altitude but not significant statistically. But the delay in P1 latency persisted in 1st week of their return to sea level which was significant (p<0.05) statistically as compared to sea level. The latency of N2 wave was significantly decreased (P<0.05) during the 1st week of stay at HA and returned back to basal value in the 3rd week of stay at HA in both right and left eye. However, the changes observed in NPN complex in terms of wave latencies were within the physiological limits. The amplitude of wave N1-P1 of both the right and left eye did not show any change. The changes observed reflect the process of acclimatisation to 3500m high altitude.Item Effect of hypoxia on the anterior lobe of pituitary in guineapigs.(1977-12-01) Roychoudhury, D K; Banerjee, P KItem Effect of simulated ascent to 3500 meter on neuro-endocrine functions.(2006-07-30) Panjwani, Usha; Thakur, Lalan; Anand, J P; Malhotra, A S; Banerjee, P KAscent to extreme High Altitude (HA) is in steps and it entails acclimatization at moderately HA locations. In terms of acclimatization, it is pertinent to understand the physiological changes, which occur on immediate ascent to moderate HA. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of ascent to 3500 m on neuro-endocrine responses in the first hour of induction. The plasma levels of catecholamines and cortisol were measured before and after one hour of ascent to high altitude. The peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), Galvanic Skin Resistance (GSR), Heart Rate (HR) and Blood Pressure (BP) were simultaneously monitored. The plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine and cortisol were increased after one-hour exposure to 3500 m altitude as compared to before exposure. The SpO2 showed a significant decrease during and after high altitude induction. The heart rate and diastolic BP increased at 3500 m whereas the GSR did not show significant changes. There are changes in neuroendocrine responses, which reflect a sympathetic over activity in the first hour of exposure to 3500 m.Item Effects of periodic weight support in a simulated weightless environment in preventing bone demineralisation.(2003-01-24) Jain, P K; Iyer, E M; Banerjee, P K; Baboo, N SAnti Orthostatic Hypokinetic posture in rats by tail suspension for 15 days (d) simulates the deconditioning effects of weightlessness on the weight bearing bones. The present study evaluates the effects of daily 4 hour (h) weight support (WS) during simulated weightlessness (S-W) in preventing these changes. Adult male albino rats were divided into three groups as (i) Control (CON, n = 12), (ii) Hind limb unweighing by tail suspension for 15 d (HU, n = 18), (iii) HU with daily 4 h WS (4 HRWS, n = 11). After 15 d tibia from all the animals were removed and subsequently dried, ashed and then calcium content of the bones were determined. HU showed reductions in the water content by 35.8%, organic matrix by 12.2% and calcium content by 33.4% of tibia. 4 h WS during S-W resulted in complete prevention of water loss and organic matrix loss and partial prevention of the loss of calcium content. Calcium content of tibia in 4 HRWS remained 15.2% less as compared to CON. These findings indicate that 4 h WS is partially successful in preventing the demineralisation effects of S-W on weight bearing bone tibia.
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